Carolina, received one hundred and eighty-two votes and was consequently elected. The choice of the president, according to constitutional provisions, fell upon the house of representatives, and, contrary to all previous expectations, an election was effected at the first balloting; Mr. Adams having received the votes of thirteen states, General Jackson the votes of seven states, and Mr. Crawford the votes of four states.

On the 4th of March, 1825, Mr. Adams was inaurated as president of the United States. His cabinet consisted of Henry Clay, of Kentucky, secretary of state; Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, secretary of the treasury; James Barbour, of Virginia, secretary of war.

One of the most prominent topics of public interest during the first year of Mr. Adams administration, was the controversy between the national government and the executive of Georgia. This controversy grew out of a compact made between these parties in 1802, by which the United States agreed to extinguish the Indian title to the lands occupied by them in Georgia, "whenever it could be peaceably done, upon reasonable terms." A negotiation was now opened between the Indian tribes and the national government, which resulted in annulling the old treaty, and the formation of a new one, by which the Creeks were allowed to retain all their land in Alabama, and ceded all their lands in Georgia for a more liberal compensation than had been before stipulated. The chief difference between this and the previous treaty was in the amount ceded, and the consideration paid; the Georgia delegation, notwithstanding, made a fruitless opposition to its adoption.

Another subject, which occupied much of the atten

tion of Congress, was the acceptance by the president of the invitation to send commissioners to the congress of Panama, and the nominaition of Richard C. Anderson and John Sargeant as ministers on the part of the United States, and William B. Rochester, of New York, as Secretary.

The Congress at Panama had for its object the cementing of the friendly relations of all the Independent States of America, and was designed also, to serve as a common council in the conflicting state of things in South America, and as an umpire in their differences. The plan of such a Congress was first introduced into a treaty between Peru and Columbia in 1822.

It was, however, in the domestic policy of the government, that the character of the adminstration was most strongly displayed. The interest on the public debt was punctually paid, and the debt itself was in a constant course of reduction, having been diminished thirty millions three hundred and seventy-three thousand one hundred and eighty-eight dollars, leaving due on the 1st of January, 1829, fifty-eight millions three hundred and sixty-two thousand one hundred and thirty-six dollars.

We have not room for a detailed account of the various measures of Mr. Adams' administration. During the whole of it the United States enjoyed uninterrupted peace; for the foreign policy of the government had nothing in view but the maintenance of our national dignity, the extension of our commercial relations, and the successful prosecution of the claims of American citizens upon foreign gov

ernments.

In the condition which we have described, in peace with all the world, with an increasing revenue, and

with a surplus of five millions one hundred and twenty-five thousand six hundred and thirty-eight dollars in the public treasury, the administration of the government of the United States was surrendered by Mr. Adams, who became a private citizen, to General Jackson, his successor.

When he was succeeded in the presidency by General Jackson, Mr. Adams continued to take an active part in public affairs, and still continues to represent his native district in Congress. In this body he has taken the stand to which his eminent talents and distinguished services fully entitle him. His reports on the Bank of the United States and on Manufactures, are among the ablest papers to be found among the records of our political bodies. His speeches are marked with the stern and singular independence which has characterized his whole life, and command the respect and attention which must always be awarded to a man of iearless and uncompromising integrity Long may he be spared to the councils of the nation-long enough to witness the passing away of party prejudices, and to enjoy the fruition of that fame which has been purchased by the devotion of a life to his country.