larity in their day. In 1706, for his "Hudibras Redivivus," which reflected upon the queen and the government, he was sentenced to stand twice in the pillory, and to pay forty marks, and give security for good behaviour for a year. Mr. Granger says, "There is in his writings a vulgarity of style and sentiment borrowed from, and adapted to, most of the scenes of low life, in which he was particularly conversant. He mistook pertness and vivacity for wit; and distortion of thought and expression for humor: all which are abundantly exemplified in what he published, both of verse and prose." His best performance is the "London Spy," which Jacob, in his "Lives of the Poets," deservedly complimented as a "celebrated work." In this book there is much of curious detail concerning the manners of the times. Ward died in 1731, at about the age of seventy.

DRESS, TEMP. ANNE.

While speaking of persons who lived in the reign of queen Ann, it may not be out of place to mention the dress of that period, when French fashions were imported, much to the satisfaction of the youthful and gay, though they were greatly disapproved by the aged and sedate.

Gentlemen contracted the size of their wigs, and, for undress, tied up some of the most flowing of their curls. In this state they were called Ramillie wigs, and afterwards tie-wigs; but were never worn in full dress. The cravat had long ends, which fell on the breast; it was generally of point lace; but sometimes only bordered or fringed. The coat had no collar, was long, open at the bottom of the sleeves, and without cuffs, and edged with gold or silver from the top to the bottom, with clasps and buttons the whole length, and at the opening at the sleeve. Young gentlenen often had the sleeves only half way down the arm, and the short sleeve very full and deeply ruffled. An ornamental belt kept the coat tight at the bottom of the waist. The vest, and lower part of the dress, had little clasps, and was seldom seen. The roll-up stocking came into vogue at this period, and the sandal was much used by the young men; these were finely

• Noble.

wrought. Elderly gentlemen had the shoe fastened with small buckles upon the instep; and raised, but not high, heels.

Ladies wore the hair becomingly curled round the face. A flowing coif, or rather veil, of the finest linen, fastened upon the head, and fell behind it. This prevailed till the high projecting head-dress was restored, after it had been discontinued fifteen years. Swift, when dining with Sir Thomas Hanmer, observed the duchess of Grafton with this ungraceful Babel head-dress; she looked, he said, "like a mad woman." The large necklace was still used, though not constantly worn. Ear-rings were discontinued. The bosom was either entirely exposed, or merely shaded by gauze. Most of the silver money of this reign has the royal bust with drapery; the gold pieces are without. The queen commanded that the drapery should appear upon both. The chemise had a tucker or border above the boddice, which was open in front, and fastened with gold or silver clasps or jewellery: the sleeves were full. The large tub hoop made its appearnnce in this reign. The apology for it was its coolness in summer, by admitting a free circulation of air. Granger says, "it was no more a petticoat, than Diogenes's tub was his breeches." Flounces and furbelows prevailed in this reign, and became ridiculously enormous. Embroidered shoes continued in fashion. Ladies and gentlemen had their gloves richly embroidered.

Queen Ann strictly observed decorum in her dress, and appears to have made it her study. She would often notice the

dress of her domestics of either sex, and remark whether a periwig, or the lining of a coat, were appropriate. She once sent for Lord Bolingbroke in haste; and he gave immediate attendance in a Ramillie, or tie, instead of a full bottomed wig, which so offended her majesty, that she said, "I suppose his lordship will come to court, the next time, in his nightcap."

Bulbous crowfoot in flower.
Late daffodil flowers.
Wild yellow tulip flowers.
Barbary tree in leaf.

The redstart appears; the female comes, usually, a few days before the male.

April 17.

On the 17th of April, 1790, Dr. Benjamin Franklin died at Philadelphia, at eighty-four years of age. His public career is well known; his private life, written by himself, is full of counsels and cautions and examples of prudence and economy.

A TRICK OF FRANKLIN'S.

The following letter from the doctor at Paris was published by the gentleman to whom it was addressed:

[Copy.]

I send you herewith a bill for ten louis d'ors. I do not pretend to give such a sum: I only lend it to you. When you shall return to your country, you cannot fail of getting into some business that will in time enable you to pay all your debts. In that case, when you meet with another honest man in similar distress you must pay me by lending this sum to him, enjoining him to discharge the debt by a like operation, when he shall be able, and shall meet with such another opportunity. I hope it may thus go through many hands before it meets with a knave to stop its progress. This is a trick of mine for doing a deal of good with a little money. I am not rich enough to afford much in good works, and so am obliged to be cunning, and make the most of a little.

Star anemone in full flower.

6 57

9 11

Then joy I in the song and in the flower,
Joy in myself, but in my lady more;
All objects round my spirit turns to joy,
But most from her my rapture rises high.
Bernard de Ventadour

THE NIGHTINGALE.

Of this delicious songster it is not, at present, proposed to say more than relates to the taking and ordering of branchers and old birds.

Branchers are caught in July, or at the latter end of March, or beginning of April; beginning of August; old birds at the those taken in March, or before the 12th of April, are esteemed the best. Birds taken after that day seldom thrive.

Their haunts are usually in a wood, coppice, or quickset hedge, where they may be taken in a trap-cage, made on purpose, baited with a meal-worm. Place the trap as near as possible to the place where the bird sings. If it is in the middle of a hedge, or a place where he feeds, before you fix the trap, turn up the earth about twice the bigness of the trap; for, where the ground is newly turned up, he looks for food, and, espying the worm, comes presently to it; if he does not appear soon, then turn up a fresh spot of earth, larger than the former, and you will quickly have him, for he will not It is leave the place where he resorts. customary with this bird to settle, or seize upon one particular place as his freehold, into which he will not admit any

but his mate.

Nightingales are likewise taken with lime-twigs, placed upon the hedge near which they sing, with meal-worms fastened at proper places to allure them.

As soon as you have taken one, tie the tips of his wings with some thread (not strained too hard), to prevent his beating himself against the top and wires of the cage; he will grow tame the sooner, and He should be put into more readily eat. a nightingale's back cage; if placed in an open one, aarken one side with cloth or paper; and hang him, at first, in some

April 18.

THE NIGHTINGALE.

When grass grows green, and fresh leaves spring,

And flowers are budding on the plain, When nightingales so sweetly sing,

And through the greenwood swells the strain,

Feed him once in an hour and a half, or two hours, with sheep's heart and egg shred small and fine, mingling amongst this food some ants, or meal-worms. No nightingale will at first eat the sheep's heart or egg, but he must be brought to it by degrees, for his natural food is worms, ants, caterpillars, or flies; therefore, taking the bird in your hand, oepn his bill with a stick made thin at one end

and give him three, four, or five pieces, according as he will take them, as big as peas; then set him some meat mingled with store of ants, that, when he goes to pick up the ants, he may eat some of the heart and egg with it. At first shred three or four meal-worms in his meat, the better to entice him, that so he may eat some of the sheep's heart by little and little, and, when he eats freely, give him less of ants, &c., and, at last, nothing but sheep's heart and egg. You should take some of this meat with you when you go to catch nightingales, and in an hour or two after they are taken force them to eat, by opening the mouth and cramming them. Take care that the meat be not too dry; moisten it by sprinkling a little clean water upon it, as you prepare it. Birds that are long in feeding, and make no "curring" or "sweeting" for eight or ten days, seldom prove good. On the contrary, when they are soon familiar, and sing quickly, and eat of themselves without much trouble, these are sure tokens of their proving excellent birds. Those which feed in a few hours, or the next day after they are taken, and sing in two or three days, never prove bad. Tie the wings no longer than till the bird is grown_tame.*

When nightingales their lulling song

For me have breathed the whole night long,
Thus soothed, I sleep ;-yet, when awake,
Again will joy my heart forsake,
Pensive in love, in sorrow pining
All other fellowship declining:
Not such was once my blest employ,
When all my heart, my song, was joy.
And none who knew that joy, but well
Could tell how bright, unspeakable,
How far above all common bliss,
Was then my heart's pure happiness;
How lightly on my fancy ranged,
Gay tale and pleasant jest exchanged,
Dreaming such joy must ever be
In love like that I bore for thee.
They that bobold me little dream
How wide my spirit soars from them,
And, borne on fancy's pinion, roves
To seek the beauteous form it loves:
Know, that a faithful herald flies
To bear her image to my eyes,
My constant thought, for ever telling
How fair she is, all else excelling.

Bernard de Ventadour.

Albin.

Lays of the Minnesingers.

OPINION.

Where there is much desire to learn, there will of necessity be much arguing, much writing, many opinions; for opinion in good men is but knowledge in the waking.-Milton.

STUDY AND EDITORSHIP.

Study is a weariness without exercise, a laborious sitting still, that racks the inward and destroys the outward man; that sacrifices health to conceit, and clothes the soul with the spoils of the body; and, like a stronger blast of lightning, not only melts the sword, but consumes the scabbard

Nature allows man a great freedom, and never gave an appetite but to be instrumental of enjoyment, nor made a desire but in order to the pleasure of its satisfaction. But he that will encrease knowledge must be content not to enjoy, and not only to cut off the extravagances of luxury, but also to deny the lawful demands of convenience, to forswear delight, and look upon pleasure as his mortal enemy.

He must call that study that is indeed confinement; he must converse with solitude; walk, eat, and sleep, thinking; read volumes, devour the choicest authors, and (like Pharaoh's kine), after he has devoured all, look lean and meagre. He must be willing to be sickly, weak, and consumptive; even to forget when he is hungry, and to digest nothing but what he reads.

He must read much, and perhaps meet little; turn over much trash for one grain of truth; study antiquity till he feels the effects of it; and, like the cock in the fable, seek pearls in a dunghill, and, perhaps, rise to it as early. This is

"Esse quod Arcesilas aerumnasique Solones,"-to be always wearing a meditating countenance, to ruminate, mutter, and talk to a man's self for want of better company; in short, to do all those things which, in other men, are counted madness, but, in a scholar, pass for his profession. -South.

This ancient cup, with a handle and cover to it, exactly in the form of a modern tankard, is of oak, and has been lackered, especially in the inside, with a strong varnish, probably with a view to its preservation. It contains exactly two quarts of ale measure. Within-side there were originally eight pegs, which divided the contained liquor into equal quantities of half a pint each. The four uppermost of these pegs remain, and the holes from which the remaining four have fallen are discernible. On the lid is carved the

crucifixion, with the Virgin on une right, and St. John on the left of the cross. The knob on the handle, designed for raising the cover, represents a bunch of grapes. The twelve apostles are carved round the body of the cup, with their names on labels, under their respective figures. Each holds an open book, except St. Peter, who bears a key, St. John, who supports a chalice, and Judas Iscariot, who grasps at a purse. Beneath the labels of the apostles are birds, beasts, and full blown flowers of different kinds;