1770.

May.

During my ftay in this harbour, I caused the English colours to be displayed on fhore every day, and the fhip's name, and the date of the Saturd. 5. year, to be inscribed upon one of the trees near the watering-place.

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It is high-water here at the full and change of the moon about eight o'clock, and the tide rifes and falls perpendicularly between four and five feet.

1770. May.

CHAP. II.

The Range from Botany Bay to Trinity Bay; with a farther Account of the Country, its Inhabitants, and Productions.

A

T day-break, on Sunday the 6th of May 1770, we set fail from Botany Bay, with a Sunday 6. light breeze at N. W. which foon after coming to the fouthward, we steered along the fhore N. N. E.; and at noon, our latitude, by obfervation, was 33° 50' S. At this time we were between two and three miles diftant from the land, and a-breaft of a bay, or harbour, in which there appeared to be good anchorage, and which I called PORT JACKSON. This harbour lies three leagues to the northward of Botany Bay: the variation, by feveral azimuths, appeared to be 8° E. At fun-fet, the norther moft land in fight bore N. 26 E. and fome broken land, that feemed to form a bay, bore N. 40 W. diftant four leagues. This bay, which lies in latitude 33° 42', I called BROKEN BAY. We fteered along the fhore N. N. E. all night, at the distance of about three leagues from the land, having from thirty-two to thirty-fix fathom water, with a hard fandy bottom.

Soon

1770.

May.

Monday 7.

Soon after fun-rife on the 7th, I took several azimuths, with four needles belonging to the r azimuth compass, the mean refult of which gave the variation 7° 56′ E. At noon, our latitude, by observation, was 33° 22' S.: we were about, three leagues from the fhore; the northermoft land in fight bore N. 19 E. and fome lands which projected in three bluff points, and which, for that reafon, I called CAPE THREE POINTS, bore S. W. diftant five leagues. Our longitude from BOTANY Bay was 19' E. In the afternoon, we saw fmoke in feveral places upon the fhore, and in the evening, found the variation to be 8° 25' E. At this time we were between two and three miles from the fhore, in twenty-eight fathom; and at noon the next Tuesday 8. day, we had not advanced one step to the northward. We ftood off fhore, with the winds northerly, till twelve at night, and at the dif tance of about five leagues, had seventy fathom; at the distance of fix leagues we had eighty fathom, which is the extent of the foundings; for at the distance of ten leagues, we had no ground with 150 fathom.

The wind continuing northerly, till the morn- Thurfd. 10, ing of the 10th, we continued to stand in and off the shore, with very little change of fituation in other refpects; but a gale then springing up at S. W. we made the best of our way along the fhore to the northward. At fun-rife, our lati

1770. May.

tude was 33° 2' S. and the variation 8o E. At nine in the forenoon, we paffed a remarkable hill, Thurfd. 10, which stood a little way inland, and somewhat resembled the crown of a hat: and at noon, our latitude, by obfervation, was 32° 53'S., and our longitude 208° W. We were about two leagues distant from the land, which extended from

N.
41 E. to S. 41 W., and a small round rock,
or ifland, which lay clofe under the land, bore.
S. 82 W. diftant between three and four leagues.
At four in the afternoon, we passed, at the dis-
tance of about a mile, a low rocky point, which
I called POINT STEPHENS, on the north fide of
which is an inlet, which I called PORT STE-
PHENS: this inlet appeared to me, from the mast-
head, to be fheltered from all winds. It lies in
latitude 32° 40', longitude 207° 51′, and at
the entrance are three fmall islands, two of
which are high; and on the main near the fhore
are fome high round hills, which at a distance
appear like islands. In paffing this bay, at the
distance of two or three miles from the shore,
our foundings were from thirty-three to twenty-
feven fathom, from which I conjectured that
there must be a fufficient depth of water within
it. At a little diftance, within land, we faw
fmoke in several places; and at half an hour past
five, the northermost land in fight bore N. 36 E..
and Point Stephens S. W. diftant four leagues.
Our foundings in the night, were from forty-

1770.

May.

Thurfd. 10.

eight to fixty-two fathom, at the distance of between three and four leagues from the fhore, which made in two hillocks. This Point I called CAPE HAWKE: it lies in the latitude of 320 14 S., longitude 207° 30′ W.; and at four o'clock in the morning bore W. diftant about Friday 11. eight miles; at the fame time the northermoft land in fight bore N. 6 E. and appeared like an ifland. At noon, this land bore N. 8 E. the northermoft land in fight N. 13 E. and Cape Hawke S. 37 W. Our latitude, by obfervation, was 32° 2′ S. which was twelve miles to the fouthward of that given by the log; so that probably we had a current setting that way: by the morning amplitude and azimuth, the varia tion was 9° 10' E. During our run along the shore, in the afternoon, we saw smoke in feveral places, at a little diftance from the beach, and one upon the top of a hill, which was the firft we had feen upon elevated ground fince our arrival upon the coaft. At fun-fet, we had twenty-three fathom, at the diftance of a league and an half from the fhore: the northermoft land then bore N. 13 E. and three hills, remarkably large and high, lying contiguous to each other, and not far from the beach, N. N. W. As thefe hills bore fome refemblance to each other, we called them THE THREE BROTHERS. They lie in latitude 31° 40', and may be feen fourteen or fixteen leagues. We fteered N, E.

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