of the French, every perfon fees the expreffion of the national will. P. I faw yefterday, on a large fheet of paper, a number of fine nicknames, which they formerly gave to our kings; one was called the long, another the large, another the grofs, a fourth, the bald, a fifth, the fquinteyed, and a fixth, the hairy. P. G. It is true, my friends; you would not fuppofe it, but the courtiers were weak enough to find in thefe blemishes or accidental particularities, a motive for admiration. They took a mean pride in being long, large, grofs, like the king. This they called paying court to their mafter!' TH ANECDOTES of JOHN KYRLE, Esq; HIS gentleman, whom Mr. Pope's very fine lines will take down the fhoal of time as long as the English language remains, was defcribed, by a gentleman who knew him well, to be in perfon fix feet high, and very ftout in proportion; of a countenance very grave and ferious, refembling very much the portrait of him at a private house in Rofs. Mr. Kyrle was the fecond fon of his father, (whole family came originally from Mercle, in Herefordshire, where there is in the church a family vault belonging to them,) and was fuppofed to have been brought up to the law. He was a man of very active benevolence, and was the univerfal trustee and referee of his neighbourhood. His great amusement was to plant trees in the grounds of his neighbours, no lefs than in his own. He was very plain in his drefs, and was often feen with a hedge-bill in his hand. He purchased a good deal of land in the neighbourhood of Rofs, the hedge rows of which he used to plant with trees. He made a prefent to the church of Rofs of the prefent great bell; the fpire was built at the expence of the parish-the This will be enough to fatisfy both the admirers and detractors of the French conftitution, who have not had an opportunity of feeing the original. Every English reader will refer thefe paffages to Poor Richard's Almanack; and although there are undoubtedly in the French jeu d'ef prit a number of things happily conceived, and placed in a striking point of view, yet neither in that frankness nor drollery which fo much impreffes all claffes of readers, and particularly the lefs inftructed, does it, in our opinion, rival the production of the champion of American liberty. commonly called The MAN of Ross. caufeway that Mr. Pope celebrates, as well as the buildings that furround the profpect, were executed by subfcription. Every market-day he gave a good plain dinner to the farmers and gentlemen of the neighbourhood,with ale and cyder, and was a great preffer of his guests to eat.-Mifs Budd, a female relation of his, who lived with him, was a lady of a very delicate conftitution and ate little; by way of making her eat more, he used to afk his guefts (who knew his humour,)" Whether it was now the fashion to eat heartily?" they used to reply, "Yes," "Well then," faid he, " Mifs Budd, you fhould eat heartily; you hear that it is the fafhion to do fo now." He was of fuch rigid virtue, that when one day he prefented himself at the town-hall of Rofs, then converted into a playhoufe for fome ftrolling Comedians, and asked what there was to pay for his admiffion, the door-keeper told him, as a gentleman he must pay halfa-crown. This he thought too much, and went home and put on the dress in which he used to work with his labourers in the fields, and then asked how much he was to pay, and was was told fixpence. He entered the room, and was foon known to the fpectators, who asked him to come and take a front feat. "No," said he "that I will not do-Odds-budd (his usual oath) I have paid for a labourer's feat, and I will have one." Mr. Kyrle died at eighty-two, and was buried in the church of Rofs, and at the feet of his old friend the Reverend Dr. Whiting, Rector of the parish, as he defired. The corpfe layed in ftate before it was interred, and was followed to the grave by the principal perfons of the neighbourhood, the great bell then ringing out for the first time. The last thing that is remembered of this refpectable man was, his-being carried out in an armed chair, at a very advanced age, to fee a houfe that he was building in Rofs. The King's arms inn in that place was his dwelling house, and in one of the rooms there is a copy of a picture of him, taken by stealth as he fat in church, a few years before he died. He is reprefented in a long wig and morning gown. This picture has never yet been decently engraved.— On the walls that furround the profpect at Rofs, there ftill remain the cypher of his name, and his coat of arms; they are placed upon the pediment of two doors, ornamented with Corinthian columns. The bafon is filled up. The beginning of his laft will is very folemn: In the name of God, Amen. I John Kyrle, of Rofs, in the county of Hereford, Efq; being very antient, but of found and difpofing mind and memory and understanding, (thanks be given to Almighty God for the fame,) confidering the incident infirmities of old age, and the uncertainty of human life, being willing and defirous to fettle things in order, do make and ordain this my laft will and teftament in manner and form following; that is to fay, Firft and principally, I commend my foul into the hands of God that gave it to me, hoping and affuredly believing, that by the meritorious death and paffion of my bleffed Lord and Saviour Jefus Chrift, I fhall receive free and abundant remiffion and forgivennefs of all my fins, and be made a partaker of those heavenly manfions which he has prepared for his elect before the beginning of the world; and my body I recommend to the earth from whence it was taken, to be interred in the chancel of Rofs church, in fuch decent and chriftian-like manner as to my executors fhall feem meet and convenient." Amongst other legacies, Mr. Kyrle leaves forty pounds to purchase 40 fhillings a year freehold for the charity fchool of Rofs.— Having in his life-time provided for Mifs Budd, his relation who lived with him, he leaves her ten pounds, for mourning, and by a codicil, he leaves fome legacies to his fervants and work-people. But, however, as " curæ non ipfa in morte relinquunt," he does not even in his laft will forget his dear trees; for he fays, "Having planted fruit and other trees, which are as well ornamental as beneficial to my estate, I do hereby direct, order, and defire, that no wilful wafte or deftruction fhall be committed thereon, by defacing or cutting down the timbertrees before they come to their perfection. I direct and order that my coppice wood called Dymock's wood (the fame having been planted, preferved, and raised by my great care and induftry for the improvement of the premifes) fhall not, at any time hereafter, be fallen under 16 years, that being the moft proper and advantageous time for the cutting thereof." Mr. Kyrle planted several trees in the hedge-rows near the Profpect, and built a fummer-houfe oppofite to a very beautiful wood on a hill. In 1 In the infide was painted a man's hand with a bird in it, pointing to the grove, with this motto, "Si non tibi, non ibi,"-" Were not that grove there, this building would not have been here." It is now taken down. Mr. Kyrle died at the age of 82. There is a handfome monument erected to his memory in the chancel of the church of Rofs. The infcription tells merely, that John Kyrle, Efq; (commonly called the Man of Rois) died and is buried near this place. It appears by a deed in the poffeffion of a gentleman of Rofs, that Mr. Kvrle's hand-writing nearly refembled that of Oliver Cromwell, appended to the death-warrant of Charles the Firft. Dr. Johnfen, with his ufual juftness of obfervation on every thing that relates to life and manners, fays very well in his life of Mr. Pope, "The praife of the Man of Rofs deferves particular examination, who, after a long and pompous enumeration of his public works and private charities, is faid to have diffufed all those bleflings from five hundred pounds a year. Wonders are willingly told, and willingly heard. The truth is, that Kyrle was a man of known integrity and active benevolence, by whofe folicitation the wealthy were perfuaded to pay contributions to his charitable fchemes. This influence he obtained by an example of liberality exerted to the utmoft extent of his power, and was thus enabled to give more than he had. This account Mr. Victor received from the Minister of the place, and I have preferved it, that the praise of a good man being made more credible, may be more folid." On replacing the SUGAR of the CANE by the SUGAR of MAPLE BY M. DE WARVILLE. N this continent, my friend, fo polluted and tormented with flavery, Providence has placed two powerful and infallible means of deftroying this evil. The means are, the focieties of which we have been fpeaking, and the fugar-maple. Of all vegetables containing fugar, this maple, after the fugar-cane, contains the greatest quantity. It grows naturally in the United States, and may be propagated with great facility. All America feems covered with it, from Canada to Virginia; it becomes more rare at the fouthward, on the east of the mountains; but it is found in abundance in the back country. Such is the beneficent tree which has, for a long time, recompenfed the happy colonists, whofe pofition deprived them of the delicate fugar of our islands. themfelves with beltowing very little They have till lately contented labour on the manufacture, only bringing it to a ftate of common coarse fugar; but fince the Quakers have difcerned in this production the means of deftroying flavery, they have felt the neceffity of carrying it to perfection; and fuccefs has crowned their endeavours. You know, my friend, all the difficulties attending the cultivation of the cane. It is a tender plant; it has many enemies, and requires conftant care and labour to defend it from numerous accidents: add to thefe, the painful efforts that the preparation and manufacture cofts to the wretched Africans; and, on comparing these to the advantages of the maple, you will be convinced, by a new argument, that much pains are often taken to commit unprofitable crimes. The maple maple is produced by nature; the fap to be extracted, requires no preparatory labour; it runs in February and March, a season unfuitable for other rural operations. Each tree, without injury to itself, gives twelve or fifteen gallons, which will produce at least five pounds of fugar. A man aided by four children, may cafily, during four weeks running of the fap, make fifteen hundred pounds of fugar.* Advantages, like thefe, have not failed to excite the attention of the friends of humanity; so that, befides the focieties formed for the abolition of flavery, another is formed, whofe express object is to perfect this valuable production. Mr. Drinker of Philadelphia, made, laft year, fixty barrels of maple fugar on his eftate on the Delaware; and he has published a pamphlet on the best method of proceeding in this manufacture. Edward Pennington, of Philadelphia, formerly a refiner in the WeftIndies, has declared this fugar equal to that of the islands, in grain, colour, and tafte. The cultivators in the ftate of NewYork perceive, in an equal degree, the advantages of this production; they have made, this year, a great quantity of fugar, and brought it to great perfection. Whenever there fhall form from north to fouth a firm coalition, an ardent emulation to multiply the produce of this divine tree, and efpecially when it fhall be deemed an impiety to deftroy it, not only America may fupply herfelf, but the may fill the markets of Europe with a fugar, the low price of which will ruin the fale of that of the islands-a produce washed with the tears and the blood of flaves. What an astonishing effect it would produce to naturalize this tree through all Europe! In France, we might plant them at twenty feet diftance, in a kind of orchard, which would at the fame time produce pafture, fruits, and other vegetables. In this manner an acre would contain 140 trees, which, even when young, would produce three pounds of fugar a-year. This would give 420 pounds the acre, which, at three-pence fterling the pound, and deducting one half for the labour, would yield annually 521. 6s. fterling, clear profit; befide other productions, which thefe trees would not impede. This calculation might be reasonably carried much higher; but *M. Lanthenas, one of the most enlightened defenders of the blacks in France, has made fome calculations on this fubject, which cannot be too often repeated. Suppofing, fays he, that a family will produce in a feafon 1500lb. of fugar, 80,000 families will produce, and that with a very little trouble, a quantity equal to what is exported from St. Domingo in the most plentiful year, which is reckoned at one hundred and twenty millions. This fuppofes twenty millions of trees, rendering five pounds each, eftimating the acre of the United States at 38,476 fquare feet of France; and fuppofing the trees planted at feven feet diftance, about 30,000 acres appropriated to this ufe, would fuffice for the above quantity of fugar. + Some of the following falls took place in 1789 and 1790, as my friends have written me from Philadelphia. I thought proper to infert them in this letter, to which they belong. A farmer has published, that no less than three millions of the maple trees are deftroyed annually in clearing the lands in the fingle ftate of New-York. It is certainly worthy the care of every legislature in the union, to prevent the deftruction of fo ufeful a tree, which feems to have been planted by the hand of heaven, for the confolation of man. but I chufe to keep it as low as poffible.* Thus we should obtain a profitable production in Europe, and diminish fo many ftrokes of the whip, which our luxury draws upon the blacks. Why is it, that, in our capital, where the delicacy of fentiment is fometimes equal to that of fenfation, no focietics are formed, whofe object should be to fweeten their coffee with a fugar not embittered by the idea of the exceffive tears, cruelties, and crimes, without which these productions have not been hitherto procured? an idea which cannot fail to prefent itself to the imagination of every humane and enlightened man. Our devotees, our ignorant and inhuman priests, who never fail to be great lovers of coffee aud fugar, would, by these means, be faved from the horrible part which they take in the most enormous crime on which the fun ever fhone. In confuming thefe articles, do they not encourage thofe whofe guilt is more direct in the operation of producing them? and yet, with what coldness, with what culpable indifference, do thefe pious men look upon our fociety of the friends of the blacks! The author ought to bave carried the idea further. The fugar maple for fuel is equal to the best oak; for cabinet work, and many fimilar ufes, it is fu perior to most of the species of wood ufed in Europe; as a tree of ornament and pleasure, it is at leaft equal to the elm or poplar. How many millions of young trees, for the above uses, are planted every year in all parts of Europe, to renew and perpetuate the forefts, the public and private gardens and parks, to border the great roads. &c. for all these purposes the fugar maple might be planted, and the juice to be drawn from it might be reckoned a clear profit to the world. The experiment of M Noailles, in his garden at St. Germains, proves that this American tree would fucceed well in Europe. TRANSLATOR. The EXCELLENT PREACHER: An ANECDOTE. Extracted from a Work lately published in London, entitled, "Curiofities of Literature." A Young preacher, who had a very handfome mien, a melodious voice, a graceful action, and all the other agreeable charms which please in decl nation, having mounted the pulpit, fuddenly loft his memory, and not a word of the fermon could he recollect. To quit the pulpit would have been difhonourable; to fpeak was more difficult, for he had nothing to say. What was to be done in this extremity? He refolved to remain collected, and to make the best ufe of his voice and action, without pronouncing any thing but unconnected words, imperfect sentences, and pathetic exclamations; fuch as, fors, buts, ifs, yets, obs, abs, you'll please to obferve, &c. Never did a preacher appear with more grace and animation. He expanded his lungs; he made pathetic exclamations, and waved his hand in a thousand graceful manners, The pulpit fhook; and the vault of the church, which was vaft, re-echoed to all the vociferations he sent forth. The audience preferved a profound filence; every one inclined his ear, and redoubled his attention to catch fentences which were never spoken. Thofe who fat near the pulpit faid, "We are too near; we cannot hear a fentence!" Those who fat remote, complained of the diftance, which caufed them to lofe the most wonderful fermon they ever heard. In a word, our preacher kept his auditors in this manner for three-quarters of an hour, all of them complaining of |