272; to Albany conference, 1903,
282.

Costello, Edward P., 406.

Costello, Patrick F., member of pro-

canal committee of Binghamton, 385.
Costello, Thomas M., of Altmar, dele-
gate to Buffalo convention, 1901,
272; advocates improvement of Os-
wego canal, 277.

Coughlin, Cornelius, canal advocate,
216.

Countryman, Judge Edwin, 170.
Cox, Robert Lynn, of Buffalo, 333
note; speech on barge canal bill,
cited, 338; at dinner of Buffalo
Merchants' Exchange, 341; active
in canal campaign, 386-387.
Coykendell, E. R., of Rondout, 299.
Crandall, Orville A., 392.

Crane, George F., canal advocate, 339.
Crane, T. F., presides at banquet of
Ithaca Business Men's Association,

Croton river, 147.

Crowley, Richard, address at Lock-

port canal meeting, quoted, 380.
Crusoe creek, 257.

Cullen, Thomas C., votes for barge
canal bill, 336.

Cullinan, Patrick W., 277, 360, 423;

member of executive committee of
New York State Waterways Asso-
ciation, 425.

Culver, A. E., 184.

Cunneen, John, secretary of State
Commerce convention, 1899, 246; at
barge canal hearings, 253, 255; dele-
gate to Syracuse convention, 261;
secretary of Buffalo convention,
272; leader in barge canal cam-
paign, 345; attorney general, 392;
speaks at canal dinner of Buffalo
Chamber of Commerce, 396.
Curwood, J. O., quoted. 113.
Cuyler, W. T., of Livingston, 184.

Dams, difficulties of construction, mov-

able dams along the Mohawk, 414-
416.

Dana, George S., of Utica, delegate to
Buffalo convention, 1901, 272.
Dana, Paul, 304.
Danforth, Frank L., 292.
"Daniel Drew," steamboat, 177.
Daniels, Judge Charles, 392.
Daniels, George H., address before the
Utica Chamber of Commerce, cited,
307, 308; anti-canal pamphlets, cited,
313; statement concerning railroad
rates, 307, 308, 326, 494.
Darrison, John T., at Lockport canal
meeting,

Dansville, NY., 164.

Darby, William, letter to, from Simeon
DeWitt, quoted, 64; letter to, from
James Geddes, quoted, 141-142.

Dauphin, Pa., business ruined by loss
of canals, 378, 479.
Davidson, John N., 353.

Davis, George A., chairman of N. Y.
Senate Canal committee, 170; canal
advocate, 216; at dinner to Gov.
Roosevelt, 251; supports barge
canal survey bill, 256; introduces
Odell referendum measure in Sen-
ate, 268; introduces canal referen.
dum bill, 1902, 272; modification of
barge canal bill, 1903, 283; presides
over hearings on Davis-Bostwick
bill, 291;
letter to, from Alfred
Noble, quoted, 300; at conference
of canal advocates, 303; votes for
favorable report of barge canal bill,
317; secures priority for barge ca-
nal bill over Lewis bill and excise
and mortgage tax bills, 317-318;
speech in defense of Davis-Bostwick
bill, quoted, 327-330; votes for bill,
336; present at signing of bill by
Gov. Odell, 339; at dinner of Buf
falo Merchants' Exchange, 341;
member of Constitutional conven-
tion, 1894, 392.
Davis, Gherardi, 251.

Davis, Henry G., U. S. Senator, 452.
Davis, Thaddeus C., 169.

re-

Davis-Bostwick canal bill, 283-339;
second hearing, 289; third hearing,
299; opposition of the press, 309;
papers supporting bill, 310;
ported out of Senate Canal commit-
tee, 317; given priority over Lewis
bill, 317; Senator Lewis's speech
opposing bill, quoted, 319-322; Sen-
ator Hill's reply, quoted, 322-327;
Senator Davis's speech supporting.
quoted, 327-330; Senator Grady's
speeches, quoted, 331-332; bill passed
by Senate, 335; senators voting for
bill, 336; passed by Assembly, 337-
339; approved by Gov. Odell, 339;
provisions of bill, 469-470.

Day, David F., canal advocate, 216.
Dead creek, 131.

Dean, Benjamin S., of Jamestown, ad-
dress at Clymer, quoted, 345; leader
in the barge canal campaign, 345;
address at Three River Point,
quoted, 358-359; addresses meeting
at Lily Dale, 359; address at Dun-
kirk, quoted, 375-376.

Dean, David M., speaks at banquet of
Ithaca Business Men's Association,

402.

"Dean Richmond," steamboat, 177.
De Berard, Frederick B., 254.
Deerfield, N. Y., Gov. Seymour's
home, 354.

Dekanoge, village of the Maquas, 30.
Delahunt, Edward, 392.

De Lancey, E. F., lieut.-governor of
N. Y., report to Secretary Robinson,
quoted, 35-36.

Delaware & Chesapeake canal, 435.
Delaware & Hudson canal, 171, 419.
Delaware & Hudson railroad, 178.
Delaware co., N. Y., taxes and school
fund, 450.

Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R.

R. Company, litigation, 213; engi-
neers employed in construction, 398.
Delaware river, 179; conservation of
water power, 408.

Delta, N. Y., reservoir, 401.

Dempsey, S. Wallace, speaks at Lock-
port canal meeting, 380.

Dennie, Joseph, tribute to Gen. Schuy
ler, 61.

Denonville, Jacques Réné de Brisay,
Marquis de, built fort at Ironde
quoit bay, 30.
Depew, Chauncey M., speech on ca-
nals, quoted, 215, 453; speaks at
banquet, 222; opinion that railroads
would benefit by increased traffic be-
cause of canal improvement, 483.
Desfontaines drum, 414.
Detroit, Canal convention, 1865, 201-

Dey, Donald, president of Syracuse
Business Men's Association, 454.
Dickens, Charles, comment on Lake
Champlain, 179.

Diehl, Conrad, mayor of Buffalo, 248.
Dietrich, George, of Rochester, 386.
Dismal Swamp canal, no tonnage du
ties, 130.

Dobbs, Willoughby B., of New York,
406.

Dodge, Leonard, president of the Buf-
falo Merchants' Exchange, 292;
leader in barge canal campaign, 345;
member of Canal Enlargement As-
sociation of Western New York,
387; at canal dinner of Chamber
of Commerce, 396; address at din-
ner of Buffalo Merchants' Exchange,
quoted, 341-342.

Dodge, William E., 251, 253;, mem-

ber of New York Chamber of Com-
merce, 298.

Dongan, Thomas, governor N. Y. col.,
30.

Dooling, John T., amendment to barge
canal bill, 337-

Dooling, Peter A., votes for barge ca.
nal bill, 336.

Dorrity, Thomas, speaks at Buffalo
convention, 271.

Dorsheimer, Philip, state treasurer,

Buffalo convention, 1901, 271, 272;
member of Committee on Canals
and Harbors, 293; leader in barge
canal campaign, 345; opposed to
federal control of canals, 458.
Dudley, H. T., of Malone, barge canal
advocate, 385.

Duer, William A., supports canal bill,

91, 93.

Dugid, H. L., 191.

Dunkirk, N. Y., 266-267; press sup;
ports barge canal bill, 310; canal
meeting, 1903, 375-376, 468; joint
debate, 376; factories, 481.
Dunkirk Herald, supports barge canal
measure, 375, 383.

Dunn, Thomas B., speech before Roch-
ester Chamber of Commerce, quoted,
374; state treasurer, 418.

Durant (Durand), Rev. John, memo-

rial relative to the French post at
Niagara, cited, 19.

Dutch, in New York province, 3-5;
development of inland trade by, 14-
21; friendly relations with Mo-
hawks, 16; rivalry with French-
Canadians, 19.

Durham boats, 28.

Dutch West India Company, incorpor
ated, 13; reports made in 1629 and

1649, cited, 14; monopoly of trade
done away with, 15, 20.

Duvall, George L., canal advocate, 339-

Eames, James C., canal advocate, 339.
East Cayuga, canal to, 148.
East River, 456.

Easton, W. B., of Cattaraugus co.,
384.

Eaton, D. H., of New York, 184.
Eaton, R. A., of Buffalo, 292.
Eddy, Thomas, member of Western
Inland Lock Navigation Company,
58; treasurer, 61; communication
to Samuel Osgood, cited, 69; canal
commissioner, 72, 79, 81, 439;
committee to draft memorial of citi-
zens of New York, 85.
Edgerton, Hiram H., mayor of Roch-
ester, 386.

on

Edson, Franklin, 212; member of ca-
nal commission, 241; at dinner
given to Gov. Roosevelt, 251; speaks
at Syracuse convention, 261; mem-
ber of Canal committee, 263; dele-
gate to Buffalo convention, 1901,

272.

Edson, Obed, of Chautauqua co., 383.
Edward, Fort. See Fort Edward.
Elbe river, 442.
Elbe-Trave canal, siphon locks, 413;
cost, 511.

Electric equipment of canals, sug
gested, 279-281; objections to, 329.
"Elide," steamboat, 178.

Elkens, James, trades near Fort Or-
ange, 15.

Ellicott, Joseph, estimate of cost of
canals, 78; survey from Holland
purchase to Buffalo south of ridge,
87, 104, 105; canal commissioner,

440.

quoted, 190-191.

Ely, Alfred, vice-president of Roches-
ter convention, 184.

Ely, W. Caryl, 341, 343; presides at
canal dinner of Buffalo Chamber of
Commerce, 396.

Emery, Edward K., canal advocate,
216.

Emott, James, votes against canal bill,
93.

Endres, Mathias, canal advocate, 216.
Engineering News, cited, 288, 373;
quoted, 294-295.

Engineers identified with waterways of
New York, 394.

England, canals, 60, 297, 325, 383,
434, 500, 511.

English, in New York province, 3-5.
Erb, Henry, of Buffalo, 292.
Erie canal, foretold by Gouverneur
Morris, 40; not projected by Inland
Lock Navigation companies, 62; first
suggested by Gouverneur Morris, 64;
first legislation, 71; the "Grand'
canal takes shape, 72-81; first sug
gestion credited to several people,
74-77, 439; legislative progress, 81-
95; original cost, 86; bill authoriz
ing building of canal passed, 92-94;
construction period, 95-102; work
commenced at Rome, 98, 354, 357,
440; dimensions, 101; problems
and controversies, 102-118; various
routes surveyed, 103-105; contro-
versy over western terminal, 104-
113 decision in favor of Buffalo
creek, 110, 112; resources and reve-
nues, 118-127; cost of transporta-
tion, 120-121; tolls, 1820-1825, 122;
political phases, 127-140; impetus to
business, 127; engineering problems,
140-151; bridges, 140; length, 142;
dimensions, 144; celebration of com-
pletion, beginning of passenger traf-
fic, 145; enlargement and recon.
struction, 151-155; tonnage and
tolls, 1857, 183; American Bos-
phorus," 188; proposed enlarge-
ment, 198, 200, 235; Seymour plan
for deepening, 205; bills for in-
creasing lockage capacity, 208, 212;
locks enlarged, 213-214, 229;
vision for deepening canal, 228; bill
for purchase by national govern-
ment, 235; improvement proposed,
238; urged by State Commerce con-
vention, 247; bills for improve-

pro-

ment, 1901, 268-270; 1902, 272-273,
275; regulates transportation rates,
274-275; operation by electric power
proposed by Warner Miller, 279;
appeal for federal aid, 1808, 324;
what the canal has done for the
state, 358, 368, 438, 443; Supreme
court decision that Erie canal is an
interstate commerce route, 380-381;
water from the Elbe, Thames, Seine
and Tagus rivers mingled in Erie
canal, 442; dimensions of canal,
444; competitive influence, 452; ton-
nage in 1893, 462; no material im-
provement in thirty years, 473. See
also Barge canal.

Erie co., N. Y., senators vote for barge
canal bill, 335; members of Consti-
tutional convention, 1894, 392; vote
on barge canal question, 393; taxes,
449; population, 481.

Erie, Lake, survey of south shore, 25;
canal to Lake Ontario projected, 62;
vessels enrolled at ports, 108-109;
compared with Lake Ontario, 296;
navigated by Indians, 427.

Esser, John, delegate to Syracuse con-
vention, 261.

Essex co., N. Y., petition for exten-
sion of Champlain canal, 134; iron
deposits, 301.

Evans, Edwin T., canal advocate, 293,

Farrington, William Hyatt, 304.
Fairchild, Charles S., 298, 304.
Fassett, Theodore S., delegate to
Syracuse convention, 261; to Buf-
falo convention, 272; addresses
meeting of canal committee of Buf-
falo Merchants' Exchange, 292; at
dinner of Merchants' Exchange, 341;
address at banquet of Tonawanda
Board of Trade, quoted, 344-345;
efforts for canal improvement, and
death, 345; address at Lockport ca
nal meeting, quoted, 380; identified
with canal affairs, 391.

Fay, John D., engineer, 395.
Fellows, Charles L., 406.
Fenton, Reuben E., governor of New
York, quoted, 185.
Ferguson, Frank C., 292.

Filkins, S. E., of the Medina Business

Men's Association, speaks at Buffalo
convention, 1901, 271.

Fillmore, Millard, vice-president of ca-
nal convention, 204; state comptrol-
ler, 392.

Fiscal policy of New York state, 223-

Flint creek, navigable, 21.

Florida canal, 435.

Flower, Roswell P., governor of New

York, veto of canal improvement
bill, 218.

Foley, Samuel J., opposes Lewis bill,
304; votes for Davis-Bostwick bill,
336.

Foot, A. D. and R. D., complaint

against the Utica and Black River
R. R. Co., 210.

Ford, William D., report from joint
committee on canals, 89; introduces
canal bill, 90-91.
Fordham, Silas, 175.

Forest preserves, constitutional amend-

ment regarding, 406-407; necessary
to provide water for canals, 407-408.
Forestport, N. Y., 361.

Forman, Joshua, resolution in Assem-
bly, providing for canal survey, 71,

439.

Fort Anne, 60; locks at, 156; im.
provements, 158.

Fort Bull, trading post, 18; men-
tioned, 36, 37, 58, 409; portage, 410.
Fort Covington, N. Y., 385.
Fort Edward (Fort Lidius), trading
post, 18. 40; canal to Lake Cham-
plain proposed, 47-48.

Fort Edward creek, terminus of Cham-
plain canal, 131, 258; dam across
Hudson river, 133.

Fort Erie, 64.

Fort Frederick, trading post, 18.
Fort Miller, petition for extension of
Champlain canal to, 134; improve-
ments at, 158.

Fort Miller falls, dam above, 133.
Fort Nassau, established by Henry
Christiaensen, 13; trading post, 18.
Fort Newport, 58.

Fort Onondaga, trading post, 18.
Fort Ontario, Oswego, trading post, 18.

Fort Orange, built, 15; Van Curler's
trip from Fort Orange to Oneida,
17; trade from Genesee county to,

21.

Fort Oswego, British garrison at, 44.
Fort Qyius (or Lidius). See Fort
Edward.

Fort Schuyler (formerly Fort Stan-
wix), visited by Washington, 41; ca-
nal proposed by Christopher Colles,
42; canal opened, 59.

Fort Stanwix (Stanix, now Rome),
trading post, 18; portage, 22, 76;
visited by David Ramsay, 25; by
Augustus Porter, 26; built, 36;
sluices at, 37-38; proposal to dis-
continue, 38; visited by Elkanah
Watson,
44-45; mentioned, 409;

portage, 410.
Forward, Oliver, member of Harbor
Association, 106, 109.

Fosbinder, Harris, canal advocate, 293.
Foster, Oscar S., of Utica, 425.
Fowler, George, member of pro-canal
committee of Binghamton, 385.
Fowler, Samuel, amendment to barge
canal bill, 337.

Fox, Winthrop, boats owned by, 109.
Fox and Wisconsin rivers ship canal,
458.

France, canals, 115, 315, 434, 500, 510.
Francis, John M., canal advocate, 310.
Franklin co., N. Y., petition for ex-

tension of Champlain canal, 134;
barge canal advocates, 385.

Frauds, in connection with the canals,
166-176.

Frederick, Fort. See Fort Frederick.
Freer, W. H., of Troy, delegate to
Buffalo convention, 1901, 272.
Freight rates, on New York Central
railroad, 307, 308, 326; on Erie ca-
nal, on proposed barge canal, 326;
comparison of rates from New York
to Buffalo, and from New York to
Pittsburg, 361, 477; comparison of
canal and railroad rates, 366, 451,
460, 498-501; differential rates, dis-
criminating against New York, 472-
473, and note.
French, hostile invasions from north
of Lake Ontario, 17-18; rivalry
with Dutch in fur trade, 19; strug-
gle for control of trade with Five
Nations, 28-29.

Freycinet, Chas. Louis de Saulces de,
Minister of Public Works of France,

letter to Gouverneur Morris, esti-
mating cost of transportation, 83-84.
Fulton, N. Y., 294.

Fur-trade, "Memorial concerning furr-
trade,' by Cadwallader Colden,
quoted, 9-11; advantages of New
York waterways, 11; rivalry be-
tween Dutch and French, 19.

Gage, Lyman J., 304.

Gage, Major-Gen. Thomas, letter to
the Earl of Shelburne, quoted, 38.
Gallagher, Edward, canal advocate,
216.

Gallatin, Albert, "Report on roads and

canals, 1807," quoted, 67-68; cited,
78, 295

Gallery, James, of Monroe co., 184.
Ganson, John, canal advocate, 216.
Gardner, Benjamin, at Canandaigua,
1789, 27.

Glass, James J., 184.

Gardner, Frank S., secretary of Union
for the Improvement of Canals, 205,
217; member of executive commit-
tee, 209; delegate to convention,
212; secretary of State Commerce
convention, 1899, 246; at dinner
given to Gov. Roosevelt, 251;

sur-

vey bill prepared by, 253; delegate
to barge canal hearings, 254; secre-
tary of Buffalo convention, 1901,
272; argument against ship canal,
quoted, 305-306; secretary of New
York Board of Trade and Transpor
tation, 369; canal papers, cited, 389
note; drafts forestry amendment to
constitution, 407; drafts bill creat-
ing Water-supply Commission, 407;
secretary of New York State Water-
ways Association, 425.

Garin, Col. G. Lewis, engineer of
Champlain canal, 87.

Gates, Daniel, at Canandaigua, 1789,

27.

Gates, Francis H., of Madison co.,
317; votes for barge canal bill, 336.
Gear, W. H. H., engineer, 394.
Geddes, George, paper on canals, cited,

74.

Geddes, James, engineer, conversation

with Jesse Hawley, 64; report to
surveyor-general, 72, 73, 78, 295;
credited with first suggestion of
Erie canal, 74; statement on engi-
neering problems, 86; engineer for
western section of Erie canal, 87,
102, 104, 105; favors Black Rock
terminus, 108; attends hearing on
terminus, 110; report, 1821, 111;
services acknowledged by canal com-
missioners, 125; surveys Champlain
canal route, 131; letter to William
Darby concerning Irondequoit em-
bankment, quoted, 141-142; ranks
as an engineer, 142; survey of
route through Mohawk valley, 143;
one of chief engineers of Erie ca-
nal, 394:

Geddes, N. Y., canal lock, 207.
Genesee country, navigable rivers and
lakes, 22, 25.

Genesee co., citizens petition for ca-
nal, 85; vote on barge canal ques
tion, 387; price of wheat increased
by cheap transportation, 443.
Genesee Falls, portage, 24.
Genesee river, navigable, 21, 22; aque-
duct, 102, 151; embankment to con-
duct waters across Irondequoit val-
ley, 141-142; proposed canal to
Scottsville, 164; barge canal cross-
ing, 257, 503; conservation of water
power, 408.

Genesee valley, Seneca Indians in, 6.
Genesee valley canal, survey author-

ized, 146; petitions for canal, 163;
constructed, 164-166; fraud in con-
struction, 167; sale authorized, 193.
Geneseo, N. Y., 27.

Geneva, N. Y. (formerly Kanada-
saga), trading post, 18; forty-ton
sloop launched at, 24; Augustus
Porter's account of, 26-27; petition
of citizens for canal, 85; freight
carried from in 1893, 454.

George, Lake, 177, 427, .456.
Georgian Bay-Ottawa ship canal, 12,
199 note, 200, 435.

German Flats, canal, built, 61, 62,
439; locks rebuilt, 61; citizens pe-
tition for Erie canal, 85.

Germany, canals, 115-117, 315, 434.
510-511.

Gerst, Philip, canal advocate, 216.
Gilbert, John I., of Malone, barge ca.

nal advocate, 385..

Giles, W. N., of Schenectady, 289.
Gill, Valentine, surveyor, 103.

Gold, Thomas R., chairman of Joint
Committee on Canals, 71, 77.
Goldsmith, Isaac I., member of pro-
canal committee of Binghamton, 385.
Glens Falls, N. Y., 301.

Glens Falls feeder, cost, 133; work
on, 135; length, 142; rebuilt, 156-
157.
Goodsall, Louis F., votes for barge ca.
nal bill, 336.

Goodsell, J. Platt, engineer, 394.
Goodsell, Thomas, engineer, 394.
Goodyear, Charles W., 392.

Goss, Charles S., state comptroller,
418.

Gould, Allen A., of Chautauqua co.,
383.

Grady, Thomas F., supports canal sur
vey bill, 256; opposes Lewis bill,
304; work in support of barge ca-
nal bill, speeches quoted, 331-332;
votes for bill, 336; credit from press
for work for canal bill, 337; speaks
at canal dinner of Buffalo Chamber
of Commerce, 396.

Graeff, James M., of Essex co., favors
enlargement of Champlain canal,
301, 302; at conference of canal
advocates, 303.

Grand Island, survey, 130.
Grangers, opposed to barge canal, 355.
Gratwick, William H., 423; member
of executive committee of New York
State Waterways Association, 425.
Gravesend bay, 147.