work in the least time, every thing, there-
fore, is made flighter than formerly; and
each mafter manufacturer being eager to
reap the benefit of employing many hands,
fells his commodity at the lowest price,,
that he may fell proportionably a greater
quantity: If they do not at last sell a great
quantity after thus reducing the quality, A
and the price of the commodity, which
muft often happen, they fink, and as many
cannot fell a great quantity, and as felling
a great quantity can alone enable them to
fubfift, a monopoly of trade neceffarily ri-
fes, and a general poverty must ensue.

As a remedy for thefe evils, the author
propofes, that landed estates shall defcend B
to all a man's children, as they do now to
daughters, that the quantity of ground iet
to one farm fhall be limited, and ako the
number of journeymen and manufacturers
employed by one trader.

Eftates being then divided into reasonable portions, the owners would refide upon

them, and not dangle after court favour; the rent paid by tenants to their landlords would circulate among them again imme. diately, and tradesmen would be enabled to fettle and live in the places of their nativity, and not crowd to London in quest of subfiftence. Londen would also be benefitted

profe, serious and comic. Among the profe are several pieces that disclose many fecret fprings of action in the critical year 1710, when the late Queen Anne thought fit to change her miniftry, and feveral anecdotes relating to the great men of that time, and the memorable peace of Utrecht. There are alfo feveral fermons, one in particular upon the excellence of Chriflianity in oppofition to Heathen Philofophy; and a confiderable number of letters between the Dean and several perfons of great emi

nence.

From the ferious part of this mifcellany we have selected the characters of the late Lord Bolingbroke, and the Earl of Oxford.

It happens to very few men, in any age or country, to come into the world with fo many advantages of nature and fortune, as the late fecretary Bolingbroke; Defcended from the first families in England, beir to a great patrimonial estate, of a found con

cftitution, and most graceful, amiable per

in its turn, for being cleared of idle rich D people, there would be an end of the innumerable diverfions and diffipations which though intended for the aggregation of opulent perfons, who are no otherwife engaged than to attend upon them, do eventually feduce the trader from his shop and compting-house to his ruin. Trade in general would flourish, being more extended over the face of the country, and London would still be the center, furnishing commodities wholesale to the retailers in other places.

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The author also proposes, that the waste lands in England, of which there is still a great quantity, fhould be granted in parcels at the difcretion of the legislature, to poor F girls marrying in the parishes where they

1

fon: But ali thefe, had they been of equal value, were infinitely below, in degree, to the accomplishments of his mind, which was adorned with the choicest gifts that God hath yet thought fit to bestow upon the children of men; a ftrong memory, a clear judgment, a vast range of wit and fancy, a thorough comprehenfion, an invincible eloquence, with a most agreeable elocution. He had well cultivated all thefe talents by travel and study, the latter of which he feldom omitted, even in the midft of his pleasures, of which he had in- | deed been too great and criminal a purfuer: For, although he was perfuaded to leave off intemperance in wine, which he did for fome time to fuch a degree that he feemed rather abftemious; yet he was faid to allow himself other liberties, which can by no means be reconciled to religion or morals; whereof, I have reason to believe, he began to be fenfible. But he was fond of mixing pleature and bufiness, and of being esteemed excellent at both; upon which account he had a great respect for the characters of Alcibiades and Petronius, especially the latter, whom he would gladly be thought to refemble. His detractors charged him with fome degree of affe&ation, and, perhaps, not altogether without grounds; fince it was hardly poffible for a young man, with half the business of the nation upon him, and the applause of the whole, to escape fome tincture of that infirmity. He had been early bred in businefs, was a most artful negociator, and perfectly understood foreign affairs. But what I have often wondered at in a man of his temper, was, his prodigious applica tion, whenever he thought it neceffary; for he would plod whole days and nights. like the lowest clerk in an office. His talent of fpeaking in public, for which

W

he

was so very much celebrated, I know nothing of, except from the informations of others; but understanding men, of both parties, have assured me, that in this point, in their memory and judgment, he was never equalled.

The Earl of Oxford is a person of as much virtue, as can poffibly confift with A the love of power; and his love of power is no greater than what is common to men of his fuperior capacity; neither did any man ever appear to value it lefs, after he had obtained it, or exert it with more moderation. He is the only inftance that ever fell within my memory, or obfervation, of a perfon paffing from a private B life, through the fever ai ftages of greatness, without any perceiveable impression upon his temper or behaviour. As his own

er to three fucceffive parliaments; which office I have often heard his enemies allow him to have executed with univerfal applaufe: His fagacity was fach, that I could produce very amazing inftances of it, if they were not unfeasonable. In all difficulties, he immediately found the true point that was to be pursued, and adhered to it: And one or two others in the miniftry have confeffed very often to me, that, after having condemned his opinion, they found him in the right, and themselves in the wrong. He was utterly a stranger to fear; and, consequently, had a presence rality and contempt of money, were fuch, of mind upon ail emergencies. His libe

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that he almoft ruined his eftate while he was in employment; yet his avarice for the public was fo great, that it neither birth was illuftrious, being descended from confifted with the prefent corruptions of the heirs-general of the Veres and the Mor- the age, nor the circumstances of the time. timers, fo he feemed to value tha acciden- He was seldom mistaken in his judgment tal advantage in himself, and others, more of men, and therefore not apt to change a than it could pretend to deferve. He aC good or ill opinion by the refpresentation bounded in good-nature, and good-hu- of others; except toward the end of his meur; although fubject to paffion, as I miniftry. He was affable and courteous, have heard it affirmed by others, and own- extremely easy and agreeable in converfaed by himself; which, however, he kept tion, and altogether disengaged; regular under the ftri&teft government, till to- in his life, with great appearance of piety s wards the end of his ministry, when he nor ever guilty of any expreffions that began to grow foured, and to fufpect his D could poffibly tend to what was indecent friends; and, perhaps, thought it not worth his pains to manage any longer. He or prophane. His imperfections were at leaft, as obvious, altho' not so numerous was a great favourer of men of wit and as his virtues. He had an air of fecrefy in learning, particularly the former, whom he his manner and countenance, by no means careffed without diftinction of party, and could not endure to think that any of them proper for a great minifter, because it -warns all men to prepare against it. He fhould be his enemies; and it was his good often gave no answer at all, and very felfortune that none of them ever appeared to dom a direct one: And I the rather blame be fo; a leaft, if one may judge by the li- this reservedness of temper, because I have bels and pamphlets published against him, known a very different practice fucceed which he frequently read, by way of amuse- much better of which, among others, ment, with anft unaffected indifference: the late Earl of Sunderland, and the prefent Lord Sommers, persons of great abili ties, are remarkable instances; who used to talk in fo frank a manner, that they feemed to discover the bottom of their hearts, and, by that appearance of confidence, would eafily unlock the breasts of others, But the Earl of Oxford pleads, in excuse of this charge, that he hath feldom or never communicated any thing which was of importance to be concealed, wherein he hath not been deceived by the vanity, treachery, or indifcretion of thofe he dif covered it to. Another of his imperfections, univerfally known and complained of, was procrastination, or delay; which was, doubtlefs, natural to him, although he often bore the blame without the guilt, and when the remedy was not in his power; for never were prince and minister better matched than his fovereign and he, upen that article: And, therefore, in the difpofal of employments, wherein the queen was very ablolute, a year would often pafs before they could come to a determinati

Neitherdo I remember ever to have endangered lus good opinion fo much, as by appearing uneafy when the dealers in that kind of writing first began to pour out F their scurrilities against me; which, he thought, was a weakness altogether inexcufable in a man of virtue and liberal education. He had the greatest variety of knowledge that I have any where met; was a perfe& matter of the learned languages, and well (killed in divinity. He had a prodigious memory, and a moft ex- G a& judgment. In drawing up any statepaper, no man had more proper thoughts, or put them in fo strong and clear a light. Although bis file were not always.correct, which, however, he knew how to mend ; yet, often, to fave time, he would leave the smaller alterations to others. I have H heard that he spake hut feldom in parliament, and then rather with art than eloquence: But no man equalled him in the knowledge of our conftitution; the reputation whereof made him be chosen speak

on.

A

I remember he was likewife heavily charged with the common court vice, of promifing very liberally, and feldom performing; of which, although I cannot altogether acquit him, yet, I am confident, his intentions were generally better than his disappointed folicitors would believe. It may be likewise said of him, that he cer tainly did not value, or did not understand the art of acquiring friends; having made very few during the time of his power, and contracted a great number of enemies. Some of us used to obferve, that those whom he talked well of, or fuffered to be often near him, were not in a situation of B much advantage; and that his mentioning others with contempt, or dislike, was no hindrance at all to their preferment. I have dwelt the longer upon this great man's character, because I have obferved it fo often mistaken by the wife reasoners of both parties: Befides, having had the honour, for almost four years, of a nearer acquaintance with him than usually hap pens to men of my level, and this without the leaft mercenary obligation, I thought it lay in my power, as I am fure it is in my will, to reprefent him to the world with impartiality and truth.-We shall probably give fome farther extracts from this work bereafter.

14. The hiftory of the Marquis de Rofelle. 2 Vols. 5s Becket. (See p. 125.)

15. Reflections on the painting and fculpture of the Greeks, tranflated from the German of the Abbe Winkleman; by Henry Fuffel, A. M. 5s Millar.

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16. An hiftorical narrative of a most etraordinary event which happened at the E village of Bergemoletto in Italy; where three women were faved out of the ruins of a stable, in which they had been buried 37 days, by a heavy fall of (now; from the Italian of Ignazio Somis, profeffor of phyfic in the university of Turin, and phyfician to his Sardinian majesty. 21 6d Ofborn. (See an account of this very F fully and particularly related, Vol. xxvii. P. 312.)

17. Letters on the eloquence of the pulpit. Is 6d Becket.

18. A complete English grammar, on a new plan for the ufe of foreigners. 35 6d Nicol.

19. Liberty's last refource; or an appeal to the legislature. 6d Pamphlet hips. 20. A letter from a Spittle-fields weaver to a nobleman. Is Moran,

This is a mere catch-penny, beginning with an ironical encomium on the noble Duke, who is reported to have faid, That if he was a weaver he could live upon tenpence a day, and ending with a wretched

imitation of the late Dr Swift's modeft propofal for preventing the children of poor people in Ireland from being a burden to their parents or country, and for making hem beneficial to their country.

21. The annual regifter for 1764.Dodfley, 22. The tryal of Lord Byron, 35~ Bila ling fey.

23. The temporal liberty of fubjects in England; by the late Bp Ellis. 75 6d Wbifton 24. Electra, a tragedy; and the birth of Hercules, a mafque; by Wm Shirley, 55. Newbery.

25. The temple-ftudent; an epistle to a friend. 15 Dedley.

26. A difcourfe on moderation; by the Rev. Mr Allan. Is Wilson.

27. An effay on modern luxury; by S. Fawconer, M.A. Is Fletcher.

28. Catholic faith and praftice; being confiderations of prefent ufe and importance, in behalf of the Proteftant Religion, against the artful attempts of the emiffaries of Rome, 1 Horsfield.

LITERARY ARTICLE.

'N Mr Macaulay's Hiftory of St Kilda,

times made of a bird called tulmer, as the
word is there printed, fee p. 145, 146, 148,
155, 162, 163, 165, The name of this
bird is written by Mr Martin (the author of
the description of the Western Islands, and
of the voyage to St Kilda) not with, but
with f; and, as in one page of Mr Macau-
lay's work, where it is written fulmer, (p.
163) the Latin word fulica is twice written
tulica; it is probable that the printer mif-
took the f, as written in the manuscript
copy, for t. As this mistake may lead fu-
ture naturalifts to affign a wrong name to
this bird, it may be worth noting. Tuliac,
in the 159th page of Mr Macaulay's book,
fhould probably be written fuliac or fulic,
as anfwering to the above mentioned fulica,
Compare p. 163.
I am yours, c.

[Upon examining the Hiftory of St Kilda referred to by our correfpondent, we find many other typographical mistakes, not all equally obvious, which render his conjecture ftill more probable. In p. 59, faquin is printed for faquir, and sects for fex, as the reader will eafily perceive by the paffage, which is as follows." What must we think of the ancient Brackmans and. Gymnof pbifts, or the modern Dervices and "Faquins? [Faquirs] What could have "tempted the men of thefe different proG" feflions to renounce all commerce with "the other fects, [fex] to abftain from "wine and animal food, and to deny "themfelves a thousand gratifications ?"

In this paffage, though Jets does not totally destroy all-meaning, which is fo much the worse, because the paffage may pass for genuine to a curfory reader, yet fex is cerHtainly the true reading, renouncing the commerce of women being the principal articie of the mortification and felf denial here mentioned. In p. 67 refe is alfo print ed for rex, and fea maro for fea mew, as often as the word occurs,

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N admonitory confiftory having affembled at Montiers in Switzerland, in or der to proceed against the celebrated Rouffeau as Antichrift (fee his Creed. Vol. xxxiv. p. 13.) the council of fate refolved that the Confiftory had nothing to do with creeds of faith, and took M. Rousseau under its protection.

One who calls himself a dyer, recommends the improvement of cud-bear in England, which, be fays, for Atriking colours, is infinitely preferable to the orchil gathered in the Canaries. The cud-bear is a compofition of mofs gathered on the mountains.

habitants feemed difpofed to abandon the city. The provincial of the order of St Dominique fent a circular letter on the 20th to the fupe riors of all the convents of his order, frictly forbidding them to introduce any innovations into divine fervice. The nex day the Count A d'Oryras fent for the fuperiors of the other religious houses, and laid the fame injunctions upon them. The court caufed fome fufpected Monks to be taken up, and reprimanded a fuperior, who acknowledged himself to be the author of the letter, but difowned the printing of it. The troops were under arms the 24th and 25th, to prevent any diforders. Wolfe, mother of the late brave General Wolfe, paid the legacy of 10ccl. left by her to the incorporated fociety in Dublin, for promoting English working-fchools in Ireland.

Very confiderable feizures have lately beer B

made in Scotland, viz. one of 600 anchors of brandy; one of 73431b. of tea, fome nankeen, and other china, with a fmall quantity of hubarb; one of 839 anchors and fix hogheads of brandy, and one of 400 anchors of geneva; all thefe by the vigilance of his majefty's armed cutters.

A French fhip, the name not mentioned, commanded by M. Michon, who had been C driven off the coat of Senegal, ill provided with provifions, made a voyage of 1200 leagues in 24 days, 12 of which were calm, and arrived fafe at Martinico. The day be fore her arrival the captain had determined to throw 37 Negroes overboard to preferve his crew, but was happily taken ill, and the order was not executed.

The fociety of arts have voted a premium

of 60 guineas to Mr Hamilton for the best hiftorical painting; and so for the fecond, to Mr Romney. The fubject of the firft is Boa dices going to be fcourged by the Romans, while her two daughters are forced from her by the guards. Of the fecond, the death of King Edmund.

The Hon. E. India company have received advice overland, of a great battle fought on the 23d of October loft, between Col. Monro, and Coffin Ally Cawn, which lafted 9 hours, and determined at latt in favour of the Eng. There was great flaughter on both

hides.

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Five English men of war have lately been difcovered off Cuba, fteering, as was fuppofed, F to the gulph of Honduras, tor the protection, perhaps, of the British log-wood cutters, who have been fo injuriously dealt with by the Spaniards in the bay of Campeachy, (fee Vol. xxxiv. p. 389.) The largest of thele hips carried a commodore's broad pendant at the main top-maft head.

The executors of the late Mrs Henriet:@

Letters from the Governor of the Philip pine Ifiends, advife, that the English had evacuated Marilla and Cabite, on the gift of Murch and 9th of April 1764, and that the Spaniards had retaken poffeffion of them.

M. Nadau Detreuil, late Governor of Guadaloupe, has at length obtained juftice. The fentence of the court martial, pronounced against him at Martinico, the 15th of January 1761, and executed at Rochfort in Sept. 1762, was broke by a brevet, figned by the King's own hand the 6:h of this month, and regiftered the 15th inftant, in the Court-martial held for that purpofe at the Hotel des Invalides, by which he is difcharged from all the penalties pronounced against him in the first Court martial, and re-instated in his honours, reputation, and all other prerogatives.

Letters from Mobile of the roth of March laft, advise, that Major Loftus was returned from taking poffeffion of Fort Illinois, and two other confiderable pofts on the riverMiffilippi, where the Indians remained very quiet, and defired nothing more than being indulged the liberty of a trade with the Englijib.

The Directors of the Million Bank are refolved to encrease the dividend on the capital ftock of that Bank to 41 per Cent.

ties of the w rks of Offian has lately been A most authentic teftimony to the antiqui

collected in which the attestation of a numerous body of highland minifters, and gentlemen of unquefionable veracity are brought together in confirmation of the genuinels of that and other highland poems lately tranfiated by Mr Macpbarfon; the collector of Gwhich concludes his report in the following

About the beginning of March laft a printed letter was handed about Lifoon, full of chimeras and fatal predictions, tending to excite among the people the most dangerous appre henfions. It was therein fet forth, that in the night of the 24th all the churches were to be opened, and the holy facrament exposed; and that all the Faithful were to be prefent there, in order to appease the juftice of God, H whole hand was ready to fall heavily on that Bahappy city. Accordingly, feveral convents refolved to expofe the facrament on that day, and gave notice for public prayers, which made to great an impreffion upon the minds of the people, that the grea eft part of the in(Gent. Mag, MAY 1765,)

words:

"It has been thought worth while to bestow thie attention on establishing the authenticny of the works of Offian, now in poffeffion of the public: Because whatever rank they are allowed to hold as works of genius; whatever different opinions may be entertained concerning their poetical merit, they are unquestionably valuable in another view; as monumente of the tafte and manners of as ancient age, as ufeful materials for enlarging our knowledge of the human mind and cnarafter, and muft, beyond all difpute, be held as at least one of the greatest curiofities,

wh.ch