to judge he has one of that suit to return; therefore do not throw away any of that suit, even to keep a king or queen guarded.

PARTICULAR GAMES, BOTH TO ENDEAVOUR TO DECEIVE AND DISTRESS YOUR ADVERSARIES, AND TO DEMONSTRATE YOUR GAME TO YOUR PARTNER.

1. SUPPOSE I play the ace of a suit of which I have ace, king, and three small ones; the last player does not choose to trump, having none of the suit; if I am not strong enough in trumps, I must not play out the king, but keep the command of that suit in my hand by playing a small one, in order to weaken his game,

2. If a suit is led, of which I have none, and a moral certainty that my partner has not the best of that suit, in order to deceive the adversary, I throw away my strong suit; but to clear up doubts to my partner when he has the lead, I throw away my weak suit. This method of play will generally succeed, unless against very good players; and even with them, you will oftener gain than lose.

PARTICULAR GAMES TO BE PLAYED, BY WHICH YOU RUN THE RISK OF LOSING ONE TRICK ONLY TO GAIN THREE.

1. SUPPOSE clubs to be trumps, and a heart play ed by your adversary; your partner having none of that suit, throws away a spade; you then judge his hand is composed of trumps and diamonds; and you winning that trick; and being too weak in trumps, dare not force him; and suppose you shall have king, knave, and one small "diamond;

and further, your partner to have queen, and five diamonds; in that case, by throwing out your king in your first lead, and your knave in your second, your partner and you may win five tricks in that suit; whereas if you had led a small diamond, and your partner's queen having been won with the ace, the king and knave remaining in your hand obstruct the suit: and though he may have the long trump, yet by playing a small diamond, and his long trump having been forced out of his hand, you lose by this method three tricks in that deal.

2. Suppose, in the like case of the former, you should have queen, ten, and one small card in your partner's strong suit; which is to be discovered by the former example; and that your partner has knave and five small cards in his strong sut; you having the lead are to play your queen, and when you play again, your ten; and suppose him to have the long trump, by this method he makes four tricks in that suit; but should you play a small card in that suit, his knave being gone, and the queen remaining in your hand in the second round, and the long trump forced out of his hand, the queen remaining in yours obstructs the suit, by which method of play you lose three tricks in that deal.

3. In the former examples you have been supposed to have had the lead, and an opportunity of throwing out the best cards in your hand of your partner's strong suit, in order to make room for the whole suit now suppose your partner is to lead, and in the course of play, it appears to you that your partner has one great suit; for instance, ace, king, and four small ones, and that you have queen, ten, nine, and a very small one of that suit; when your partner plays the ace, you are

to play the nine; when he plays the king, you are to play the ten; by which means in the third round, you make your queen, and having a small one remaining, do not obstruct your partner's great suit; whereas if you had kept your queen and ten, and the knave had fallen from the adversaries, you had lost two tricks in that deal.

4. Suppose, you find your partner has one great suit, and that you have king, ten, and a small one of the same; your partner leads the ace; in that case play your ten, and in the second round the king: this prevents a possibility of obstructing your partner's great suit.

5. Suppose your partner has ace, king, and four small cards in his great suit, and that you have queen, ten, and a small card, in the same; when he plays his ace, do you play the ten, and when he plays his king, you play the queen; by which method you only risk one trick to get four.

6. Now suppose you have five cards of your partner's strong suit; viz. queen, ten, nine, eight, and a small one; and that your partner has ace, king, and four small ones; when your partner plays the ace do you play the eight; when he plays the king, do you play the nine; and in the third round, nobody having any of that suit, except your partner and yourself, proceed then to play the queen, and next the ten; and having a small one remaining, and your partner two, you thereby gain a trick.

PARTICULAR GAMES TO BE PLAYED WHEN EITHER

OF YOUR ADVERSARIES TURNS UP AN HONOUR.

1. SUPPOSE the knave is turned up on hand, and that you have king, queen,

your right

and ten;

in

order to win the knave, begin with your king; by which method, your partner may suppose you have queen and ten remaining, especially if you have a second lead, and do not proceed to your queen.

2. The knave being turned up as before, and that you have ace, queen, and ten, by playing your queen, it answers the like purpose of the former rule.

3. If the queen is turned up on your right-hand, and that you have ace, king, and knave, by playing your king it answers the like purpose. 4. Suppose an honour is turned up on your lefthand, and you hold none, in that case lead through that honour; but if you should hold one (except the ace) you must be cautious how you play trumps, because in case your partner holds no honour, your adversary will return your own game upon you.

A CASE TO DEMONSTRATE THE DANGER OF FORCING YOUR PARTNER.

SUPPOSE A and B partners, and that A has a quint-major in trumps, with a quint-major and three small cards of another suit, and has the lead; and suppose the adversaries C and D to have only five trumps in either hand; in this case, A having the lead, wins every trick.

On the contrary, suppose C has five small trumps, with a quint-major and three small cards of another suit, and that C has the lead, who forces A to trump first, by which means A wins only five tricks.

A CASE TO DEMONSTRATE THE ADVANTAGE BY A

SAW.

SUPPOSE A and B partners, and that A has a quartmajor in clubs, they being trumps, another quartmajor in hearts, another quart-major in diamonds, and the ace of spades. And suppose the adversaries C and D to have the following cards; viz. C has four trumps, eight hearts, and one spade; D has five trumps and eight diamonds; Cbeing to lead, plays an heart, D trumps it; D plays a diamond, C trumps it; and thus pursuing the saw, each partner trumps a quart-major of A's, and C being to play at the ninth trick, plays a spade, which D trumps; thus C and D have won the nine first tricks, and leave A with his quart-major in trumps only.

Whenever you can establish a saw, it is your interest to embrace it.

VARIETY OF CASES, INTERMIXED WITH CALCULA TIONS, DEMONSTRATING WHEN IT IS PROPER, AT SECOND HAND, TO PUT UP THE KING, QUEEN, KNAVE, OR TEN, WITH ONE SMALL CARD OF ANY SUIT, &c.

1. SUPPOSE you have four small trumps, and in the three other suits have one trick secure in each suppose also your partner has no trump, then the remaining nine trumps must be divided between your adversaries; perhaps five in one hand, and four in the other; as often as you have the lead, play trumps: and should you have four leads, in that case, your adversaries make only five tricks out of nine trumps; whereas if you had suffered them to make their trumps single, they might possibly have made nine.