Lumbricus latus; lumbricus The tape-worm (Tenia teres, CELS. Solium;)-the round Quod expellit vermes; anthel- That which expels minticum;* helminthago gum; vermifugum. worm. worms; an anthelmintic or vermifuge. appear respectively to belong, according to their organization." (Owen, art. Entozoa, Cyclop. Anat. and Physiology.) ENTOZOA HOMINIS. Classis PSYCHODIARI-Bory St. Vincent. 1. Acephalocystis endogena, Pill-box Hydatid. In the liver, cavity of the abdomen, &c. 2. Echinococcus Hominis, Living Hydatid. Liver, spleen, Omentum. Classis POLYGASTRICA-Ehrenberg. 3. Animalcula Echinococci, Animalcule of the Echinococcus. Liver, &c. contained within the echinococcus. Classis PROTELMINTHA. 4. Cercaria Seminis, Zoosperm, Spermatozoon, Seminal animalcule. In the Semen. 5. Trichina spiralis. In the voluntary muscles. Classis STER ELMINTHA. 6. Cysticercus cellulosa. In the muscles, cerebrum, and eye. 7. Tania Solium, Long-jointed tapeworm, or common tapeworm. In the small intestines. 8. Bothriocephalus latus, Broad tape worm. Small intestine. 9. Polystoma Pinguicola. In the ovaries. 10. Distoma hepaticum, Liver-fluke. In the gall-bladder. Classis CŒLELMINTHA. 11. Filaria Medinensis, Guinea-worm. In the cellular tissue. 12. Filaria oculi. In the crystalline lens. 13. Filaria bronchialis. In the bronchial glands. 14. Tricocephalus dispar, Long thread-worm. In the cæcum and colon. 15. Spiroptera Hominis. In the urinary bladder. 16. Strongylus gigas. Kidney. 17. Ascaris lumbricoides, Long round-worm. In the small intestine. 18. Ascaris vermicularis, Maw-worm or thread-worm. In the rectum. *From avri, against; and λpivs, a worm. SECT. 12. De balneis; de fo- Of Baths;-Of Fomenmentis, &c. tations, &c. 2 Baths [public.—3 A medicated bath. 1 Balneum,* CELS.; Balineum. 1A bath [private.]— -2Balnea; Balineæ.-3 Balneum medicatum. Balneum fervens (seu fervidum,) calidum, tepidum.† Tepidarium, CELS. Thermæ. The hot, warm, and 1 Lavatio, CELS.-2 Lavacrum. 1A washing or bathing. Ablutio, PLINY. 'In balneum ire; ducere in balneum ; 3 uti balneo calido; in balneum mittere, CELS.; demittere in balneum; descendere in balneum. -2A bath or washing place. Ablution. To go into a bath; 2 to take [him] into a bath; to use the warm bath; to put [him] into a bath. *Balneum and balineum were used for the water bath, which every master of a family had in his house; balnea and balineæ, for public bathing-places. All referred to baths artificially heated. The cold bath and shower bath, therefore, and, in pharmacy, the sand bath, water bath, &c., require a very different form of expression."-Hora Subsec. †The temperature of the different kinds of baths is as follows; 1. Very cold.... Deg. Fahr. .from 33 to........50 Therma signifies baths of water naturally hot; balnea baths, made hot by fire. Hence the phrase balnea mineralia is not correct. Lavatio also signifies a bathing vessel. Elicere sudorem sicco calore, To procure sweat by CELS.-Balneum siccum.* dry heat.-A dry bath. By the term balneum siccum, or dry bath, are meant applications of dry heated substances (as hot air, sand, ashes, salt, &c.) to the skin to promote sweating.-But the term balneum is inapplicable to such, since Celsus evidently confines it to a water bath,while, under the head of "siccus calor," he includes arena calida, the laconicum, and the clibanum (lib. ii. c. 17.) The terms Sudatorium, Laconicum, and Clibanum, were applied to different kinds of dry baths. The Sudatorium was a sweating-house. The Laconicum was a hot and dry room at a bath, and in which sweat was excited; it was, in fact, a Sudatorium. Clibanum was the name of a particular kind of oven among the Romans. As it is mentioned by Celsus, besides the Laconicum, or hot room at the bath, he probably intends by it a stove placed in a common room so as to heat it. In the baths of the Romans there were five apartments: the eleotherium, the frigidarium, the tepidarium, the concamerata sudatio (calidarium or laconicum,) and the balneum. Uti aquis frigidis, CELS.- To use the cold bath. Balneum frigidum.* Calidus A cold bath. vapor, CELS.-Bal- Hot vapour.—A vapour neum vaporis.t-Vapora bath. Multa calida aqua per caput To pour much hot se totum perfundere, tum tepida, deinde frigida, CELS. Utar semicupio ad x. vel xij. minuta horæ in aquâ adhuc calenti modicè. water over his head [so that it may run over all his body,] then tepid, and lastly, cold water. Let the patient use the half-bath, made moderately warm, for ten or twelve minutes. is the sudatory (concamerata sudatio,) in which are seen the laconicum (so called from being first used in Laconia,) a brazen furnace to heat the room, and persons sitting on the steps: the fifth is the balneum, with its huge basin (labrum) supplied by pipes communicating with three large bronze vases, called milliaria, from their capaciousness; the lower one contained hot, the upper one cold, and the middle one tepid water. The bathers returned to the frigidarium, which sometimes contained a cold bath. The subterranean portion of the building, where the fires were placed for heating the baths, was called hypocaustum.-The strigile (a in the above cut) was a scraper, or currycomb, used at baths to scrape the skin.-Celsus (lib. vi. cap. 7) uses the term to signify a tube or syringe. *As the term "balneum" applies to a heated water bath, it is obvious that the phrase "balneum frigidum" is incorrect. Equally improper is the phrase "balneum vaporis." Celsus regards calidus vapor as one kind of "siccus calor." Pedes cruraque in aquam cali- To bathe the feet and dam demittere. Perfusio corporis aquâ calida. The affusion of the Lavare egelida* aquâ. Admovere glaciem vel nivem. Linteola in aquâ frigidâ facta dein bene expressa, CELS. Fomentum, CELS.; fotus, PLI- Vaporare, suffire, PLINY. Detergere, CELS.; abstergere. 1 Lavare, CELS.; 2abluere, Cic.; 3 eluere, CELS. legs in warm water. It is proper to foment the ulcerated nostrils with the vapour of warm water. To foment with vapour. 1 Suffitus.-2 Halitus.- 3 Inha- 1Dry fumes or smoke. latio. -2 Aqueous vapours. 2 Gelidus and egelidus agree in denoting objects not as in a state of heat, but differ in respect to the distance of each from that state. The first term (from gelu, frost or ice) applies to water that is either frozen or just at the freezing point. Egelidus differs from gelidus, in denoting a diminution of the cold employed in the latter, or a step in the progress towards heat.-See Hill's Dict. of Synonyms. Gerard (Thesaurus) defines the word egelidus, thus:-"Quod gelu amisit, et jam non est calidum neque frigidum,--tepidum." |