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28 July 1866. general of subsistence, with the rank, pay and emoluments of colonels of cavalry;

Ibid. 17.

ment.

two assistant commissaries-general of subsistence, with the rank, pay and emoluments of lieutenant-colonels of cavalry; eight commissaries of subsistence, with the rank, pay and emoluments of majors of cavalry; and sixteen commissaries of subsistence, with the rank, pay and emoluments of captains of cavalry.

14. The medical department of the army shall hereafter consist of one surgeonMedical depart general, with the rank, pay and emoluments of a brigadier-general; one assistant surgeon-general, with the rank, pay and emoluments of a colonel of cavalry; one chief medical purveyor and four assistant medical purveyors, with the rank, pay and emoluments of lieutenant-colonels of cavalry, who shall give the same bonds which are or may be required of assistant paymaster-generals of like grade, and shall, when not acting as purveyors, be assignable to duty as surgeons, by the president; sixty surgeons, with the rank, pay and emoluments of majors of cavalry; one hundred and fifty assistant surgeons, with the rank, pay and emoluments of lieutenants of cavalry for the first three years' service, and with the rank, pay and emoluments of captains of cavalry after three years' service; and five medical storekeepers, with the same compensation as is now provided by law. (a) And all the original vacancies in the grade of assistant surgeon shall be filled by selection, by examination, from among the persons who have served as staff or regimental surgeons, or assistant surgeons of volunteers in the army of the United States two years during the late war; and persons who have served as 66 surgeons or" (b) assistant surgeons three years in the volunteer service shall be eligible for promotion to the grade of captain. And the secretary of war is hereby authorized to appoint from the enlisted men of the army, or cause to be enlisted, as many hospital stewards as the service may require, to be permanently attached to the medical department, under such regulations as the secretary of war may prescribe.(c)

Hospital stewards.

Ibid. 18.

15. The pay department of the army shall hereafter consist of one paymasterPay department. general, with the rank, pay and emoluments of a brigadier-general; two assistant

Ibid. 19. Engineers.

Ibid. § 20. Engineer soldiers.

Ibid. 21.

Ordnance depart ment.

Ibid. 22. Signal corps.

paymasters-general, with the rank, pay and emoluments of colonels of cavalry; two deputy paymasters-general, with the rank, pay and emoluments of lieutenant-colonels of cavalry; and sixty paymasters, with the rank, pay and emoluments of majors of cavalry, to be selected from persons who have served as additional paymasters.(d)

16. The corps of engineers shall consist of one chief of engineers, with the rank, pay, and emoluments of a brigadier-general; six colonels, twelve lieutenant-colonels, twenty-four majors, thirty captains, and twenty-six first and ten second lieutenants, who shall have the pay and emoluments now provided by law for officers of the engineer corps.

17. The five companies of engineer soldiers, and the sergeant-major and quartermaster-sergeant heretofore prescribed by law, shall constitute a battalion of engineers, to be officered by officers of suitable rank detailed from the corps of engineers; and the officers of engineers, acting respectively as adjutant and quartermaster of this battalion, shall be entitled to the pay and emoluments of adjutants and quartermasters of cavalry.

18. The ordnance department of the army shall consist of the same number of officers and enlisted men as now authorized by law, and the officers shall be of the following grades, viz.: one brigadier-general, three colonels, four lieutenant-colonels, ten majors, twenty captains, sixteen first lieutenants, and ten second lieutenants, with the same pay and emoluments as now provided by law; and thirteen ordnance storekeepers, of whom a number not exceeding six may be appointed and authorized to act as paymasters at armories and arsenals. The ordnance storekeeper and paymaster at the national armory at Springfield shall have the rank, pay and emoluments of a major of cavalry, and all other ordnance storekeepers shall have the rank, pay and emoluments of captains of cavalry; and two-thirds of the military storekeepers and ordnance storekeepers to be appointed under this and the 14th section of this act, shall be selected from volunteer officers or soldiers who have performed meritorious service in the army of the United States during the late rebellion.

19. There shall one chief signal officer of the army, who shall have the rank, pay and emoluments of a colonel of cavalry; and the secretary of war shall have power to detail six officers, and not to exceed one hundred non-commissioned officers and privates, from the battalion of engineers, for the performance of signal duty; but no officer or enlisted man shall be so detailed until he shall have been examined and approved by a military board, to be convened by the secretary of war for that purpose;

(a) By act 20 May 1862, they are to have the pay and emoluments of military storekeepers in the quartermaster's depart ment, and to be skilled apothecaries or druggists. 12 Stat. 403. (b) So amended by act 2 March 1867, 25. 14 Stat. 423.

(c) See act 3 August 1861, 5, providing for the appointment of medical cadets. 12 Stat. 288.

(d) By act 20 June 1864, ₫ 10, the compensation of paymasters' clerks is fixed at $1200 per annum, without rations. 13 Stat. 145.

and enlisted men, while so detailed, shall, when deemed necessary, be mounted upon 28 July 1866. horses provided by the government. (a)

15 Stat. 318.

20. There shall be no new commissions, no promotions, and no enlistments in any 3 March 1869 ? 2. infantry regiment until the total number of infantry regiments is reduced to twentyfive; and the secretary of war is hereby directed to consolidate the infantry regiments Reduction of the as rapidly as the requirements of the public service and the reduction of the number of officers will permit.

21. No appointments of brigadier-generals shall be made until the number is reduced to less than eight; and thereafter there shall be but eight brigadier-generals in the army.

army.

Ibid. 23.

Ibid. 4.

22. There shall be enlisted in each regiment a chief musician, who shall be instructor of music, with a salary of sixty dollars a month and the allowances of a quartermaster- Musicians. sergeant.

Ibid. 26.

23. Until otherwise directed by law, there shall be no new appointments and no promotions in the adjutant-general's department, in the inspector-general's department, No appointments in the pay department, in the quartermasters' department, in the commissary depart to be made in ment, in the ordnance department, in the engineer department, and in the medical ments. department.(b)

II. CAVALRY.

staff depart

12 Stat. 289.

24. The two regiments of dragoons, the regiment of mounted riflemen and the two 3 Aug. 1861 ₫ 12. regiments of cavalry shall hereafter be known and recognised as the first, second, third, fourth and fifth regiments of cavalry respectively; the officers thereof to retain Regiments of their present relative rank, and to be promoted as of one arm of service, according to ganized. existing law and established usage and regulation.

cavalry or

12 Stat. 599.

25. The cavalry forces in the service of the United States shall hereafter be organ- 17 July 1862 % 1. ized as follows: each regiment of cavalry shall have one colonel, one lieutenant-colonel, three majors, one surgeon, one assistant surgeon, one regimental adjutant, one regi- Organization of cavalry regimental quartermaster, one regimental commissary, one sergeant-major, one quartermas- ments. ter-sergeant, one commissary-sergeant, [two] hospital stewards, one saddler-sergeant, one chief trumpeter [and one chief farrier or blacksmith], and each regiment shall consist of twelve companies or troops, and each company or troop shall have one captain, one first lieutenant, one second lieutenant and [one supernumerary second lieutenant], one first sergeant, one quartermaster-sergeant, [one commissary-sergeant,] five sergeants, eight corporals, [two teamsters], two farriers or blacksmiths, one saddler, one wagoner and seventy-eight privates; the regimental adjutants, the regimental quartermasters and regimental commissaries to be taken from their respective regiments: Provided, That vacancies caused by this organization shall not be considered as original, but shall be filled by regular promotion (c)

12 Stat. 634.

26. Each regiment of cavalry organized in the United States service, may have two 6 Jan. 1863 1. assistant surgeons, and each company or troop of cavalry shall have from sixty to seventy-eight privates.

12 Stat. 737.

grades.

27. The grades created in the cavalry forces of the United States by section eleven 3 Mar. 1863 & 37. of the act approved 17 July 1862, and for which no rate of compensation has been provided, shall be paid as follows, to wit: regimental commissary the same as regi- Pay of certain mental quartermaster; chief trumpeter the same as chief bugler; saddler-sergeant the same as regimental commissary-sergeant; [company commissary-sergeant the same as company quartermaster-sergeant:] Provided, That the grade of supernumerary second Certain grades lieutenant, and two teamsters for each company, and one chief farrier and blacksmith abolished and for each regiment, as allowed by said section of that act, be and they are hereby lished. abolished; and each cavalry company may have two trumpeters, to be paid as buglers; and each regiment shall have one veterinary surgeon, with the rank of a regimental sergeant-major, whose compensation shall be seventy-five dollars per month.

III. ENGINEERS.

others estab

11 Stat. 333.

superintendent,

28. The superintendent of the military academy, while serving as such by 12 June 1858 ? 1. appointment of the president, shall have the local rank, the pay and allowances of a colonel of engineers: the commandant of the corps of cadets at the military Rank and pay of academy, while serving as such by appointment of the president, shall have the local &c., of military rank, the pay and allowances of a lieutenant-colonel of engineers, and besides his other academy. duties, shall be charged with the duty of instructor in the tactics of the three arms at said aca lemy; and the senior assistant instructor in each of the arms of service, viz.: of artillery, cavalry and infantry, shall severally receive the pay and allowances of the assistant professor of mathematics.

(a) See act 3 March 1863, organizing the signal corps. 12 Stat.

753.

(b) The resolution of 10 April 1869, exempts the adjutant. VOL. II.-4

general's department from the operation of this act. 16 Stat. 54. (c) See supra 3, and infra 27.

March 1863 23. 12 Stat. 743.

Promotions.

3 Aug. 1861

12 Stat. 288.

8.

Cadets not to be

reappointed, except on recom

academic board.

29. No officer of the corps of engineers below the rank of a field-officer shall hereafter be promoted to a higher grade before having passed a satisfactory examination before a board of three engineers senior to him in rank; and should the officer fail at said examination, he shall be suspended from promotion from [for] one year, when he shall be re-examined, and upon a second failure, shall be dropped by the president from the army.

30. No cadet who has been or shall hereafter be reported as deficient, either in conduct or studies, and recommended to be discharged from the academy, shall be returned or reappointed, or appointed to any place in the army before his class shall have left the academy and received their commissions, unless upon the recommendamendation of the tion of the academic board of the academy: Provided, That all cadets now in the service, or hereafter entering the military academy at West Point, shall be called on to take and subscribe the following oath: "I. A. B., do solemnly swear that I will support. the constitution of the United States, and bear true allegiance to the national government ; that I will maintain and defend the sovereignty of the United States paramount to any and all allegiance, sovereignty or fealty I may owe to any state, county or country whatsoever; and that I will at all times obey the legal orders of my superior officers, and the rules and articles governing the armies of the United States." And any cadet or candidate for admission who shall refuse to take this oath shall be dismissed from the service.

Cath of cadets.

8 June 18662. 14 Stat. 59.

13 July 1866 6. 14 Stat. 92.

Who may be

assigned to duty at the military academy.

16 June 18661.

14 Stat. 359.

Age of cadets at

admission.

Ibid. 2. When appointments to be made.

31. No person who has served in any capacity in the military or naval service of the so-called Confederate States, during the late rebellion, shall hereafter receive an appointment as a cadet at the military or naval academy.

32. The superintendent of the United States military academy may hereafter be selected, and the officers on duty at that institution detailed, from any arm of the service; and the supervision and charge of the academy shall be in the war department, under such officer or officers as the secretary of war may assign to that duty.

33. The age for the admission of cadets to the United States military academy shall hereafter be between seventeen and twenty-two years; but any person who has served honorably and faithfully not less than one year as an officer or enlisted man in the army of the United States, either as a volunteer or in the regular service, in the late war for the suppression of the rebellion, and who possesses the other qualifications prescribed by law, shall be eligible to appointment up to the age of twenty-four years. 34. Cadets at the military academy shall hereafter be appointed one year in advance of the time of their admission, except in cases where, by reason of death or other cause, a vacancy occurs which cannot be thus provided for by such appointment in advance; but no pay or allowance shall be made to any such appointee until he shall be regularly admitted on examination, as now provided by law; nor shall this provision Additional quali apply to appointments to be made in the present year. And in addition to the requirements necessary for admission as provided by the third section of the "Act making further provisions for the corps of engineers," approved April 29, 1812, (a) candidates shall be required to have a knowledge of the elements of English grammar, of descriptive geography, particularly of our own country, and of the history of the United States.

fications.

28 Feb. 18672. 14 Stat. 416.

Ibid. 23.

16 March 1868 21.

15 Stat. 42.

6 Aug. 1861 5. 12 Stat. 318.

35. That the cadets of the military academy be entitled to the ration now received by the acting midshipmen at the naval academy, commencing at the date of the approval of the law authorizing the same.

36. The assistant professor of Spanish shall receive the same pay and emoluments allowed to other assistant professors of the academy.

37. The whole number of visitors each year shall not exceed seven.(
n.(b)

IV. ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT.

38. That so much of the first section of the act approved August 5th 1854, (c) as authorizes the appointment of civilians to superintend the national armories, be and Ordnance officers. the same is hereby repealed; and the superintendents of these armories shall be appointed hereafter from officers of the ordnance department.

5 July 1862 3. 12 Stat. 508.

enlisted men.

39. The enlisted men of the ordnance department, now designated as master-workmen, shall hereafter be designated and mustered as sergeants; those now designated Rank and pay of as armorers, carriage-makers and blacksmiths shall be designated and mustered as corporals; those now designated as artificers shall be designated and mustered as privates of the first class; and those now designated as laborers shall be designated and mustered as privates of the second class: Provided, That the pay, rations and clothing now authorized by law to the respective grades of enlisted ordnance men shall not be changed.

3 March 1863 24. 12 Stat. 743.

40. No officer of the ordnance department below the rank of a field officer shall be promoted or commissioned to a higher grade, nor shall any officer of the army be com(a) 1 vol. 59, pl. 39. (b) See 1 vol. 60, pl. 50. (c) 10 Stat. 578.

3 March 1863.

Examination for

missioned as an ordnance officer, until he shall have passed a satisfactory examination before a board of not less than three ordnance officers senior to him in rank; and should such officer fail on such examination he shall be suspended from promotion or appointment or appointment for one year, when he may be re-examined before a like board; and if, upon such second examination, an ordnance officer fail, he shall be dismissed from the service, and if an officer of the army, he shall not be commissioned.

V. QUARTERMASTER'S DEPARTMENT.

promotion.

11 Stat. 432.

41. No permanent barracks and quarters shall hereafter be constructed unless 3 March 1859 § 1. detailed estimates shall have been previously submitted to congress, and shall have been approved by a special appropriation for the same.

42. Whenever any army captain of the quartermaster's department shall have served 3 Aug. 1861 ? 3. fourteen years continuous service, he shall be promoted to the rank of major.

12 Stat. 287.

14 Stat. 92.

43. The quartermaster's department shall in all cases, in obtaining supplies for the 13 July 1866 3 4. military service, state in advertisements for bids for contracts, that a preference shall be given to articles of domestic production and manufacture, conditions of price and How contracts for supplies to be quality being equal, and that such preference shall be given to articles of American made." production and manufacture, produced on the Pacific coast, to the extent of the consumption required by the public service there; and in advertising for army supplies, the quartermaster's department shall require all articles which are to be used in the states and territories of the Pacific coast to be delivered and inspected at points designated in those states and territories; and the advertisements for such supplies shall be published in newspapers of the cities of San Francisco, in California, and Portland, in Oregon.

VI. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.

12 Stat. 385.

Medical inspect

ors may discharge enlisted men for perma

nent physical

44. The medical inspector-general or any medical inspector, is hereby authorized 14 May 1862 ? 1. and empowered to discharge from the service of the United States any soldier or enlisted man, with the consent of such soldier or enlisted man, in the permanent hospitals, laboring under any physical disability which makes it disadvantageous to the service that he be retained therein; and the certificate in writing of such inspectorgeneral or medical inspector, setting forth the existence and nature of such physical disability. disability, shall be sufficient evidence of such discharge: Provided, however, That every Certificate. such certificate shall appear on its face to have been founded on personal inspection of the soldier so discharged, and shall specifically describe the nature and origin of such disability; and that such discharge shall be without prejudice to the right of such soldier or enlisted man to the pay due him at the date thereof; and report the same to the adjutant-general and the surgeon-general.

12 Stat. 633.

Discharge of solity.

diers for disabil

45. The officers of the medical inspectors' department shall be charged, in addition 27 Dec. 1862 2 2. to the duties now assigned to them by existing laws, with the duty of making regular and frequent inspections of all military general hospitals and convalescent camps, and shall, upon each such inspection, designate to the surgeon in charge of such hospitals or camps, all soldiers who may be, in their opinion, fit subjects for discharge from the service, on surgeon's certificate of disability, or sufficiently recovered to be returned to their regiments for duty, and shall see that such soldiers are discharged or so returned. And the medical inspecting officers are hereby empowered, under such regulations as may be hereafter established, to direct the return to duty or the discharge from service, as the case may be, of all soldiers designated by them.

13 Stat. 20.

bulances, &c.

46. The medical director or chief medical officer of each army corps shall, under the 11 March 186421. control of the medical director of the army to which such army corps belongs, have the direction and supervision of all ambulances, medicine and other wagons, horses, mules, Direction of amharness and other fixtures appertaining thereto, and of all officers and men who may be detailed or employed to assist him in the management thereof, in the army corps in which he may be serving.

Ibid. 2.

corps.

47. The commanding officer of each army corps shall detail officers and enlisted men for service in the ambulance corps of such army corps, upon the following basis, viz.: Organization of one captain, who shall be commandant of said ambulance corps; one first lieutenant ambulance for each division in such army corps; one second lieutenant for each brigade in such army corps; one sergeant for each regiment in such army corps; three privates for each ambulance, and one private for each wagon; and the officers and non-commissioned officers of the ambulance corps shall be mounted: Provided, That the officers, non-commissioned officers and privates so detailed for each army corps shall be examined by a board of medical officers of such army corps as to their fitness for such duty; and that such as are found to be not qualified shall be rejected, and others detailed in their stead.

11 March 186423. Distribution of ambulances.

Ibid. 4.

Litters.

Ibid. 5.

Powers and

duties of com

mandant of ambulance corps.

And of chief medical director.

Ibid. 6.

ties of first lieutenant.

48. There shall be allowed and furnished to each army corps two-horse ambulances, upon the following basis, to wit: three to each regiment of infantry of five hundred men or more; two to each regiment of infantry of more than two hundred and less than five hundred men or more; and one to each regiment of infantry of less than two hundred men; two to each regiment of cavalry of five hundred men or more; and one to each regiment of cavalry of less than five hundred men; one to each battery of artillery, to which battery of artillery it shall be permanently attached; to the headquarters of each army corps two such ambulances; and to each division train of ambulances two army wagons; and ambulances shall be allowed and furnished to division brigades and commands not attached to any army corps, upon the same basis; and each ambulance shall be provided with such number of stretchers and other appliances as shall be prescribed by the surgeon-general: Provided, That the ambulances and wagons herein mentioned shall be furnished, so far as practicable, from the ambulances and wagons now in service.

49. Horse and mule litters may be adopted or authorized by the secretary of war, in lieu of ambulances, when judged necessary, under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the medical director of each army corps.

50. The captain shall be the commander of all the ambulances, medicine and other wagons in the corps, under the immediate direction of the medical director or chief medical officer of the army corps to which the ambulance corps belongs. He shall pay special attention to the condition of the ambulances, wagons, horses, mules, harness and other fixtures appertaining thereto, and see that they are at all times in readiness for service; that the officers and men of the ambulance corps are properly instructed in their duties, and that their duties are performed, and that the regulations which may be prescribed by the secretary of war or the surgeon-general, for the government of the ambulance corps are strictly observed by those under his command. It shall be his duty to institute a drill in his corps, instructing his men in the most easy and expeditious manner of moving the sick and wounded, and to require in all cases that the sick and wounded shall be treated with gentleness and care, and that the ambulances and wagons are at all times provided with attendants, drivers, horses, mules and whatever may be necessary for their efficiency; and it shall be his duty also to see that the ambulances are not used for any other purpose than that for which they are designed and ordered. It shall be the duty of the medical director or chief medical officer of the army corps, previous to a march, and previous to and in time of action, or whenever it may be necessary to use the ambulances, to issue the proper orders to the captain for the distribution and management of the same, for collecting the sick and wounded and conveying them to their destination. And it shall be the duty of the captain faithfully and diligently to execute such orders; and the officers of the ambulance corps, including the medical director, shall make such reports from time to time as may be required by the secretary of war, the surgeon-general, the medical director of the army or the commanding officer of the army corps in which they may be serving; and all reports to higher authority than the commanding officer of the army corps shall be transmitted through the medical director of the army to which such army corps belongs.

51. The first lieutenant assigned to the ambulance corps for a division shall have Powers and du- complete control, under the captain of his corps and the medical director of the army corps, of all the ambulances, medicine and other wagons, horses, mules and men in that portion of the ambulance corps. He shall be the acting assistant quartermaster for that portion of the ambulance corps, and will receipt for and be responsible for all the property belonging to it, and be held responsible for any deficiency in anything appertaining thereto. He shall have a travelling cavalry forge, a blacksmith and a saddler who shall be under his orders, to enable him to keep his train in order. He shall have authority to draw supplies from the depot quartermaster, upon requisitions approved by the captain of his corps, the medical director and the commander of the army corps to which he is attached. It shall be his duty to exercise a constant supervision over his train in every particular, and keep it at all times ready for service.

Ibid. 27.

Of second lieutenants.

Ibid. 28. For what pur

52. The second lieutenant shall have command of the portion of the ambulance corps for a brigade, and shall be under the immediate orders of the first lieutenant, and he shall exercise a careful supervision over the sergeants and privates assigned to the portion of the ambulance corps for his brigade; and it shall be the duty of the sergeants to conduct the drills and inspections of the ambulances, under his orders, of their respective regiments.

53. The ambulances in the armies of the United States shall be used only for the transportation of the sick and wounded, and, in urgent cases only, for medical supplies; pases ambulances and all persons shall be prohibited from using them or requiring them to be used for

may be used.

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