an armed Knight on a horse terrassè, his battle-axe on the ground, his eyes lifted up to heaven, and a label from his mouth, inscribed, Pater mi, quid me vis facere? He is in a wood, and surrounded by armed footmen, who seem rather to protect or inclose than assist him. Another Knight on a dark coloured horse gallops towards him from the left, and behind the former to the right are horsemen combatant, with two banners, Barry, wavy A. and Gules. Other armed men on foot fill the right hand corner. On the second and third lines behind are horse and foot soldiers, in various attitudes. One horseman, not unlike Henry VIII. trots on, followed by a foot soldier from a battery of two or three guns on carriages, which are firing on two or three gallies, whose ensign is, Argent, a crescent Sable or Gules, and which are also fired on from a fort with round towers on the left corner. I write this description from memory, and a hasty view of the place yesterday. I am not without hopes the wall may be saved in the new buildings, or that a sketch can be taken at all events; and I propose a more leisurely examination next week. Tradition says, that the site was granted by Henry VII. or VIII. to the Tufton family, to whom, I believe, it now belongs. But touching the history I am yet to seek.

་་

"Mr. Forster rode over to Lamborn last Sunday express, to make a new and correct view of it for you. I found him at work on it on Monday, and shall shortly forward it to you. R. G." Broom Hill, Aug. 13, 1778.

"DEAR GOUGH,

"A very few minutes after you left us yesterday, the Chigwell stage arrived, with your very useful and noble present of Chapman's Map of Essex. My gratitude is too warm to allow me to omit the earliest opportunity of expressing my best thanks to you for it. It is but justice to Mr. Chapman to inform you, that he has sent a most perfect copy, in regard to impression, colouring, and binding. Your much obliged friend, M. TYSON." Enfield, Oct. 11, 1778.

"DEAR TYSON, "If it continues as at present, you may expect us to-morrow sevennight, if you are not moved to the Parsonage: for, if they quit to-morrow, you will be impatient to occupy their places.

"I will then bring all you wish for from Basire, who signs himself an admirer of your performances. I thought it incumbent on me to write an answer to Dr. Gordon's polite Letter; and the rather as Mr. Nichols had been persuaded by Dr. Ducarel to send a Transcriber express from London before he received his answer. R G." "DEAR GOUGH, Sunday, Sept. 12, 1779. "Our Monastic Ramble is completed, by a letter received per post to-day from Mrs. Holgate Wale, in which she informs us, that she is returned from a Tour of two months to Colne, and will be happy to receive us. I had memorandum'd the Danbury Knights, from Strutt; and you may expect not only an answer to your questions, but Drawings, in the best manner I am able, from all three at Colne. M. TYSON."

EXTRACTS FROM SIR JOHN CULLUM'S LETTERS

«SIR,

TO MR. GOUGH.

Hardwick House, near Bury, April 16, 1774. "IT was my design to have waited upon you before I left town, to thank you for the polite and obliging reception which you gave me but that my stay in the Metropolis, short as I intended it, was made still shorter by an unforeseen accident. I hope, therefore, you will accept of this as an acknowledgment of your late civilities. I mentioned to you, I think, a pamphlet which gave some account of Sturbridge and Bury Fairs. The title of it is, 'An Historical Account of Sturbridge, Bury, and the most famous Fairs in Europe, and America; interspersed with Anecdotes curious and entertaining and Considerations upon the Origin, the Progress, and Decline, of all the temporary Marts in this Kingdom.' Cambridge, without date, 8vo. Where the Author picked up the anecdote of Mary Queen of France, sister of Henry VIII. coming annually from her manor of Westhorpe to Bury Fair, and her having a magnificent tent there, with a splendid retinue, and a band of music, I cannot imagine-it may perhaps be true; for Westhorpe belonged to her second husband, the Duke of Suffolk.

"In Little Thurlow Church, Suffolk, is an inscription for one of Daye the Printer's sons, John, who was rector of the Church, Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, and B. D. He died 10 Jan. 1627, aged 61.

"Posuit Lionellus Daye; penè sexagenarius, ex viginti et sex fratribus et sororibus solus superstes, indies expectans mortem. "Richard Daye, another of the brothers, translated into English a Comedy written by John Fox the Martyrologist, entitled, 'De Christo Triumphante.' See art. Fox, in Biog. Brit.

"I think you said you had the inscription upon Daye's monument, which I sent Tyson some time since. I question whether the above notes are worth attending to. Daye's arms were, Ermine, on a chief indented B. two spread eagles A; the crest, a spread eagle issuing from a ducal coronet. Coats of arms were not so vulgar 200 years since as they are now.

"A fragment of stone was lately dug up in the South-west corr ner of the Choir of the Church of our Monastery.'ydgate' is very legible; as likewise hys' and 'the,' so that it appears to have been in English. Is Lydgate's real inscription any where extant? — I shall be extremely glad at any time of any intelligence of what is passing in the literary world; in my neighbourhood there is a great dearth of any information of that kind. JOHN CULLUM." "SIR, Hough, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, May 23, 1774. "I believe I mentioned to you, when I was in London, that I should spend some part of the summer in Lincolnshire. I have VOL. VIII. been

"I am, Sir, your obliged servant,

X x

been these three weeks at a gentleman's seat, eight miles from Grantham in that county; but have scarcely seen any thing which could attract the notice of an Antiquary. I have visited Belton, the seat of Sir Brownlowe Cust, which he inherits from the late Lord Tyrconnel (Brownlowe).

"In the Church is a monument for the founder of that family, the old Prothonotary in the reign of Elizabeth: the bust is most excellently done; there is great life in the countenance; and the hands as well as the drapery are finely executed in short, it would do no discredit to any of our best modern artists; and, what is very uncommon, the sculptor has registered his own name: 'Joshua Marshall, Lond. sculptor, fecit.'

"I have not Mr. Walpole's work at hand, so cannot tell whether he has mentioned this artist *. Richard Brownlowe died in 1638, so that this artist belongs to the reign of Charles I.

"The steeple at Grantham has been famous for its height: but what much struck me was the astonishing variety of distorted human (though many of them scarcely so) faces, beneath the battlements. These ludicrous representations are common on many buildings; but I believe the inventive Hogarth himself could scarcely have produced such a prodigious number.

"In about a fortnight I shall begin a tour in North Wales; and, looking over my projected route in a map, I find that Downing lies in the way. Is not this the residence of Mr. Pennant? If it be, are you enough acquainted with him to give me a letter to him? If you are, it would probably be of most excellent use to me at the beginning almost of my excursion.-If you can point out to me any of the Videnda in North Wales, I shall think myself much obliged to you. I suppose you was present at the late discovery in Westminster Abbey: was more discovered than the papers mention †? I am entirely out of the literary world; any intelligence that way would be thankfully received by your, though buried alive, very humble servant, JOHN CULLUM." Hardwick House, Nov. 14, 1774.

DEAR SIR,

"About two months ago I saw in the public papers an account of your marriage: but, as I do not place an implicit confidence in those vehicles of intelligence, I deferred my congratulations on the occasion, till I could be sure of the fact. I have lately seen Tyson, who assures me it is so. Be pleased, therefore, to accept of my most sincere wishes, that you may meet with perfect happiness (as perfect, I mean, as the lot of mortality allows) in your new state. An almost ten years' experience enables me to assure you, it is the most rational, and therefore most happy, condition of life; and I hope ten years hence you will tell me you are of the same opinion.

"I can hardly describe to you the prodigious use of your obliging letter to Mr. Pennant on my behalf: for, besides being most politely and hospitably entertained at his house, and being

* Mr. Walpole, from Vertue (vol. IV. 4to, p. 329.) barely mentions this Sculptor," who, in 1604, executed the monument of Baptist Lord Noel, and his Lady, at Campden, in Gloucestershire." † Archæologia, III. 376.

for

for four days afterwards almost constantly in his company; his recommendations were of infinite service to me in the prosecution of my journey over the inhospitable mountains of Caernarvonshire. One day we made an excursion from Conway, and scaled the summit of Penmanmawr together, in company with a draughtsman: the result of which day's observations will probably one time or other appear in print: for I hope, when he has dispatched some other business, he will oblige the publick with an Iter Wallicum.-I wish I could send you any inscriptions, or other notices, which thought would be worth your acceptance. I will give you the route I took; and if there be any thing in any of the places which you wish to know, I shall be happy to be able to inform you. Cambridge, Huntingdon, Peterborough, Folkingham, Grantham, Newark, Nottingham, Derby, Matlock, Buxton, Macclesfield, Northwich, Chester, Holywell, St. Asaph, Conway, Bangor, Caernarvon, Llanrwst, Wrexham, Ellesmere, Shrewsbury, Wenlock, Bridgenorth, Kidderminster, Worcester, Malvern, Bromesgrove, Hagley, Hales Owen, Birmingham, Coventry, Kenelworth, Warwick, Daventry, Northampton, Bedford, Cambridge.

"I was stationary for some weeks in the neighbourhood of Grantham, whence one day I made an excursion to Bottesford, the burial-place of the Rutland family. The chancel is crammed with monuments, many of them very curious, and finely preserved. One for Francis Earl of Rutland, who married to his second wife the Lady Cecilia Hungerford, daughter to the Honble Knight Sir John Tufton, by whom he had two sonnes, both which dyed in their infancy by wicked Practice and Sorcerye.' He was buried 20 Feb. 1632. Can you inform me any thing about these two boys? was any miserable old woman thrown into a mill-pool on their account*?

66

If you ever scribble on the margins of your books, as our friend Ashby does, you may make a memorandum in the 4th page of the 4to edition of Pennant's Tour, that the Pardon there mentioned is on the monument of Roger Legli and Elizabeth his wife, the former of which died in 1506, the latter in 1489. Dates, where they can be obtained, should never be omitted by Antiquaries. J.C." "DEAR SIR, Hardwick House, Jan. 1, 1775. "I received your last just as I was setting off for London, whither some unexpected business then called me; and it was with regret I left that place without doing myself the pleasure of waiting upon you at Enfield: but the truth was, my business was with almost the greatest man in the kingdom; and I find that great people require great attendance. If I had had one morning to myself, I would have treated myself with the sight of your Topographical Collection; a similar treat, I apprehend, I could not elsewhere have regaled myself with. I wish I had the edition of Spelman's Villare you mention; I should have been happy to have placed it on one of your shelves: but I have no other than * See the particulars in the History of Leicestershire, vol. II. pp. 49. 102.

that

that which is in the folio edition of his Works. Poor Worth is dead; and whether the work will ever make its appearance I know not; though perhaps Ives (whom Worth consulted in the affair) may be the foster-father, and rear it up: what that gentleman's abilities are, you are a better judge than myself.

"There is a passage, p. 62, in Strutt's Horda Angel Cynnan, which struck me much when I read it, as it shews how unaltered a people we are in many respects, and how difficult it is to eradicate any superstition out of the human mind. Mention is there made of cattle passing through trees with holes in them; and of men and children passing through perforated stones for pains in their limbs, and rickets. Within a few years, a child was drawn through an ash tree, in a little grove in my garden, for a rupture; the tree was about as large as my wrist: it was split in the middle, and the fissure held open, while the child was drawn through it (three times, you may be sure) naked and shivering, for it was winter. After the ceremony, the tree was wound round with packthread; and as it grew together, the child was to grow better. This is a common practice in my neighbourhood but the trees are always ash; nor is any disorder but a rupture, supposed curable by this operation. Are not here very evident traces of a most antient superstition? The cattle indeed are said formerly to have passed through trees, and the human species through stones: but the modes of both superstition are evidently the same. JOHN CULLUM." Hardwick House, Jan. 11, 1777.

"DEAR SIR,

"I have just now finished a journey, which, considering the cause of it, the distance, and the time of the year, has been the most disagreeable I ever took in my life. An express from Lille, acquainting me with the dangerous state of health of Mr. Vernon, my brother-in-law, residing there, carried me thither with all the haste I could make; and arriving there on the very solstice, I had the grief to find he was no more. After arranging a multitude of unpleasant articles, I set off the day after Christmas-day, and arrived in the neighbourhood of London on the last day of the year; and soon afterwards reached this place.

"As I cannot get this unpleasant expedition out of my head, I have given you a sketch of it+; though it certainly was not the reason of my writing to you: but the true one is, that I have just received a letter from the widow (I apprehend) of the late Mr. Ives, who informs me, that she is told I am collecting for Suffolk; and that, among other curious MSS of Mr. Ives, the History of Suffolk, that he was writing, is to be disposed of, and his Collections for that County: that they are to be sold the third week of February by Baker and Leigh; but that the Catalogues are not yet printed; and that, the papers being in her possession, she is willing to treat with me about them, and waits my answer.

*Mr. John Worth, of Diss, Norfolk, Chemist, was elected F. S. A. 1771. Of him, and his unfinished Works, see vol. III. p. 259, vol. V. p. 389. See this printed in Gent. Mag. 1797, vol. LXVII. p. 995. "Now