-Why hinder you, said she,

The use of water that to all is free?

The sun, the air, the pure and cooling wave,
Nature made free. I claim the boon she gave :
Yet humbly I entreat it, not to drench

My weary limbs, but killing thirst to quench.
My tongue wants moisture, and my jaws are dry,
Scarce is there way for speech. For drink I die,
Water to me were nectar. If I live,

'Tis by your favour.

They regarded not her entreaties, but with threats endeavoured to drive her away. This great inhumanity moved the indignation of Latona, who cursed them, and said, "May you always live in this water." Immediately they were turned into frogs, and leaped into the muddy water, where they ever after lived.

QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION.

Who was Latona, and what was the consequence of Jupiter's affection to her?

Where was Diana born, and how was she employed immediately after her birth?

How is Latona's reception at Delos accounted for?

What is said of her transmigrations into an island and quail? Who was Niobe, and what is said of her pride and self-sufficiency?

What was Latona's conduct towards Niobe?

Into what was Niobe changed?

What happened to the rustics of Lycia, and why were they so punished?

CHAPTER XI.

AURORA.

AURORA, the daughter of Terra and Titan, the sister of the sun and moon, and mother of the stars and the winds, is a goddess drawn in a chariot of gold by white horses; her countenance shines like gold; her fingers are red like roses: so Homer de

scribes Aurora. The Greeks call Aurora by another name, and some say that she was the daughter of Hyperion and Thia, or of Pallas, from whom the poets also call her Pallantias. She by force carried two beautiful young men, Cephalus and Tithonus, into heaven.

Cephalus married Procris, the daughter of the king of Athens. When Aurora could, by no persuasion, move him to leave her, she carried him into heaven; but even there she could not shake his constancy; therefore she sent him again to his wife Procris, disguised in the habit of a merchant. After this she gave him an arrow that never missed the mark, which she had received from Minoe. When Cephalus had this arrow, he spent his whole time in hunting and pursuing wild beasts. Procris, suspecting the constancy of her husband, concealed herself in a bush, to discover the truth: but when she moved carelessly in the bush, her husband thinking some wild beast was there, drew his bow, and shot his wife to the heart.—Ovid Met. 7.

Tithonus was the son of Laomedon, and brother of Priamus: Aurora, for his singular beauty, carried him up to heaven, and married him; and, instead of portion, obtained from the Fates immortality for him. She had Memnon by him, but she forgot to ask the Fates to grant him perpetual youth, so that he became so old and decrepid, that, like an infant, he was rocked to sleep in a cradle. Hereupon he grew weary of life, and wishing for death, asked Aurora to grant him power to die. She said, that it was not in her power to grant it, but that she . would do what she could: and therefore turned her husband into a grasshopper, which, they say, moults when it is old, and grows young again.-Ovid Met. 13.

Memnon went to Troy, to assist the king Priam, where, in a duel with Achilles, he was killed; and,

in the place where he fell, a fountain arose which every year, on the same day on which he died, sends forth blood instead of water. But as his body lay upon the funeral pile to be burnt, it was changed into a bird by his mother Aurora's intercession; and many other birds of the same kind flew out of the pile with him, which, from his name, were called Aves Memnoniæ: these, dividing themselves into two troops, and furiously fighting with their beaks and claws, with their own blood appeased the ghost of Memnon, from whom they sprung.-Ovid Met. 13.

There was a statue of this Memnon, made of black marble, and set up in the temple of Serapis at Thebes, in Egypt, of which they relate an incredible story for it is said that the mouth of the statue, when first touched by the rays of the rising sun, sent forth a sweet and harmonious sound as though it rejoiced when its mother Aurora came; but at the setting of the sun, it sent forth a low melancholy tone, as lamenting her departure.

QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION.

Who was Aurora, how was her chariot drawn, and how is she described by Homer?

Who did she carry to heaven?

What is said of Cephalus, and what became of his wife Procris?

Who is Tithon, and what is related of him?

Into what was he changed, and why?

What became of Memnon, and what is said to have happened where he was killed?

Into what was his dead body changed?

Where was his statue erected, and what is reported of it?

PART II.

OF THE TERRESTRIAL DEITIES.

CHAPTER I.

SEC. 1.-SATURN. HIS IMAGE, FAMILY, AND ACTIONS.

LOOK upon the wall on the right hand. On that wall, which is the second part of the Pantheon, as well as of our discourse, you see the terrestrial deities divided into two sorts; for some of them inhabit both the cities and the fields indifferently, and are called in general *" the terrestrial goddesses :" but the others live only in the countries and the woods, and are properly called +" the gods of the woods." We will begin with the first.

Of the terrestrial gods, which are so called, because their habitation is in the earth, the most celebrated are Saturn, Janus, Vulcan, Eolus, and Momus. The terrestrial goddesses are Vesta, Cybele, Ceres, the Muses, and Themis: they are equal in number to the celestial gods and goddesses.

We will begin with the eldest, Saturn, who is represented as a decrepid ‡old man, with a long beard and hoary head. His shoulders are bowed like an arch, his jaws hollow and thin, his cheeks sunk; his nose is flat, his forehead full of furrows, and his

* Dii terrestres urbes et campos promiscue incolunt.
+ Dii autem sylvestres rure tantum et in sylvis degunt.
+ Virg. Æn. 7.