the United States Bank, which had been favored by the Whig party in that campaign. Papers of those days seemed not to think about local news, but lived on the political campaigns, and mourned when election was over because they were schooled to think politics was all the people cared to read about. In May, 1835, the paper bore the immense title of Genius of Liberty and Democrat Republican and had for its sub-head motto, "Unawed by the influence of the rich, the great or the noble, the people must be heard, and their rights vindicated." At that date the names of J. Jamison and W. Loofborrow are given as proprietors, and William Hill as printer and editor. Its tone, politically, was then Democratic.

A SPICY CAMPAIGN PAPER.

The Political Hornet was the name of a political organ established for campaign purposes in 1836, and supported Gen. William Henry Harrison for President. Robert Robinson and J. S. Bereman were editorial contributors. Up to 1836 Fayette county had always gone Democratic, but that year was changed to Whig, which party elected every officer.

The Circulator, another publication, printed its first number January 20, 1838. It was "published simultaneously in Washington C. H. and London, in the legislative district composed of Fayette and Madison," being delivered in London, by private express, on the same day of issue. It was then the only paper published within the limits of the district. Elisha Williams Sexton was its proprietor. While it was a Whig organ, it was quite independent and neutral in politics, generally speaking. This paper spoke of printers being so scarce in Ohio that many young girls were being taught to set type, including one in the Circulator office. April 14, 1838, there appeared an item concerning an "Act to abolish imprisonment for debt" in the state of Ohio. About that date this paper had the following notice: "No man, henceforth, can be heard through our columns unless he be a yearly subscriber. Some of these times we will publish a communication precisely as it is sent to us." It is not known how long the Circulator continued to circulate!

The Fayette Republican was established in December, 1839, by R. R. Lindsey and was published in Wilmington, Clinton county. It was a radical Whig organ. In writing of a new publication at Louisville, Kentucky, the editor of this paper remarked, "The publication of a new paper called the Whiskey Barrel is soon to be established at Louisville; its object is to make war upon all temperance laws and temperance societies." He then adds "Wesley Roberts & Co. will preside over the bung-hole and spigot."

The Washingtonian was established in July, 1840, under the editorship of J. S. Bereman and E. W. Sexton, who opposed the bill then before Congress creating two hundred thousand militia. The point was made that it was not democratic and must not be tolerated. It supported Tom Corwin for governor of Ohio, the ticket being surmounted by a log cabin, with a "hard cider"" barrel alongside. Later, this paper was edited by Harvey C. Blackman and he supported Henry Clay for President. It passed through several men's hands and was published from 1840 to 1847, and then suspended. John W. Poff was its last proprietor and editor.

The Star Spangled Banner was established in the autumn of 1846, by W. H. H. Thompson, who in its first issue mentions the then newly published work, Henry Howe's "Historical Collections of Ohio." This paper plant employed much of the printing office material formerly used by the Washingtonian, above named.

John L. Scott published a newspaper in this county some years prior to 1849, but its name is now forgotten.

The Fayette New Era was established in the spring of 1850 by Editor George B. Gardner. Its local columns spoke of the first sewing machine ever brought to Fayette county, as having been the Wilson machine, brought to Washington C. H. in May, 1852, by Clarence Parin, a tailor. The Era was published until the spring of 1855, and was succeeded by the Washington Register, under E. B. Pearce and J. C. D. Hanna, who issued the first number of their paper March 15, 1855. It was "independent in all things and neutral in nothing." This was the first attempt, in this county, to produce a first-class local news page, and the files of the paper show how well the editors succeeded. Mr. Hanna sold the paper to his partner in 1857, and Pearce continued it till his death in 1864.

The Ohio State Register was established directly after the paper last named. It was established by Samuel Pike, who conducted it as a Democratic organ. After six months he sold to W. C. Gould, who continued to advocate Democratic doctrines until April, 1873. In 1871 the name was changed to that of Register and People's Advocate, with the motto, "That nation is most prosperous where labor commands the greatest reward." Its chief hobbies were oppositions to monopolies and middlemen. On April 24, 1873. H. H. Simmons and W. A. Beasley succeeded Gould, and they changed the name back to Ohio State Register and continued to run it as a Democratic sheet. In 1875 Beasley assumed sole management until October of that year, when he died at the old Shaw hotel. The administrator, D. I. Worthington, sold

the plant to H. V. Kerr, then a Democratic state senator, who suddenly died in 1881. At the date of his death he was state librarian. The publication of the paper was continued by his son, J. D. Kerr. Later it was owned by Oswall Smith, then by J. R. Marshall and Robert Palmer. In 1899 it was sold to Barrett & Terry. In 1902 it was sold to Joseph H. Harper, and in 1910 was taken over by the Herald Publishing Company. Its politics is now Democratic. It circulates in Fayette and adjoining counties and is known as an up-to-the-minute local newspaper.

The Fayette County Herald was commenced in December, 1858, by William Millikan, and on November 26, 1868, W. W. Millikan, his son, was admitted to partnership. This was the first regular Republican paper established in Fayette county, and has been influential with all the passing years in support of the party and the general local upbuilding of the county seat and county.

The News was established by W. C. Gould and Frank M. Jones in the second story of McLean's block, opposite the court house, June 3, 1874. It claimed to be "independent upon all subjects-opposed to all monopolies." Gould sold his interest to Jones in 1874, and Jones continued until March, 1876, then moved the plant to Mount Sterling, where, after four months, it suspended publication. After the material of the office had been moved to various points, it finally landed at Jeffersonville, this county, where, in October, 1880, A. Voigt established the Chronicle, which was the pioneer paper of that place. It suspended publication about 1890.

The Church of Christ Advocate (for the Primitive Christian Union), published at Washington C. H., was established in September, 1907, by J. H. McKibban. It was originally published at Spring Valley, Greene county, Ohio, but removed to its present location in 1909. In 1912 a company was formed known as The Church of Christ Advocate Publishing Company, which is an incorporated concern. It is a six-column, four-page paper, run by electric motor presses. It is strictly a religious newspaper and is the special organ of the Church of Christ. It circulates in all parts of the United States. Its day of publication is Thursday. At this date its corresponding editors are Rev. H. C. Leeth, Rev. G. C. McKibban and Everett A. Keaton.

The Washington Daily Herald was established in 1885 by William Millikan & Son. It was published by the Millikan family until 1910, when it was purchased by the Herald Publishing Company. The president of this corporation is W. W. Millikan; vice-president and general manager, Joseph H. Harper, with Charles H. Parrott as secretary and treasurer. It is independent in politics and is the only paper between Cincinnati and Columbus carry

ing the Associated Press dispatches. It is a daily, six-column, eight-page paper, using electric motor power. Its job department is especially well equipped for all up-to-date work. It prints all the daily news of Fayette county, the state and the nation, so far as it relates to decent matter. It goes to the home fireside, and is welcomed each day as a real news-letter.

The Horse Journal, of Washington C. H., was established by a company and is a consolidation of the old Kentucky Stock Farm and the Horse Journal, the former of Lexington, Kentucky, and the latter of Jamestown, Ohio. The present journal is one of sixteen pages, issued each week in the year. It has a circulation in all parts of the United States and Canada, as well as in England. It is devoted to horse interests exclusively. It is printed at the Record-Republican office.

The Jefferson Citizen, a Democratic paper, was established in August, 1884, by Dr. L. A. Elster. He was succeeded in 1888 by L. C. Fults, and he was followed for a time by D. W. Callihan in 1896, and in 1903 it became the property of the Citizen Publishing Company. It is a six-column quarto, run on a gasoline-power press and circulates in Fayette, Greene and Madison counties. Its day of publication is Thursday and its annual subscription price is one dollar. A good, modern equipped job department is run in connection with this newspaper.

The pioneer paper here was perhaps the Chronicle, that suspended about 1890.

THE RECORD-REPUBLICAN.

The Record-Republican is a semi-weekly paper, published at Washington C. H. Its history runs back many years, and its connecting papers have already been mentioned in this chapter. For a time it was semi-weekly, then changed to weekly, then again went to a semi-weekly publication under its present management in 1913. From what was known as the Record Publishing Company, it was sold to a stock company, incorporated with J. H. Williams as president; A. P. Williams, secretary and treasurer, with other stockholders, E. R. Williams, S. A. Evans and D. E. Warren. This company took the property over in July, 1911. It is now published on Tuesday and Friday of each week and is a six-column, eight-page paper, which often runs twenty pages in busy seasons. Politically, it is Republican. It is run on power presses propelled by gas engines. Its job department is complete in every particular. It also prints the Horse Journal, for its publishers, each week.

THE ADVERTISER.

This is a daily journal devoted to local news and business interests of Fayette county and especially the county-seat town. It was established about 1905 by Joseph Gest, who, in 1913, sold to the Galvin Publishing Company, who made it a semi-weekly paper, and later a daily. In May, 1914, it was taken over by the Record-Republican Company, who still issue it daily. It was coupled with the Daily News, established October 11, 1913, by Mr. Williams, and hence is known as the News-Advertiser, and is published by the Record-Republican Company.

On September 17, 1879, T. F. Gardner established The Fayette Republican, as an organ of the Republican party. In its opening announcement it stated, “As a journalist, it shall be the aim to chronicle all the local events of town and county, of which we may become cognizant, be they good or bad.”

PRESENT NEWSPAPERS OF THE COUNTY.

A recent newspaper directory gives the following on the Fayette county papers:

Washington C. H. papers-Church of Christ Advocate; established 1906; Rev. J. H. McKibban, proprietor. Fayette Advertiser, daily; Republican; circulation, 3,000. Herald, daily, established in 1885; circulation, 1,527. Horse Journal, Charles Allen, proprietor; established in 1907; circulation, 6,286. Ohio State Register, weekly; established 1836; Joseph H. Harper; Democratic; circulation, 2,000. Record-Republican; established 1879, a semiweekly; circulation, 3,500.

Jeffersonville-The Citizen, weekly; established in 1884; L. O. Fultz; Democratic; circulation, 8oo.