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5. Kindness or ill-will, as it appears upon the face.

Yet the stout fairy,'mongst the middest crowd, Thought all their glory vain in knightly view; And that great princess too, exceeding proud, That to strange knight no better countenance allow'd. Spenser. 6. Patronage; appearance of favour; appearance on any side; support.

The church of Christ, which held that profession which had not the publick allowance and Countenance of authority, could not use the exercise of the christian religion but in private.

Hooker, His majesty maintained an army here, to give strength and countenance to the civil magistrate. Davies on Ireland.

Now then we 'll use

His countenance for the battle; which being done,

Let her who would be rid of him devise

His speedy taking off. Shakspeare's K. Lear. This is the magistrate's peculiar province: to give countenance to piety and virtue, and to rebuke vice and profaneness, Atterbury. 7. Superficial appearance; show; resemblance.

The election being done, he made countenance of great discontent thereat. Ascham's Schoolm. O you blessed ministers above! Keep me in patience; and with ripen'd time Unfold the evil, which is here wrapt up In countenance. Shakspeare's Meas. for Meas.

Bianca's love

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As from your graves rise up, and walk like I sprites,

Shakspeare.

To countenance this horrour. 4. To encourage; to appear in defence. At the first descent on shore he was not immured with a wooden vessel, but he did countenance the landing in his long-boat. Woiton. COUNTENANCER, n. 5. [from countenance.] One that countenances or supports another.

COUNTER. n. s. [from count.]

1. A false piece of money used as a means of reckoning.

Will you with counters sum The vast proportion of his infinite? Shakspeare, Though these half-pence are to be received as money in the Exchequer, yet in trade they are no better than counters. Swift.

2. Money, in contempt.

When Marcus Brutus grows so covetous To lock such rascal counters from his friends, Be ready, gods! with all your thunder-bolts Dash him to pieces. Shakspeare's Julius Cæsar.

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How cheerfully on the false trail they cry! Oh, this is counter, you false Danish dogs! Shaks, 3. Contrarywise.

4.

A man whom I cannot deny, may oblige me to use persuasions to another, which, at the same time I am speaking, I may wish may not prevail on him in this case, it is plain, the will and the desire run counter. Lecke. The face, in opposition to the back. Not in use.

They hit one another with darts, as the other do with their hands; which they never throw counter, but at the back of the flyer. Sandy, 5. This word is often found in composi tion, and may be placed before either nouns or verbs used in a sense of opposition.

That design was no sooner known, but others of an opposite party were appointed to set a counter-petition on foot. Clarende

To COUNTERACT. v. a. [counter and act.] To hinder any thing from its effect by contrary agency.

In this case we can find no principle within him strong enough to counteract that principle, South and to relieve him. To COUNTERBAʼLANCE, V. a. [counter and balance.] To weigh against; to act against with an opposite weight. There was so much air drawn out of the vessel, that the remaining air was not able to counter balance the mercurial cylinder.

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Few of Adam's children are not born with some bias, which it is the business of education either to take off or counterbalance, Lecke, COUNTERBA'LANCE. n. s. [from the verb.] Opposite weight; equivalent

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purchaseable by it; and lying, as it were, in the opposite scale of commerce. Locke. To COUNTERBU'FF. v. a. [from counter and buff] To impel in a direction opposite to the former impulse; to strike back.

The giddy ship, betwixt the winds and tides Forc'd back and forwards, in a circle rides, Stunn'd with the different blows; then shoots amain,

Till counterbuff'd she stops and sleeps again.

Dryden. COUNTERBU'FF. n. s. [counter and buff.] A blow in a contrary direction; a stroke that produces a recoil.

He at the second gave him such a counterbuff, that, because Phalantus was not to be driven from the saddle, the saddle with broken girths was driven from the horse.

Sidney.

Go, captain Stub, lead on; and show What house you come of, by the blow You give Sir Quintin, and the cuff You 'scape o' th' sandbag's counter buff. Ben Jonson. COUNTERCASTER. n. s. [from counter, for a false piece of money, and caster.] A word of contempt for an arithmetician; a book-keeper; a caster of accounts; a reckoner.

I, of whom his eyes had seen the proof At Rhodes, at Cyprus must be let and calm'd, By debtor and creditor, this countercaster. Shak. COUNTERCHANGE. n. s. [counter and change.] Exchange; reciprocation.

She, like harmless lightning, throws her eye On him, her brothers, me, her master, hitting Each object with a joy. The counterchange Is sev'rally in all. Shakspeare. To Co'UNTERCHANGE. v. a. To give and

receive.

COUNTRECHA'RM. n. s. [counter and charm.] That by which a charm is dissolved; that which has the power of destroying the effects of a charm.

Now touch'd by countercharms they change again,

And stand majestick, and recall'd to men. Pope. To COUNTERCHA'RM. v. a. [from counter and charm.] . To destroy the effect of an enchantment.

Like a spell, it was to keep us invulnerable; and so counter charm all our crimes, that they should only be active to please, not hurt us. Decay of Piety. To COUNTERCHE'CK. v. a. [counter and check.] To oppose; to stop with sudden opposition. COUNTERCHE'CK. n. s. [from the verb.] Stop; rebuke.

If again I said his beard was not well cut, he would say I lye: this is called the countercheck quarrelsome. Shakspeare. To COUNTERDRA'W. v. a. [from counter and draw.] With painters, to copy a design or painting by means of a fine linen cloth, an oiled paper, or other transparent matter, whereon the strokes, appearing through, are traced with a pencil. Chambers. COUNTERE'VIDENCE. n. s. [counter and evidence.] Testimony by which the deposition of some former witness is opposed.

Sense itself detects its more palpable deceits by a counter-evidence, and the more ordinary impostures seldom outlive the first experiments. Glanville.

We have little reason to question his testimony in this point, seeing it is backed by others of good credit; and all because there is no counterevidence, nor any witness that appears against it. Burnet's Theory of the Earth. To COUNTERFEIT. v. a. [contrefaire, French.] 1. To copy with an intent to pass the copy for an original; to forge. What art thou,

That counterfeits the person of a king? Shaksp

It came into this priest's fancy to cause this lad to counterfeit and personate the second son of Edward IV. Supposed to be murdered.

Bacon.

There have been some that could counterfeit the distance of voices, which is a secondary object of hearing, in such sort, as, when they stand fast by you, you would think the speech came from afar off, in a fearful manner.

Басов. Say, lovely dream, where couldst thou find Shadows to counterfeit that face? Waller

It happens, that not one single line or thought is contained in this imposture, although it appears that they who counterfeited me had heard of the Swift

true one.

2. To imitate; to copy; to resemble. And, oh, you mortal engines, whose rude throats

Th' immortal Jove's dread clamours counterfeit, Farewell! Shakspeare

O Eve! in evil hour thou didst give ear To that false worm, of whomsoever taught To counterfeit man's voice. Milion.

To counterfeit, is to put on the likeness and ap pearance of some real excellency: Bristol-stones would not pretend to be diamonds, if there never had been diamonds. Tillotson.

Co'UNTERFEIT. adj. [from the verb.] 1. That is made in imitation of another, with intent to pass for the original; forged; fictitious.

2.

I learn

Now of my own experience, not by talk,
How counterfeit a coin they are, who friends
Bear in their superscription: in prosperous days
They swarm, but in adverse withdraw their head

Milton.

General observations drawn from particulars, are the jewels of knowledge, comprehending great store in a little room; but they are therefore to be made with the greater care and caution, lest, if we take counterfeit for true, our shame be the greater, when our stock comes to a severe scrutiny. Locke. Deceitful; hypocritical.

True friends appear less mov'd than counterfeit. Roscommon. Co'UNTERFEIT. n. s. [from the verb.] 1. One who personates another; an impostor. I am no counterfeit: to die is to be a counter feit; for he is but the counterfeit of a man, who hath not the life of a man. Shakspeare.

This priest, being utterly unacquainted with the true person according to whose pattern he should shape his counterfeit, yet could think it possible for him to instruct his player, either in gesture or fashions, or in fit answers to questions, to come near the resemblance. Bacon.

But trust me, child, I'm much inclin'd to fear Some counterfeit in this your Jupiter. Addison 2. Something made in imitation of an

other, intended to pass for that which it resembles; a forgery.

My father was I know not where, When I was stampt. Some coiner with his tools Made me a counterfeit; yet my mother seem'd The Dian of that time. Shakspeare. There would be no counterfeits but for the sake of something real; though pretenders seem to be what they really are not, yet they pretend to be something that really is. Tillotson. COUNTERFEITER. n. s. [from counterfeit.] A forger; one who contrives copies to pass for originals.

Henry the Second altered the coin, which was corrupted by counterfeiters, to the great good of the commonwealth. Camden. COUNTERFRITLY. adv. [from counterfeit.] Falsely; fictitiously; with for

gery.

Since the wisdom of their choice is rather to have my cap than my heart, I will practise the insinuating nod, and be off to them most counterfeitly. Shakspeare's Coriolanus. COUNTERFERMENT. n. s. [counter and ferment.] Ferment opposed to ferment.

What unnatural motions and counterferments must a medley of intemperance produce in the body! When I behold a fashionable table, I fancy I see innumerable distempers lurking in ambuscade among the dishes. Addison's Spectator. COUNTERFE'SANCE. n. s. [contrefaisance, Fr.] The act of counterfeiting; forgery.

Not in use.

And his man Reynold, with fine counterfesance, Supports his credit and his countenance. Spenser. Such is the face of falsehood, such the sight Of foul Duessa, when her borrow'd light Is laid away, and counter fesance known. Fairy Q COUNTERFORT. n. s. [from counter and fort.

Counterforts, buttresses, or spurs, are pillars serving to support walls or terrasses subject to bulge. Chambers. COUNTERGAGE. n. s. [from counter and gage.] In carpentry, a method used to measure the joints, by transferring the breadth of a mortise to the place where the tenon is to be, in order to make them fit each other. Chambers. COUNTERGUARD. n. s. [from counter and guard.] A small rampart, with parapet and ditch, to cover some part of the body of the place. Military Dict. COUNTERLIGHT. n. s. [from counter and light.] A window or light opposite to. any thing, which makes it appear to a disadvantage. Chambers. To COUNTERMA'ND. v. a. [contremander, French.]

1. To order the contrary to what was ordered or intended before; to contradict, annul, or repeal, a command.

In states notoriously irreligious, a secret and irresistible power countermands their deepest pro jects, and smites their policies with frustration South.

and a curse.

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2. To oppose; to contradict the orders of another.

For us to alter any thing, is to lift up ourselves against God, and, as it were, to countermend him. Hooker.

.3. To prohibit.

Avicen countermands letting blood in cholerick

bodies, because he esteems the blood a bridle of the gall. Harney. COUNTERMA'ND. n. s. [contremand, Fr.] Repeal of a former order.

Have you no countermand for Claudio yet, But must he die to-morrow? Shakspeare. To COUNTERMA'RCH. v. n. [counter and march.] To march backward, to march in indirect ways. COUNTERMA'RCH. n. s. [from the verb.] 1. Retrocession; march backward; match in a different direction from the former. How are such an infinite number of things placed with such order in the memory, notwithstanding the tumults, marches, and countr• marches, of the animal spirits?

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2. Change of measures; alteration of conduct.

They make him do and undo, go forward and backwards, by such countermarches and retractions as we do not willingly impute to wisdom. Bers. COUNTERMA'R K. n. s.[counter and mark.] 1. A second or third mark put on a bale of goods belonging to several merchants, that it may not be opened but in the presence of them all.

2. The mark of the goldsmiths company, to shew the metal is standard, added to that of the artificer.

3.

An artificial cavity made in the teeth

of horses that have outgrown their na tural mark, to disguise their age. 4. A mark added to a medal a long time after it is struck, by which the curious know the several changes in value which it has undergone.

Chambers. To COUNTERMAʼRK. v. a. [counter and mark.]

A horse is said to be countermarked, when his corner teeth are artificially made hollow, afte mark being made in the hollow place, in imitation of the eye of a bean, to conceal the horse's age. Farrier's Di

COUNTERMINE. n. s. [counter and mine 1. A well or hole sunk into the ground,

2.

3.

from which a gallery or branch runs out under ground, to seek out the enemy's mine, and disappoint it. Military Diet. After this they mined the walls, laid the pow der, and rammed the mouths; but the citizens made a countermine, and therein they poured such a plenty of water that the wet powder Hayward

could not be fired.

Means of opposition; means of coun

teraction.

He thinking himself contemned, knowing to countermine against contempt but terror, begaa to let nothing pass, which might bear the colour of a fault, without sharp punishment. Sady A stratagem by which any contrivance

is defeated.

tion.

The matter being brought to a trial of skill, the countermine was only an act of self-preserve L'Estrang To COUNTERMINE. v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To delve a passage into an enemy's mine, by which the powder may evap rate without mischief. 2. To counterwork; to defeat by secret

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raculously countermine us, and do more for us than we can do against ourselves. Decay of Piety. COUNTERMO'TION. n. 5. counter and motion.] Contrary motion; opposition of motion.

That resistance is a countermotion, or equivalent to one, is plain by this; that any body which is pressed, must needs press again on the body that presses it. Digby on the Soul. If any of the returning spirits should happen to fall foul upon others which are outward bound, these countermotions would overset them, Collier. or occasion a later arrival.

COUNTERMO'RE. n. s. [contremur, Fr.] A wall built up behind another wall, to supply its place.

The great shot flying through the breach, did beat down houses; but the countermure, new built against the breach, standing upon a lower Knolles. ground, it seldom touched. COUNTER NATURAL. adj. [counter and natural.] Contrary to nature.

A consumption is a counternatural hectick extenuation of the body. Harvey on Consumptions. COUNTERNO'ISE. n. s. [counter and noise.] A sound by which any other noise is overpowered.

They endeavoured, either by a constant succession of sensual deligi.ts to charm and lull asleep, or else by a counternoise of revellings and riotous excesses to drown, the softer whispers of their conscience. Calamy's Sermons. COUNTERO'PENING, n. s. [counter and opening.] An aperture or vent on the contrary side.

A tent, plugging up the orifice, would make the matter recur to the part disposed to receive it, and mark the place for a counteropening. Sharp's Surgery. COUNTERPACE. n. s. [counter and pace.] Contrary measure; attempts in opposition to any scheme.

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When the least counterpaces are made to these resolutions, it will then be time enough for our Swift. malecontents. COUNTERPANE. n. s. [contrepoint, Fr.] A coverlet for a bed, or any thing else woven in squares. It is sometimes written, according to etymology, counterpoint.

In ivory coffers I have stuff'd my crowns;
In cypress chests my arras counterpanes. Shaksp.
COUNTERFA'R T. n. s. [counter and part.]
The correspondent part; the part which
answers to another, as the two papers
of a contract; the part which fits an-
other, as the key of a cipher.

In some things the laws of Normandy agreed
with the laws of England; so that they seem to
be, as it were, copies, or counterparts one of an-
other.
Hale's Law of England.
An old fellow with a young wench, may pass
L'Estrange.
for a counterpart of this fable.

Oh counterpart
Of our soft sex! well are you made our lords:
So bold, so great, so god-like are you form'd,
How can you love so silly things as women?

look

Dryden. He is to consider the thought of his author, and his words; and to find out the counterpart to Dryden. each in another language. In the discovery, the two different plots like counterparts and copies of one another. Addis. COUNTERPLE'A, n. s. [from counter and plea,] In law, a replication; as, if a

stranger to the action begun, desire to be
admitted to say what he can for the safe-
guard of his estate, that which the de-
mandant allegeth against this request is
Cowell.
called a counterplea.

To COUNTERPLO'T. v. a. [counter and
plot.] To oppose one machination by
another; to obviate art by art.
COUNTERPLOT. n. s. [from the verb.]
An artifice opposed to an artifice.

The wolf that had a plot upon the kid, was
confounded by a counterplot of the kid's upon the
wolf; and such a counterplot as the wolf, with
all his sagacity, was not able to smell out.
L'Estrange
COUNTERPOINT. n. s. A coverlet woven
in squares, commonly spoken counter-
pane. See COUNTERPANE.
To COUNTERPOISE. v. a. [counter and
poise.]

1. To counterbalance; to be equiponde-
rant to; to act against with equal
weight.

Our spoils we have brought home
Do more than counterpoise a full third part
The charges of the action.
Shakspeare.

The force and the distance of weights counterpoising one another, ought to be reciprocal. Digby. 2. To produce a contrary action by an equal weight.

The heaviness of bodies must be counterpoised by a plummet fastened about the pulley to the axis. Wilkins.

3. To act with equal power against any person or cause.

So many freeholders of English will be able to Spenser. beard and to counterpoise the rest. COUNTERPOISE. n. s. [from counter and poise.]

1

1. Equiponderance; equivalence of weight;
equal force in the opposite scale of the
balance.

Take her by the hand,
And tell her she is thine: to whom I promise
A counterpoise; if not in thy estate,
A balance more replete.

Shakspeare. Fastening that to our exact balance, we put a metalline counterpoise into the opposite scale. Boyle's Spring of the Air. 2. The state of being placed in the opposite scale of the balance.

Th' Eternal hung forth his golden scales,
Wherein all things created first he weigh'd;
The pendulous round earth, with balanc'd air
Milton's Par. Lost.
In counterpoise
3. Equipollence equivalence of power.
The second nobles are a counterpoise to the
higher nobility, that they grow not too potent.

:

Bacon.

Their generals, by their credit in the army, were, with the magistrates and other civil officers, a sort of counterpoise to the power of the people. Swift. COUNTERPOISON. n. s. [counter and poison.] Antidote; medicine by which the effects of poison are obviated.

Connterpoisons must be adapted to the cause; for example, in poison from sublimate corrosive, Arbuthnot. and arsenick.

COUNTERPRESSURE. n. 3. [counter and pressure.] Opposite force; power acting in contrary directions.

Does it not all mechanick heads confound, That troops of atoms from all parts around, Of equal number, and of equal force, Should to this single point direct their course; That so the counter pressure, ev'ry way Of equal vigour, might their motions stay, And by a steady poise the whole in quiet lay? Blackmore. COUNTERPROJECT. n. s. [counter and project.] Correspondent part of a scheme.

A clear reason why they never sent any forces to Spain, and why the obligation not to enter into a treaty of peace with France until that entire monarchy was yielded as a preliminary, was struck out of the counterproject by the Dutch.

Swift. To COUNTERPRO'VE. v. a. [from counter and prove.] To take off a design in black lead, or red chalk, by passing it through the rolling-press with another piece of paper, both being moistened with a sponge. Chambers.

To COUNTERRO'L. v. a. [counter and roll. This is now generally written as it is spoken, control.] To preserve the power of detecting frauds, by another

account.

COUNTERRO'LMENT. x. s. [from counter rol.] A counter account; controlment.

This manner of exercising of this office, hath many testimonies, interchangeable warrants, and counterrolments; whereof each, running through the hands, and resting in the power, of many several persons, is sufficient to argue and convince all manner of falshood. Bacon. COUNTERSCARP. n.s. [from counter and scarp.] That side of the ditch which is next the camp, or properly the talus that supports the earth of the covertway: although by this term is often understood the whole covert-way, with its parapet and glacis; and so it is to be understood when it is said the enemy lodged themselves on the counterstarp

Harris.

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Let cheerfulness on happy fortune wait, And give not thus the countertime to fate. Dry COUNTERTURN. n. s. [counter and turn.}

The catastasis, called by the Romans status, the height and full growth of the play, we may call properly the counterturn; which destroys that expectation, embroils the action in new difficul ties, and leaves you far distant from that hope in which it found you. Dryden. To COUNTERVAIL. v. a. [contra and valeo, Lat.] To be equivalent to; to have equal force or value; to act against with equal power.

In some men there may be found such qualities as are able to countervail those exceptions which might be taken against them, and such men's authority is not likely to be shaken off. Heeker. And therewithal he fiercely at him flew, And with important outrage him assail'd; Who, soon prepar'd to field, his sword forth drew,

And him with equal valour countervail'd. FairyQ The outward streams, which descend, must be of so much force as to countervail all that weight whereby the ascending side does exceed the other. Wilkins's Dedaluı. We are to compute, that, upon balancing the account, the profit at last will hardly countervail the inconveniencies that go along with it.

L'Estrange COUNTERVAʼIL. n. s. [from the verb.] 1. Equal weight; power or value sufficient to obviate any effect or objection. 2. That which has equal weight or value with something else.

Surely, the present pleasure of a sinful act is a poor countervail for the bitterness of the review; which begins where the action ends, and lasts for ever. South's Sermoni.

COUNTERVIEW. n. s. [counter and view.} 1. Opposition; a posture in which two persons front each other.

Mean while, ere thus was sinn'd and judg'd on earth,

Within the gates of hell sat Sin and Death In counterview. Milton's Paradise Lus, 2. Contrast; a position in which two dis similar things illustrate each other.

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I have drawn some lines of Linger's character, on purpose to place it in counterview or contrast COUNTERWORK. a. [counter and with that of the other company. Swift. work.] To counteract; to hinder any effect by contrary operations.

But heav'n's great view is one, and that the whole;

That counterworks each folly and caprice; That disappoints th' effect of ev'ry vice. Pop COUNTESS. n. s. [comitissa, Lat. comfest, Fr.] The lady of an earl or count.

I take it, she that carries up the train, Is that old noble lady, the duchess of Norfolk. -It is; and all the rest are countesses. Shakip, It is the peculiar happiness of the centers of Abingdon to have been so truly loved by you while she was living, and so gratefully honoured

after she was dead.

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CO'UNTING-HOUSE. n. s.[ count and bowe.] The room appropriated by traders to their books and accounts.

Men in trade seldom think of laying out o ney upon land, till their profit has brougie them in more than their trade can well employ; and their idle bags cumbering their coasting-le Lock put them upon emptying them. COUNTLESS. adj. [from count.] Inou

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