times the power of the French à in Derived, according to Menage, from the these phrases, à droit, à gauche, &c.; Italian abandonare, which signifies to and sometimes to be contracted from forsake his colours; bandum (vexillum] at, as, aside, aslope, afoot, asleep, athirst, deserere. Pasquier thinks it a coalition aware. of à ban donner, to give up to a proI gin to be a-weary of the sun; scription; in which sense we, at this And wish the state of th' world were now undone. Shakspeare's Macbeth. day, mention the ban of the empire. And now a breeze from shore began to blow : Ban, in our own old dialect, signifies a The sailors ship their oars, and cease to row; curse ; and to abandon, if considered as Then hoist their yards a-trip, and all their sails compounded between French and SaxLet fall, to court the wind and catch the gales. on, is exactly equivalent to diris devoDryder's Ceyx and Alcyone. A little house with trees e-row, vere.] And, like its master, very low. Pope's Horace. 1. To give up, resign, or, quit : often fol8. A is sometimes redundant; as, arise, lowed by the particle to. If she be so abandon'd to her sorrow arouse, awake; the same with rise, rouse, As it is spoke, she never will admit me, wake, Sboksp. Twelfth Night. 9. A, in abbreviation, stands for artium, The passive gods behold the Greeks detile or arts; as, A. B. bachelor of arts, ar Their temples, and abandon to the spoil tium baccalaureus; A. M, master of arts, Their own abodes; we, feeble few, conspire artium magister : or, anno ; as, A. D. 'To save a sinking town, involv'd in fire. Dryden's Æneid. anno domini. Who is he so abandoned to sottish cruelty, as AB, at the beginning of the names of to think, that a clod of earth in a sack may ever, places, generally shows that they have by eternal shaking, receive the fabric of man's some relation to an abbey, as Abingdon. body? Bentley's Sermons. Gibson. Must he, whose altars on the Phrygian shore ABACK. adv. [from back.] Backward. With frequent rites, and pure, avow'd thy pow'r, Obsolete. Be doom'd the worst of human ills to prove, But when they came where thou thy skill Unbless'd, abandon'd to the wrath of Jove? didst show, Pope's Odyssey., They drew abacke, as half with shame con 2. To desert ; to forsake : in an ill'sense. found. Spenser's Pastorals. AB A'CTOR. n. s. [Latin.] One who The princes using the passions of fearing evil, and desiring to escape, only to serve the rule of drives away or steals cattle in herds, or virtue, not to abandon one's self, leapt to a rib great numbers at once, in distinction of the ship: Sidney. from those that steal only a sheep or Seeing the hurt stag alone, two. Blount. Left and abandon'd of his velvet friends : 'Tis right, quoth he; thus misery doth part A'BACUS. n. s. [Latin.] The flux of company, Sbaksp. as you like ile 1. A counting-table, anciently used in cal. What fate a wretched fugitive attends ! culations. Scorn'd by my foes, abandon'd by my friends. 2. [In architecture.] Theuppermost mem Dryden. ber of a column, which serves as a sort But to the parting goddess thus she pray'd : Propitious still be present to my aid, of crowning both to the capital and co Nor quite abandon your once favour'd maid ! lumn. Dict. Dryden's Fables. A Ba'ft. adv. (of abaftan, Sax. behind.] 3. To forsake; to leave. From the forepart of the ship, toward He holdly spake, Sir knight, if knight thou be, the stern. Dict. Abandon this forestalled place at erst, ABAI'SANCE, n. s. [from the French For fear of further harm, I counsel thee. abaisser, to depress, to bring down.] An Spenser's Fairy Queca. act of reverence ; a bow. Obeysance is TO ABANDON over. v.a. (a form of considered by Skinner as a corruption of writing not usual, perhaps not exact.] abaisance, but is now universally used. To give up to; to resign. Look on me as a man obandon'do'er TO ABA’LIENATE. v. a. (from abalieno, To an eternal lethargy of love; Lat.) To make that another's which To pull, and pinch, and wound me, cannot cure, was our own before. A term of the civil And but disturb the quiet of my death. Dryder. law, not much used in common specch. ABA'N DONED. particip. adj. Corrupted ABALIEN A'TION.m. s. [abalienatio, Lat.] in the highest degree; as, an abandoned The act of giving up one's right to an wreich. In this sense, it is a contraction other person ; or a making over an es of a longer form ; abandoned (given up] tate, goods, or chattels, by sale, or due to wickedness. · course of law, Dict: ABA'NDONING. (a verbal noun, from TO ABAND. v. a. (A word contracted abandon.] Desertion ; forsaking. from abandon, but not now in use. See He hoped his past meritorious actions might ABANDON.] To forsake. outweigh his present abandoning the thought of future action. They stronger are Clarendon, Than they which sought at first their helping ABA'N DONMENT. n. so (abandonnement, hand, French.) Spenser's Fairy Queen, 2. The state of being abandoned. Dick To ABANDON. v. a. Cabandonner, Fr. ABANNI’TION. it. so [Lat. abannitio.] A banishment for one or two years, for The little Cupids hov'ring round, manslaughter. Obsolete. Dict. FAs pictures prove) with garlands crown'd, Abasbd at what they saw and heard, To ABA'RE. v. a. (abanian, Sáx.] To Flew off, nor ever more appear’d. make bare, uncover, or disclose. Dict. Swifi's Miscellanies. ABARTICULA'TION. n. s.[from ab, from, To ABA'TE. v. a. [from the French and articulus, a joint, Lat.] A good and abattre, to beat down.] apt construction of the bones, by which 1. To lessen ; to diminish. they move strongly and easily ; or that Who can tell whether the divine wisdom, to species of articulation that has manifest ahate the glory of those kings, did not reserve motion. Dict. this work to be done by a queen, that it might To AB A'SE. v. a. (Fr. abaisser, from the appear to be his own immediate work? Sir Fobn Davies on Ireland. Lat. basis, or bassus, a barbarous word, If you did know to whom I gave the ring, signifying low, base. ) And how unwillingly I left the ring, 1. To depress; to lower. You would abate the strength of your displeasure. It is a point of cunning to wait upon him with Sbakspeare: whom you speak with your eye; yet with a de Here we see the hopes of great benefit and mure abasing of it sometimes. Bacon, light from expositors and commentators, are in 2. To cast down ; to depress; to bring a great part abated; and those who have most low: in a figurative and personal sense, need of their help, can receive but little from them. Locke's Essay on St. Paul's Epistles. which is the common use. Happy shepherd! to the gods be thankful, that 2. To deject or depress the mind. This iron world to thy advancement their wisdoms have thee Brings down the stoutest hearts to lowest state: abaset. Sidney. For misery doch bravest minds abate. Behold every one that is proud, and abase him. Fob Spenser's Hubberd's Tele. Have the power still To banish your defenders; till at length As most abated captives, to some nation That won you without blows! Shakspeare. If the mind be curbed and humbled too much Time, that changes all, yet changes us in vain; in children; if their spirits be abased and broken The body, not the mind; nor can controul mech by too strict an hand over them; they lose Th’immortal vigour, or abate the soul. all their vigour and industry. Locke on Educ. Dryden's Æneid. ABA'se D. adj. [with heralds.] A term 3. In commerce, to let down the price used of the wings of eagles, when the in selling, sometimes to beat down the top looks downward toward the point price in buying. of the shield; or when the wings are TO ABA'T E. V. 17. shut; the natural way of bearing them 1. To grow less : as, his passion abates ; being spread, with the top pointing. the storın abates. It is used sometimes to the chief of the angle. with the particle of before the thing Bailey. Chambers. lessened. ADA'SEMENT. n. s. The state of being Our physicians have observed, that in process brought low; the act of bringing low; of time, some diseases have abated of their virus depression. lence, and have, in a manner, woru out their There is an abasement because of glory; and malignity, so as to be no longer mortal. there is that lifteth up his head from a low estate. Dryden's Hind and Panther. Ecclus. 2. In common law. T, ABA'SH. v. a. (See BASHFUL. Per. It is in law used both actively and neuterly ; haps from abaisser, French.] as, to ubate a castle, to beat it downh. To abate a writ, is, by some exception, to defeat or over1. To put into confusion; to make asham throw it. A stranger abateth, that is, entereth ed. "It generally implies a sudden im upon a house or land void by the death of him pression of shame. that last possessed it, before the heir take his They heard, and were abasb'd. Milt. Par. Last. possession, and so keepeth him out Wherefore, This heard, th' imperious queen sat mute with as he that putteth out him in posse. sion, is said to fear; disse ise; so he that steppeth in between the forNor further durst incense the gloomy thunderer. mer possessor and his heir, is said to abate. In Silence was in the court at this rebuke : the neuter signification thus : The writ of the Nor could the gods, abasbid, sustain their sove demandment shall abate, that is, shall be disabled, reign's look. Dryden's Fables, frustrateł, or overthrown. The appeal abatah. 2. The passive adınits the particle at, by covin, that is, that the accusation is defeated by deceit. Cowell, sometimes of, before the causal noun. In no wise speak against the truth, but be 3. [In horsemanship.] A horse is said to ebaibel of the error cf thy ignorance. Ecclus. abate or take down his curvets; when I said unto her, from whence is this kid ? is working upon curvets, he puts his two it not stolen? But she replied upon me, it was hind legs to the ground both at once, given for a gift, more than the wages: however, and observes the same exactness in all I did not believe her, and I was abasbed at her. the times. Dict. Tobit. In the admiration only of weak minds, ABA'TEMENT.n. s. (abatement, Fr.] Led captive: cease to admire, and all her plumes 1. The act of abating or lessening. Fall flat, and sink into a trivial toy, Xenophon tells us, chat the city contained At every sudden slighting quite abasbt. about ten thousand houses; and allowing one Milton's Paradise Lost. man to every house, who could have any share canons. in the government (the rest consisting of women, And here the abbess shuts the gate on us, children, and servants), and making other ob And will not suffer us to fetch him out. Sbak. vious abatements, these tyrants, if they had been I have a sister, abbess in Terceras, careful to adhere together, might have been a Who lost her lover on her bridal day. Dryden. majority even of the people collective Constantia, as soon as the solemnities of her Swift on the Contests in Athens and Rome. reception were over, retired with the abbess in2. The state of being abated. to her own apartment. Addisor. Coffee has, in.common with all nuts, an oil A'BBEY, or ABBY. n. s. (Lat. abbatia ; strongly combined and entangled with earthy from whence probably first ABBACY, particles. The most noxicus part of oil exhale's which see.] À monastery of religious in roasting, to the abatement of near one quarter of its weight. Arbuthnot on Aliments. persons, whether men or women ; dis3. The sum or quantity taken away by tinguished from religious houses of other the act of abating: denominations by larger privileges. See The law of works is that law, which requires ABBOT. perfect obedience, without remission or abate With easy roads he came to Leicester; ment; so that, by that law, a man cannot be Lodg'd in the abbey, where the reverend abbot, just, or justified, without an exact perforınance With all his convent, honourably receiv'd him. of every tittle. Locke. Shakspeare. 4. The cause of abating ; extenuation. A'BBEY-LUBBER. n. s. (See LUBBER.] As our advantages towards practising and pro A slothful loiterer in a religious house, moting piety and virtue were greater than those under pretence of retirement and austeof other men, so will our excuse be less, if we rity. neglect to make use of them. We cannot plead This is no father Dominic, no huge overin abatement of our guilt, that we were ignorant grown abbey-lubber; this is but a diminutive of our duty, under the prepossession of ill habits, sucking friar. and the bias of a wrong education. Dryden's Spanish Friar. Atterbury. ABBOT. 1. s. [in the lower Latin abbas, 5. [In law.] The act of the abator; as, from 24, father, which sense was still the abatement of the heir into the land before he hath agreed with the lord. implied ; so that the abbots were called The affection or passion of the thing patres and abbesses matres monasterii. abated; as,abatement of the writ. Cowell. Thus Fortunatus to the abbot Paternus : 6. [With heralds.] An accidental mark, Nominis officium jure, Paterne, geris.] which being added to a coat of arms, The chief of a convent, or fellowship of the dignity of it is abased, by reason of Of these, some in England some stain or dishonourable quality of were mitred, some not : those that were the bearer. Dict. mitred, were exempted from the jurisABA'TER. n. s. The agent or cause by diction of the diocesan, having in them. which an abatement is procured ; that selves episcopal authority within their by which any thing is lessened. precincts, and being also lords of parliaAbaters of acrimony or sharpness, are ex ment. The other sort were subject to pressed oils of ripe vegetables, and all prepara the diocesan in all spiritual government, tions of such; as of almonds, pistachoes, and Cowell, other nuts. Arbutbrot on Diet. See ABBEY. ABA'TOR, N. S. [a law term.] One who A'BBOTSHIP. n. s. The state or priviintrudes into houses or land, void lege of an abbot. Dict. the death of the former possessor, and T. ABBREVIATE. v. yet not entered upon or taken up by breviare.] his beir. Dict. 1. To shorten by contraction of parts, A'BATUDE. 1. s. [old records.] Any without lass of the main substance; to thing diminished. Bailey, abridge. A'BATURE. n. s. [from abattre, French.) It is one thing to abbreviate by contracting, Those sprigs of grass which are thrown another by cutting off. Bacon's Essays. down by a stag in his passing by. Dict. The only invention of late years, which hath ABB. n. s. The yarn on a weaver's warp : contributed towards politeness in discourse, is a term among clothiers. Chambers. that of abbreviating or reducing words of many syllables into one, 6;. lopping off the rest. Swift. A'BBA. n. s. (Heb. 2N] A Syriac word, 2. To shorten; to cut short. which signifies father. Set the length of their days before the flood; A'BBACY. n. s. (Lat. abbatia.] The rights which were abbreviated after, and contracted into hundreds and threescores. or privileges of an abbot. See Abbey. According to Felinus, an abbacy is the dignity Brown's Vulgar Erreurs itself; since an abbot is a term or word of dig- ABBREVIA’TION. n. s. nity, and not of office; and, therefore, even a 1. The act of abbreviating. secular person, who has the care of souls, is 2. The means used to abbreviate, as chasometimes, in the canon law, also stiled an abbot. Ayliffe's Par. Juris Canonici. racters signifying whole words; words contracted. A'BBESS. n. (Lat. abbatissa, from whence the Saxon abudisre, then pro Such is the propriety and energy in them all, that they never can be changed, but to disadbably abbatess, and by contraction yantage, except in the circumstance of using ababbesse in Fr, and abbess, Eng.) The breviations. superiour or governess of a nunnery or ABBREVIATOR.n. s. (abbreviateur, Fr.] monastery of women. One who abbreviates, or abridges. They fled ABBREVIATURE. n. so (abbreviatura, Into this abbey, whither we pursued them; Latin.] a. [Lat. ab Swift. L. A mark used for the sake of shortening. A&DO'MINAL ? adj. Relating to the 2. A compendium or abridgment. ABDO'MINOUS. } abdomen. He is a good man, who grieves racher for him TO ABDU'CE. v. a. (Lat. abduco.] To that injures him, than for his own suffering; who draw to a different part; to withdraw prays for him that wrongs him, forgiving all his faults; who sooner shews mercy than anger; one part from another : a word chiefly who offers violence to his appetite, in all things used in physick or science. endeavouring to subdue the flesh to the spirit. If we abduce the eye into either corner, the This is an excellent abbreviature of the whole object will not duplicate ; for, in that position, duty of a christian. Taylor's Guide to Devotion. the axes of the cones renain in the same plane, ABBREUVOI'R. [French, a watering as is demonstrated in the optics delivered by place. Ital. abbeverato, dal verbo bevere. Galen. Brown's Vulgar Erreurs, Lat. bibere. Abbeverari i cavalli. This ABDU'CENT. adj. Muscles abducent, are word is derived by Menage, not much those which serve to open or pull back divers parts of the body; their oppo. acquainted with the Teutonick dialects, from adbibare for adbibere ; but more sites being called adducent. Dicta ABDU'CTION. n. s. [abductio, Latin.] probably it comes from the same root with brew. See Brew.] Among masons, 1. The act of drawing apart, or withdraw. the joint or juncture of two stones, or ing one part from another. the interstice between two stones to be 2. A particular form of argument. filled up with mortar. Dict. ABDUCTOR. 1. s. (abductor, Lat.] The A'BBY. See ABBEY. name given by anatomists to the musA, B, C. cles which serve to draw back the se1. The alphabet ; as, he has not learned veral members. bis a, b, c. He supposed the constrictors of the eyelids must be strengthened in the supercilious; the 2. The little book by which the elements abductors in drunkards, and contemplative men, of reading are taught. who have the same steady and grave motion of the Then comes question like an a, b, c, book. eye. Arbuthnot and Pope's Martinus Scriblerus. Sbakspeare. TO A'BDICATE. v. a. (Lat. abdico.] ABECEDA'RIAN. n. s. [from the names of To give up right; to resign ; to lay a, b, c, the three first letters of the al phabet.] He that teaches or learns the down an office. Old Saturn here, with upcast eyes, alphabet, or first rudiments of literaBeheld his abdicated skies. Addison. ture. ABDICATION. n. s. (abdicatio, Latin.) This word is used by Wood in his The act of abdicating ; resignation ; Athena Oxonienses ; where, mentioning quitting an office by one's own proper Farnaby the critic, he relates that, in act before the usual or stated expiration. some part of his life, he was reduced to Neither doth it appear how a prince's abdica follow the trade of an abecedarian by tien can make any other sort of vacancy in the his misfortunes. throne, than would be caused by his death; A'BECEDARY. adj. [See ABECEDAsince he cannot abdicate for his children, otherwise than by his own consent in form to a bill RIAN.] from the two houses. Swifi's Cb.of Eng. Nlan. 1. Belonging to the alphabet. A'BDICATIVE. adj. That causes or im 2. Inscribed with the alphabet. plies an abdication. Dict. This is pretended from the sympathy of two A'editive. adj. [from abdo, to hide.] needles touched with the loadstone, and placed That has the power or quality of hiding. in the center of two abecedary circles, or rmgs of letters, described round about them; one Dict. friend keeping one, and another the other, and ABDOʻMEN. n. s. (Lat. from abdo, to agrceing upon an hour wherein they will comhide.] A cavity commonly called the municate. Brown's Vulgar Errours, lower venter or belly: it contains the ABE'D. adv. (from a, for at, and bed.] stomact, guts, liver, spleen, bladder, and In bed. is within lined with a membrane called It was a shame for them to mar their comthe peritonæum. The lower part is call plexions, yea and conditions too, with long lying abed: when she was of their age, she would ed the hypogastrium ; the foremost part have made a handkerchief by that time o' day, is divided into the epigastrium, the right Sidney. and left hypocondria, and the navel; She has not been abed, but in her chapel 't is bounded above by the cartilago en All night devoutly watch'd. Dryden. siformis and the diaphragm, sideways ABE'R RANCE. ( 17. s. [from aberro, Lat. by the short or lower ribs, and behind ABERRANCY. S to wander from the by the vertebræ of the loins, the bones right way.] A deviation from the right of the coxendix, that of the pubes, and way; an errour; a mistake ; a false os sacrum. It is covered with several opinion. muscles, from whose alternate relaxa They do not only swarm with errours, but tions and contractions, in respiration, vices depending thereon. Thus they commonly digestion is forwarded, and the due mo affect no man any farther than he deserts his reation of all the parts therein contained son, or complies with their aberrarcies. Brown's Pulgar Errours, promoted, both for secretion and ex Could a man be composed to such an advan• pulsion. Quincy: tage of constitution, that it should not at all The abdomen consists of parts containing and adulterate the images of his mind; yet this sesontained. Wiseman's Surgery. cond nature would alter the crasis of his under 1 standing, and render it as obnoxious to aber- ABGREGATION. n. 'ś. (abgregatio, Lat.} rances as now, Glanville's Scepsis Scientifica. Dict. A separation from the flock. ABE'RRANT. adj. [from aberrans, Lat.] To ABHOʻR. v. a. [abhorreo, Lat.) To Deviating ; wandering from the right hate with acrimony; to detest to extreor known way. Dict. mity; to loathe ; to abominate. ABERRA'TION.n.s. [from aberratio, Lat.) Whilst I was big in clamour, came a man The act of deviating from the common Who, having seen me in my worser state, or from the right track. Shunn'd my abborr'd society. Sbaks. K. Lear. If it be a mistake, there is no heresy in such Justly thou abhorr'st an harmless aberration; the probability of it will That son, who on the quiet state of men render it a lapse of easy pardon. Glanville. Such trouble brought, affecting to subdue Milt. Par. Lart, The self-same thing they will abbor One way, and long another for. Hudibras. no example. ] Wandering; going astray. A church of England man abbors the humour Divers were out in their account; aberring se of the age, in delighting to ting scandals upon the veral ways from the true and just compute, and clergy in general; which, besides the disgrace Swift. ABHO'RRENCE.? 71. s. [from abhor.] utterly, Dict. TO ABE'T. v. a. [from beran, Sax, sig 1. The act of abhorring; detestation. It draws upon him the hatred and abborrence nifying to enkindle or animate.] To of all men here; and subjects him to the wrath push forward another; to support him of God hereafter. Soutb's Sermons. in his designs by connivance, encourage 2. The disposition to abhor ; hatred. ment, or help. It was once indifferent, Even a just and necessary defence does, by but is almost always taken by modern giving men acquaintance with war,take oil suniea writers in an ill sense; as may be seen what from the abhorrence of it, and insensibly in A BETTER. dispose them to hostilities. Dray of Piety, The first tendency to any injustice ibat ap: To abet, signifieth, in our common law, as pears, must be suppressed with a shew of wonder Cowell. much as to encourage or set on. and abborrency in the parents and governours. Then sliall I soon, quoth ho, return again, Locke on Education. ABHO'RRENT. adj. [from obhor. ] 1. Struck with abhorrence; loathing. Contracted to me, for my spouse, For if the worlds Combin'd with him to break her word, In worlds inclos'd could on his senses kurst, Hudibras. And has abetted all. He would abborrent turn. Tuomion's Sumner. Men lay so great weight upoa right opinions, 2. Contrary to ; foreign ; inconsistent and eagerness of abetting them, that they account with. It is used with the particles from that the unum necessarium. Decay of Piety: They abetted both parties in the civil war; and or to, but more properly with from. always furnished supplies to the weaker side, This I conceive to be an hypothesis well wor. lest there should be an end put to those fatal thy a rational belief; and yet it is so abborrent divisions. Addison's Freebolder. from the vulgar, that they would as soon be liese Anaxagoras, that snow is black, as him that should affirm it is not white. Glan. Scep. Scieni. ABE'TTER, or ABE'TTOR. 7. s. He that Why then these foreign thoughts of state eni ployments, abets; the supporter or encourager, of Abborrent to your function and your breeding? another. Poor droning truants of unpractis'd cells, Whilst calumny has two such potent abetters, Bred in the fellowship of bearded boys, we are not to wonder at its growth: as long as What wonder is it if you know not men? Dryd men are malicious and desiguing, they will be ABHOʻRRER. N. s. [from abhor.) The traducing Government of the Tongue. person that abhors; a hater; a detester. Th' abettor, partner (if you like the name), The lower clergy were railed at for disputing The husband, of a tyrant; but no king, the power of the bishops, by the known abborrers Till you deserve that title by your justice. of episcopacy; and abused for doing norning in Dryden's Spanish Friar. the convocations, by these very m.cn who want. These considerations, though they may have ed to bind up their hands. no influence on the multitude, ought to sink to ABHO'BRING. The object of abhorrence. the minds of those who are their abettars; and This seems not to be the proper use of who, if they escape punishment here, must know the participial noun. that these several mischiefs will be one day laid They shall" go forth, and look upon the care to their charge. Addison's Freeholder. cases of the men that have transgressed against aboyer; allatrare, to bark at.] This word their fire be quenched, and they shall be an ab- TO ABI'DE. V. n. pret. I abode or abid. abeyance, when it is all only in the re (from bidran, or aubidian, Sax.] membrance, intendment, and conside 1. To dwell in a place ; not to remove ; ration, of the law. The frank tenement of the glebe of the parsonage, is in no Thy servant became surety for the lad upto my father, saying, if I bring him not unto thee, man during the time that the parsonage then I shall bear the blame to my father for ever. is vaid, but is in abeyance. Cowell, Now therefore I yray thee, let thy servant ebide Swifi's Examiner. Isaiab. to stay. |