Be a good soldier or upright trustee, An arbitrator from corruption free. 2. A governour; a president. Dryden. Though heav'n be shut, And heav'n's high arbitrator sit secure In his own strength, this place may be expos'd. Milton. 3. He that has the power of prescribing to others without limit or control. Another Blenheim or Ramillies will make the confederates master of their own terms, and arbitrators of a peace. Addison on the State of the War. 4. The determiner; he that puts an end to any affair. But now the arbitrator of despairs, Just death, kind umpire of man's miseries, With sweet enlargement doth dismiss me hence. The end crowns all; Shakspeare. Shakspeare. And that old common arbitrator, time, Will one day end it. ARBITREMENT. n. s. [from arbitror, Latin.] . Decision; determination. I know the knight is incensed against you, even to a mortal arbitrement; but nothing of the circumstance more. Shakspeare. We of the offending side Must keep aloof from strict arbitrement. Shaks. Aid was granted, and the quarrel brought to the arbitrement of the sword. Hayward. 2. Compromise. Lukewarm persons think they may accommodate points of religion by middle ways, and witty reconcilements; as if they would make an arbitrement between God and man. Bacon. A'R BORARY. adj. [arborarius, Lat.] Belonging to a tree. Dict. ARBO'REOUS. adj. [arboreus, Lat.] 1. Belonging to trees; constituting a tree. A grain of mustard becomes arboreous. Brown. 2. A term in botany, to distinguish such funguses or mosses as grow upon trees, from those that grow on the ground. Quincy. They speak properly, who make it an arborrous excrescence, or rather a superplant bred of a viscous and superfluous lopp, which the tree itself cannot aşsimulate. Brown's Vulg. Errours. ARBORET. n. s. [arbor, Lat. a tree.] A small tree or shrub. No arboret with painted blossoms drest, And smelling sweet, but there it might be found, To bud out fair, and her sweet smells throw all around. Fairy Queen. Now hid, now seen, Among thick woven arborets, and flow'rs Imbroider'd on each bank. ARBORIST. n. s. [arboriste, Fr. from arbor, a tree.] A naturalist who makes trees his study, Milton. The nature of the mulberry, which the arborists observe to be long in the begetting his buds; but the cold seasons being past, he shoots them all out in a night. Howel's Vocal Forest. ARBOROUS. adj. [from arbor, Lat.] Belonging to a tree. Milton. From under shady arborous roof Soon as they forth were come to open sight Of day-spring, and the sun. A'RBOUR. n. s. [from arbor, a tree.] A bower; a place covered with green branches of trees. Nay, you shall see mine orchard, where, in an arbour, we will eat a last year's pippin of my ⚫wn graffing. Shakspeare. An arch. Newton's Opticks. Load some vain church with old theatrick state, Turn arcs of triumph to a garden gate. Pope. ARCA'DE. n. s. [French] A continued arch; a walk arched over. Or call the winds through long arcades to roar, Proud to catch cold at a Venetian door. Pope. ARCANUM. n. s. in the plural arcana. [Latin.] A secret. ARCH. n. s. [arcus, Lat.] 1. Part of a circle, not more than the half. The mind perceives, that an arch of a circle is less than the whole circle, as clearly as it does the idea of a circle. Locke. 2. A building open below and closed above, standing by the form of its own curve, used for bridges, and other works. Ne'er through an arch so hurried the blown tide, As the recomforted through the gates. Shaks. Let Rome in Tiber melt, and the wide arch Of the rais'd empire fall! here is my space. The royal squadron marches; Erect triumphal arches. Shakspeare. Dryden's Albion. 3. The sky, or vault of heaven. 4. [from ex] A chief. Shakspeare. Obsolete. The noble duke my master, My worthy arch and patron, comes to-night. To ARCH. v. a. [arcuo, Lat.] The nations of the field and wood Build on the wave, or arch beneath the sand. Pope 2. To cover with arches. Gates of monarchs Are arch'd so high, that giants may get through. Shakspeare. The proud river which makes her bed at her fect, is arched over with such a curious pile of stones, that considering the rapid course of the deep stream that roars under it, it may well take place among the wonders of the world. Horvel. 3. To form into arches. Fine devices of arching water without spilling, and making it rise in several forms of feathers and drinking glasses, be pretty things to look on, but nothing to health and sweetness. Bacon. ARCH. adj. [from gx, chief.] 1. Chief; of the first class. The tyrannous and bloody act is done; An heretick, an arch one, Cranmer. Shakspeare. 2. Waggish; mirthful; triflingly mischievous. This signification it seems to have gained, by being frequently applied to the boy most remarkable for his pranks; as, the arch rogue; unless it be derived from Archy, the name of the jester to Charles 1. Eugenio set out from the university; he had the reputation of an arch lad at school. Swift. ARCH,in composition, signifies chief, or of the first class [from ¿x, or ex1] as archangel, archbishop. It is pronounced variously with regard to the ch, which before a consonant sound as in cheese, as archdeacon; before a vowel like k, as archangel. ARCHANGEL. n. s. [archangelus, Lat.] One of the highest order of angels. His form had yet not lost All her original brightness, nor appear'd Less than archangel ruin'd, and th' excess Of glory obscur'd. Milton. Norris. 'Tis sure th' archangel's trump I hear, Nature's great passing-bell, the only call Of God's that will be heard by all. ARCHANGEL. n. s. [lamium, Lat.] A plant, called also deadnettle. ARCHANGELICK. adj. [from archangel.] Belonging to archangels. He ceas'd, and th' archangelick pow'r prepar'd For swift descent; with him the cohort bright Of watchful cherubim. Milton. ARCHBEACON. n. s. [from arch and beacon.] The chief place of prospect, or of signal. Carent. You shall win the top of the Cornish archbea Con Hainborough, which may for prospect compare with Rama in Palestina. ARCHBISHOP. n. s. [from arch and bishop.] A bishop of the first class, who superintends the conduct of other bishops his suffragans. Cranmer is return'd with welcome, Install'd lord archbishop of Canterbury. Shaks. The archbishop was the known architect of this new fabrick. Clarendon. ARCHBISHOPRICK. n. s. [from archbishop.] The state or jurisdiction of an archbishop. "T is the cardinal; And merely to revenge him on the emperor, For not bestowing on him, at his asking, The archbishoprick of Toledo, this is purpos'd. Shakspeare. This excellent man, from the time of his promotion to the archbishoprick, underwent the envy and malice of men who agreed in nothing else. Clarendon, ARCHCHANTER. n. s. [from arch and chanter.] The chief chanter. ARCHDEACON. n. s. [archidiaconus, Lat.] One that supplies the bishop's place and VOL. I office in such matters as do belong to the episcopal function. The law styles him the bishop's vicar, or vicegerent. Ayliffe's Parergon. Lest negligence might foist in abuses, an archa deacon was appointed to take account of their doings. Carew's Survey. ARCHDEʼACONRY. n. s. [archidiaconatus, Lat.] The office or jurisdiction of an archdeacon. It oweth subjection to the metropolitan of Canterbury, and hath one only archdeaconry. Carew's Survey. ARCHDE'ACONSHIP. n. s. [from archdeacon.] The office of an archdeacon. ARCHDU'KE. n. s. [from archidux, Lat.] A title given to some sovereign princes, as of Austria and Tuscany. Philip archduke of Austria, during his voyag from the Netherlands towards Spain, was wea ther-driven into Weymouth. Carew's Survey ARCHDUCHESS. n. s. [from arch and duchess.] A title given to the sister or daughter of the archduke of Austria, or to the wife of an archduke of Tuscany. ARCHPHILOSOPHER. n. s. [from arch and philosopher.] Chief philosopher. It is no improbable opinion therefore, which the arch-philosopher was of, that the chiefest person in every household was always as it were a king. Hooker. ARCHPRE LATE. n, s. [from arch and prelate.] Chief prelate. May we not wonder, that a man of St. Basil's authority and quality, and arch-prelate in the house of God, should have his name far and wide called in question? ARCHPRESBYTER. n. s. [from arch and presbyter] Chief presbyter. Hooker. As simple deacons are in subjection to presby ters, according to the canon law; so are also presbyters and arch-presbyters in subjection to these archdeacons. Ayliffe's Parergon. ARCHPRIEST.. s. [from arch and priest.] Chief priest. The word decanus was extended to an ecclesiastical dignity, which included the arch-priests. Ayliffe's Parergon. ARCHAIOLOGICK, adj. [from archaiology.] Relating to a discourse on antiquity. ARCHAIO'LOGY, n. s. [from xa☺, ancient, and y, a discourse.] A discourse on antiquity. ARCHAISM. n. s. fuxiomis.] An an- I see how thine eye would emulate the diamond; thou hast the right arched bent of the brow. Shakspeare. Let the arched knife, Well sharpen'd, now assail the spreading shades Of vegetables. Philips. ARCHER. n. 5. [archer, Fr. from arcus, Lat. a bow. He that shoots with a bow; he that carries a bow in battle. Draw, archers, draw your arrows to the head. Shakspeare. This cupid is no longer an archer; his glory shall be ours, for we are the only love-gods. N Shakspears. Thou frequent bring'st the smitten deer; Among the English artillery archery challengeth 2. The act of shooting with the bow. 3. The art of an archer. Shakspeare. Blest seraphims shall leave their quire, Crashare. Say from what golden quivers of the sky Do all thy winged arrows Ay? Upon thy ancient arms, the gawdy heavenly bow. Corley. ARCHES-COURT. n. s. [from arches and court.] The chief and most ancient consistory that belongs to the archbishop of Canterbury, for the debating of spiritual causes, so called from Bow-church in London, where it is kept, whose top is raised of stone pillars, built archwise. The judge of this court is termed the dean ofthe arches, or official of the archescourt: dean of the arches, because with this office is commonly joined a peculiar jurisdiction of thirteen parishes in London, termed a deanery, being exempted from the authority of the bishop of London, and belonging to the archbishop of Canterbury; of which the parish of Bow is one. Some others say, that he was first called dean of the arches, because the official to the archbishop, the dean of the arches, was his substitute in his court; and by that means the names became confounded. The jurisdiction of this judge is ordinary, and extends through the whole province of Canterbury: so that, upon any appeal, he forthwith, and without any further examination of the cause, sends out his citation to the party appealed, and his inhibition to the judge from whom the appeal is made. Corvell. ARCHETYPE. n. s. [archetypum, Lat.] The original of which any resemblance is made. Our souls, though they might have perceived images themselves by simple sense, yet it seems inconceivable, how they should apprehend their archetypes. Glanville's Scepsis. As a man, a tree, are the outward objects of our perception, and the outward archetypes or patterns of our ideas; so our sensations of hunger, cold, are also inward archetypes or patterns of our ideas. But the notions or pictures of these things, as they are in the mind, are the ideas. Watts' Logick ARCHETYPAL. adj. [archetypus, Lat.] Original; being a pattern from which copies are made. Through contemplation's opticks I have seen ARCHE'US. n. s. [probably from x☎.) ARCHIDIA'CONAL. adj. [from archidiaco- The architect's glory consists in the designment and idea of the work; his ambition should be to make the form triumph over the matter. Wetton, 2. A contriver of a building; a builder. Admiring enter'd, and the work some praise, 3. The contriver or former of any com- This inconvenience the divine architect of the An irreligious Moor, How could the bodies of many of them, particularly the last mentioned, be furnished with ARCHITECTO'NICK. adj. [from agy, architective materials? Derham's Physico-Theol. chief, and rxrwx, an artificer.] That has the power or skill of an architect; that can build or form any thing. To say that some more fine part of either, or all the hypostatical principle, is the architect of this elaborate structure, is to give occasion to demand, what proportion of the tria prima afforded this architectonick spirit, and what agent made so skilful and happy a mixture. ARCHITECTURE, Lat.] Boyle. n. s. [architectura, 1. The art or science of building. 2. Architecture is divided into, civil architecture, called by way of eminence architecture; military architecture, or fortification; and naval architecture, which, besides building of ships and vessels, includes also ports, moles, docks, C. Chambers Our fathers next in architecture skill'd Blackmore, The effect or performance of the science of building: The formation of the first earth being a piece of divine architecture, ascribed to a particular providence. Burnet's Theory ARCHITRAVE. n. s. [from ảyà, chief, and trabs, Lat. a beam; because it is supposed to represent the principal beam in timber buildings.] That part of a column, or order of a column, which lies 3. immediately upon the capital, and is the lowest member of the entablature. This member is different in the different orders; and, in building architrave doors and windows, the workman frequently follows his own fancy. The architrave is sometimes called the reason piece, or master beam, in timber buildings, as porticos, cloysters, &c. In chimnies it iscalled the mantle-piece ; and overjams of doors, and lintels of windows, hyperthyron. Builder's Dict. The materials laid over this pillar were of wood; through the lightness whereof the architrave could not suffer, nor the column itself, being so substantial. Wotton's Architecture. Westward a pompous frontispiece appear'd, On Dorick pillars of white marble rear'd, Crown'd with an architrave of antique mold, Andsculpture rising on the roughen'd gold. Pope. ARCHIVES 2. s. without a singular. [archiva, Lat.]. The places where records or ancient writings are kept. It is perhaps sometimes used for the writings themselves. Though we think our words vanish with the breath that utters them, yet they become records in God's court, and are laid up in nis archives, as witnesses either for or against us. Government of the Tongue. I shall now only look a little into the Mosaic archives, to observe what they furnish us with upon this subject. Woodward. A'RCHWISE, adv. [from arch and wise.] In the form of an arch. The court of arches, so called ab arcuata ecdesia, or from Bow-church, by reason of the steeple or clochier thereof, raised at the top with stone pillars, in fashion of a bow lent archaise. Ayliffe's Parergen. ARCITENENT. adj. [aritenens, Lat.] Bow-bearing. Dict. ARCTATION. n. s. [from areto, to straiten.] Straitening; confinement to a narrower compass. A'scriK. adi. [from apa, the north ern constellation.] Northern; lying under the Arctos, or bear. See AR TICK. Ever-during snows, perpetual shades in the form of an arch. Bent The cause of the confusion in sounds, and the inconfusion of species visible, is, for that the sight worketh in right lines; but sounds, that move in oblique and arcuate lines, must needs encounter and disturb the one the other. Bacon. In the gullet, where it perforateth the midriff, the carneous fibres are inflected and arevate. Ray on the Creation. ARCUATILE. adj. [from arcuate.} Bent; inflected. ARCUATION. n. s. [from arcuate.] Dict. 1. The act of bending any thing; incur vation. A'RCUATURE. n. s. [arcuatura, low Lat.] ARCUBAʼLISTER. n. s. [from arcus, a The bending or curvature of an arch. Dict. bow, and balistra, an engine.] A crossbow man. 2. The state of being bent; curvity, or crookedness. King John was espied by a very good arcubalister, who said, that he would soon dispatch the cruel tyrant. God forbid, vile varlet, quoth the earl, that we should procure the death of the holy one of God. Camden's Remains. ARD. [Saxon.] Signifies natural disposition; as, Goddard, is a divine timper; Reinard, a sincere temper; Giffard, a bountiful and liberal disposition; Bernard, filial affection. Gibson's Camden. A'RDENCY. n. s. [from ardent.] Ardour; eagerness; warmth of affection. Accepted our prayers shall be, if qualiñed with humility, and ardency, and perseverance, so far as concerns the end immediate to them. Hammond's Practical Catechism. The ineffable happiness of our dear Redeemer must needs bring an increase to ours, commensurate to the ardency of our love for him. Boyle. ARDENT. adj. [ardens, Lat. burning.} 1. Hot; buruing; fiery. Chymists observe, that vegetables, as lavender, rue, marjoram, e. distilled before fermentation, yield oils, without any burning spirits; but, after fermentation, yield ardent spirits without oils; which shews, that their oil is, by fermentation, converted into spirit. Newton's Opticks." 2. Fierce; vehement; having the appearance or quality of fire. A knight of swarthy face High on a cole-black steed pursued the chace With flashing flames his ardent eyes were fili'd. 3. Passionate; affectionate: used generally Dryden. of desire.. Another nymph with fatal pow'r may rise, To damp the sinking beams of Calia's eyes; With haughty pride may hear her charms confest, And scorn the ardent vows that I have blest. Prisr. A'RDENTLY, adv. [from ardent.] Eagerly; affectionately. With truc zeal may our hearts be most ardently inflamed to our religion. Sprat's Sermons. ARDOUR. n. s. [ardor, Lat. heat.] 1. Heat. Joy, like a ray of the sun, reflects with a greater ardour and quickness, when it rebounds upon a man from the breast of his friend. South. 2. Heat of affection; as, love, desire, courage. The soldiers shout around with gen'rous rage; N2 Nor delay'd the winged saint, After his charge receiv'd; but from among Thousand celestial ardours, where he stood Veil'd with his gorgeous wings, up-springing light, Flew thro' the midst of heav'n. Paradise Lost. ARDUITY, n. s. [from arduous.] Height; difficulty. Dict. A'RDUOUS. adj. [arduus, Lat.] 1. Lofty; hard to climb. High on Parnassus' top her sons she show'd, And pointed out those arduous paths they trod. Pope. 2. Difficult. It was a means to bring him up in the school of arts and policy, and so to fit him for that great and arduous employment that God designed him South. to. A'RDUOUSNESS. n. s. [from arduous.] Height; difficulty. ARE. The third person plural of the present tense of the verb to be; as, young men are rash, old are cautious. ARE, or Alamire. The lowest note but one in Guido's scale of musick. Gamut I am, the ground of all accord, A re to plead Hortensio's passion; B mi Bianca take him for thy lord, C faut, that loves with all affection. Shakspeare. A'REA. n. s. [Latin.] 1. The surface contained between any lines or boundaries. The area of a triangle is found by knowing the height and the base. Waits' Logick. 2. Any open surface, as the floor of a room; the open part of a church; the vacant part or stage of an amphitheatre. An enclosed place, as lists, or a bowling-green, or grass-plot. Let us conceive a floor or area of goodly length, with the breadth somewhat more than half the longitude. Wotton. The Alban lake is of an oval figure, and, by reason of the high mountains that encompass it, looks like the area of some vast amphitheatre. Addison. In areas, vary'd with Mosaick art, Some whirl the disk, and some the jav'lin dart. Pope. To ARE'AD, or ARE'ED. v. a. [anedan, Sax. to counsel.] To advise; to direct. Knights and ladies gentle deeds, Whose praises having slept in silence long, Me, all too meane, the sacred muse areeds To blazon broad. Fairy Queen. But mark what I aread thee now: avant, Fly thither whence thou fled'st! If from this hour Within these hallow'd limits thou appear, Back to th' infernal pit I drag thee chain'd. Paradise Lost. AREFA'CTION. n. s. [arefacio, Lat. to dry.] The state of growing dry; the act of drying. From them, and their motions, principally proceed arefaction, and most of the effects of naBacon. ture. To A'REFY, . a. [arefacio, Lat. to dry.] To dry; to exhaust of moisture. Heat drieth bodies that do easily expire, as parchment, leaves, roots, clay, &c. and so doth time or age arefy, as in the same bodies, &. Bacon's Natural History. RENA'CEOUS. adj. [arena, Lat. sand.] Sandy haying the qualities of sand, A piece of the stone of the same mines, of a yellowish brown colour, an arenaceous friable substance, and with some white spar mixed with itWoodward on Fossils Dict. ARENA'TION. n. s. [from arena, Lat. sand.] Is used by some physicians for a sort of dry bath, when the patient sits with his feet upon hot sand. Dict. ARENO'SE. adj. [from arena, Lat.] Sandy; full of sand. ARE'NULOUS. adj. [from arenula, Lat. sand.] Full of small sand; gravelly. AREO'TICK. adj. [agaiorina.] Efficacious in opening the pores; attenuant: applied to medicines that dissolve viscidities, so that the morbifick matter may be carried off by sweat, or insensible perspiration. Dict. ARETO'LOGY. n. s. [from der virtue, and yw, to discourse.] That part of moral philosophy which treats of virtue, its nature, and the means of arriving at it. Dict. A'RGAL. n. 5. Hard lees sticking to the sides of wine vessels, more commonly called tartar. Dict. A'RGENT. adj. [from argentum, Lat. silver.] 1. The white colour used in the coats of gentlemen, knights, and baronets, supposed to be the representation of that metal. Rinaldo flings As swift as fiery lightning kindled new. His argent eagle, with her silver wings In field of azure, fair Erminia knew. Fairfax. In an argent field, the god of war, Was drawn triumphant on his iron car. Dryden 2. Silver; bright like silver. Those argent fields more likely habitants, Translated saints, or middle spirits, hold, Betwixt th' angelical and human kind. Millen, Or ask of yonder argent fields above, Why Jove's satellites are less than Jove. Pope. ARGENTATION. n. s. [from argentum, Lat. silver.] An overlaying with silver. Dict Dict. A'RGENTINE. adj. [argentin, Fr.] Sounding like silver. A'RGIL. n. s. [argilla, Lat.] Potters clay; a fat soft kind of earth, of which vessels are made. ARGILLA CEOUS. adj. [from argil.] Clayey; partaking of the nature of argil; consisting of argil, or potters clay. ARGILLOUS. adj. [from argil.] Consist ing of clay; clayish; containing clay. Albuquerque derives this redness from the sand and argillous earth at the bottom. Brozum ARGOSY. n. s. [derived by Pope from Argo, the name of Jason's ship; supposed by others to be a vessel of Ragusa or Ragosa, a Ragozine, corrupted.] A large vessel for merchandise; a carrack. Your mind is tossing on the ocean; There where your argosies with portly sail, Like signiors and rich burghers on the flood, Do overpeer the petty traffickers. Shakspeares To A'RGUE. v. n. (arguo, Lat.] 1. To reason; to offer reasons. |