CANDID. adj. [candidus, Lat.] The box receives all black; but pour'd from The stones came candidforth,the hue of innocence. Dryden. 2. Free from malice; not desirous to find faults; fair; open; ingenuous. The import of the discourse will, for the most part, if there be no designed fallacy, sufficiently lead candid and intelligent readers into the true Locke. meaning of it. A candid judge will read each piece of wit With the same spirit that its author writ. Pope. CANDIDATE. n. s. [candidatus, Lat.] 1. A competitor; one that solicits, or proposes himself for, something of advance ment. So many candidates there stand for wit, A place at court is scarce so hard to get. Anonymous. One would be surprised to see so many candidates for glory. Addison. 2. It has generally for before the thing sought. What could thus high thy rash ambition raise? Art thou, fond youth, a candidate for praise? 3- Sometimes of Pope. Thy first fruits of poesy were giv'n To make thyself a welcome inmate there, While yet a young probationer, And candidate of heav'n. Dryden. CANDIDLY. adv. [from candid.] Fairly; without trick; without malice; ingenuously. We have often desired they would deal candidly with us; for if the matter stuck only there, we would propose that every man should swear, that he is a member of the church of Ireland. Swift. CANDIDNESS. n. s. [from candid.] Ingenuity.; openness of temper; purity of mind. It presently sees the guilt of a sinful action; and, on the other side, observes the candidness of a man's very principles, and the sincerity of South. his intentions. To CANDIFY. v. a. [cundifico, Lat.] To make white; to whiten. Dict. CA'NDLE. n. s. [candela, Lat.] 1. A light made of wax or tallow, surrounding a wick of flax or cotton. Here burns my candle out; ay, here it dies, Which, while it lasted, gave king Henry light. Shakspeare. We see that wax candles last longer than tallow candles, because wax is more firm and hard. Bacon's Natural History. Take a child, and setting a candle before him, you shall find his pupil to contract very much, to exclude the light, with the brightness whereof it would otherwise be dazzled. 2. Light, or luminary. Ray. By these bicss'd candles of the night, Had you been there, I think you would have begg'd The ring of me, to give the worthy doctor. Shak. CA'NDLEBERRY TREE. A species of saveetailloa. CANDLEHOLDER. n. J. [from candle and bold.] 1. He that holds the candle. 2. He that remotely assists. Let wantons, light of heart, Tickle the senseless rushes with their heels; 1 Swift. Such as are adapted to meals, will indifferently serve for dinners or suppers, only distinguishing between daylight and candlelight. Swift. 2. The necessary candles for use. I shall find him coals and candlelight. Molineux to Locke. CANDLEMAS. n. s. [from candle and mass.] The feast of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin, which was formerly celebrated with many lights in churches. The harvest dinners are held by every wealthy man, or, as we term it, by every good liver, between Michaelmas and Candlemas. Carew's Survey of Cornwall. There is a general tradition in most parts of Europe, that inferreth the coldness of the suc ceeding winter, upon shining of the sun upon Candlemas Day. Brown's Vulgar Errours. Come Candlemas nine years ago she died, And now lies bury'd by the yew-tree side. Gay. CANDLESTICK, n. s. [from candle and stick.] The instrument that holds candles. The horsemen sit like fixed candlesticks, With torch-staves in their hands; and their poor jades Lob down their heads. Shakspeare. These countries were once christian, and members of the church, and where the golden candlesticks did stand. Bacon. Let the pond lie dry six or twelve months, both to kill the water weeds, as water-lilies, candocks, reate, and bulrushes; and also, that as these die for want of water, so grass may grow on the pond's bottom. Walton. CANDOUR. n. s. [candor, Lat.] Sweetness of temper; purity of mind; openness; ingenuity; kindness. He should have so much of a natural candour and sweetness, mixed with all the improvement of learning, as might convey knowledge with a sort of gentle insinuation. Watts. To CANDY. v. a. [probably from candare, a word used in latter times for to biten.] 1. To conserve with sugar, in such a manner as that the sugar lies in flakes, or breaks into spangles. Should the poor be flatter'd? No, let the candy'd tongue lick absurd pomp, And crook the pregnant hinges of the knee, Where thrift may follow fawning. Shakspeare. They have in Turky confections like to candied conserves, made of sugar and lemons, or sugar and citrons, or sugar and violets, and some other flowers, and mixture of amber. Bacon. With candy'd plantanes, and the juicy pine, On choicest melons and sweet grapes they dine. Waller. 2. To form into congelations. Will the cold brook, Candied with ice, cawdle thy morning toast, To cure thy o'er-night's surfeit? 3. To incrust with congelations. Shakspeare. Since when those frosts that winter brings, Renew us like the teeming springs, CÂNE. n. s. [canna, Lat.] 1. A kind of strong reed, of which walkingstaffs are made; a walkingstaff. Shall I, to please another wine sprung mind, Lose all mine own? God hath given me a mea sure Short of his cane and body: must I find A pain in that wherein he finds a pleasure? Herbert. The king thrust the captain from him with his cane; whereupon he took his leave, and went home. Harvey. If the poker be out of the way, or broken, stir the fire with your master's cane. Swift. 2. The plant which yields the sugar. This cane or reed grows plentifully both in the East and West Indies. Other reeds have their skin hard and dry, and their pulp void of juice; but the skin of the sugar cane is soft. It usually grows four or five feet high, and about half an inch in diameter. The stem or stalk is divided by knots a foot and a half apart. At the top it puts forth long green tufted leaves, from the middle of which arise the flower and the seed. They usually plant them in pieces cut a foot and a half below the top of the flower; and they are ordinarily ripe in ten months, at which time they are found quite full of a white succulent marrow, whence is expressed the liquor of which Chambers. sugar is made. And the sweet liquor on the cane bestow, From which prepar'd the luscious sugars flow. Blackmore. 3. A lance; a dart made of cane : whence the Spanish inego de cannas. Abenamar, thy youth these sports has known, Of which thy age is now spectator grown; Judge-like thou sitt'st, to praise or to arraign The flying skirmish of the darted cane. Dryden. 4. A reed. Food may be afforded to bees, by small canes or troughs conveyed into their hives. Mortimer. To CANE. v. a. [from the noun.] To beat with a walkingstaff. CANICULAR. adj. [canicularis, Lat.] Belonging to the dogstar. In regard to different latitudes, unto some the canicular days are in the winter, as unto such as are under the equinoctial line; for unto them the dog-star ariscth when the sun is about the tropick of Cancer, which season unto them is winter. Brown's Vulgar Errours. CANINE. adj. [caninus, Lat.] 1. Having the properties of a dog. A kind of women are made up of canine particles: these are scolds, who imitate the animals out of which they were taken, always busy and barking, and snarl at every one that comes Addison in their way. 2. Canine hunger, in medicine, is an ap petite which cannot be satisfied. It may occasion an exorbitant appetite of usual things, which they will take in such quan tities, till they vomit them up like dogs, from whence it is called canine. Arbuthn CA'NISTER. n. s. [canistrum, Lat.] 1. A small basket. White lilies in full canisters they bring, With all the glories of the purple spring. Dry 2. A small vessel in which any thing, such as tea or coffee, is laid up. CA'NKER. n. s. [cancer, Lat. It seems to have the same meaning and original with cancer, but to be accidentally weitten with a k, when it denotes bad qua lities in a less degree; or canker might come from chancre, Fr. and cancer from the Latin.] 1. A worm that preys upon and destroys fruits. 3. And loathful idleness he doth detest, Yet writers say, as in the sweetest bud A huffing, shining, flatt'ring, cringing, coward 2. A fly that preys upon fruits. 4. Pope. A kind of wild worthless rose; the dogrose. To put down Richard, that sweet lovely rose, And plant this thorn, this canker, Bolingbroke. Shakspeare. Draw a cherry with the leaf, the shaft of a steeple, a single or canker rose. Peacham. 5. An eating or corroding humour. I am not glad, that such a sore of time Should seek a plaister by a contemn'd revolt, And heal th' inveterate canker of one wound. By making many. 6. Corrosion; virulence. As with age his body uglier grows, Shakspeare. Shakspeare. 1.] 7. A disease in trees. That cunning architect of canker'd quile, An honest man will enjoy himself better in a moderate fortune, that is gained with honour and reputation, than in an overgrown estate, that is cankered with the acquisitions of rapine and exaction. Addison. CANKERBIT. particip. adj. [from canker Know, thy name is lost, a maneater. The cannibals themselves eat no man's flesh of those that die of themselves, but of such as are slain. Bacon. They were little better than cannibals, who do hunt one another; and he that hath most strength and swiftness, doth eat and devour all his fellows. Davies on Ireland. It was my hint to speak Of the cannibals that each other eat; Shakspeare. The captive cannibal, opprest with chains, ball of forty-eight pounds to a ball of five ounces. As cannons overcharg'd with double cracks, So they redoubled strokes upon the foe. Shak. He had left all the cannon he had taken; and now he sent all his great cannon to a garrison. Clarendon The making, or price, of these gunpowder instruments, is extremely expensive, as may be easily judged by the weight of their materials; a whole cannon weighing commonly eight thousand pounds; a half cannon, five thousand; a culverin, four thousand five hundred; a demi-culverin, three thousand; which, whether it be in iron or brass, must needs be very costly. Wilkins. CANNON-BALL. n.s. [from cannon, CANNON-BULLET. } ball, bullet, and shot.] The balls which are shot from great guns. He reckons those for wounds that are made by bullets, although it be a cannon-sbot. Wiseman. Let a cannon-bullet pass through a room, it must strike successively the two sides of the Locke. room. To CANNONA'DE. v. n. [from cannon.] To play the great guns; to batter or attack with great guns. Both armies cannonaded all the ensuing day. And let the kettle to the trumpets speak, A third was a most excellent cannonier, whose good skill did much endamage the forces of the king. Hayward. CANNOT. A word compounded of can and not noting inability. I cannot but believe many a child can tell twenty, long before he has any idea of infinity at all. Locke. CANO'A. n. s. A boat made by cutting CANOE'S the trunk of a tree into a hollow vessel. Others made rafts of wood; others devised the boat of one tree, called the canoa, which the Gauls upon the Rhone used in assisting the transRaleigh, In a war against Semiramis, they had four thousand monoxyla, or canoes, of one piece of timber. Arbuthnot on Coins, portation of Hannibal's army. Granville. If an eleventh commandment had been given, Thou shalt not eat human flesh; would not these cannibals have esteemed it more difficult than all the rest? Bentley. CA'NNIBALLY. adv. [from cannibal.] In the manner of a cannibal. Before Corioli, he scotcht him and notcht him like a corbonado. -Had he been cannibally given, he might have broiled and eaten him too. Shakspeare. CA'NNIPERS. . s. [corrupted from callipers: which see 1 The square is taken by a pair of cannipers, or two rulers, clapped to the side of a tree, measuring the distance between them. Mortimer. CANNON. n. s. [cannon, Fr. from canna, Lat. a pipe, meaning a large tube.] 1. A great gun for battery. 2. A gun larger than can be managed by the hand. They are of so many sizes, that they decrease in the bore from a CA'NON. n. s. [xávu..] The truth is, they are rules and canons of that law which is written in all men's hearts, the church had for ever, no less than now, stood bound to observe them, whether the apostle had mentioned them, or no. Hooker. His books are almost the very canon to judge both doctrine and discipline by. Hooker. Religious canons, civil laws, are cruel; Canons in logick are such as these: every part of a division, singly taken, must contain less than the whole; and a definition must be peculiar and proper to the thing defined. Watts. 2. The laws made by ecclesiastical councils. Canon law is that law which is made and or dained in a general council, or provincial synod, of the church. These were looked on as lapsed persons, and great severities of penance were prescribed them by the canons of Ancrya. Stilling fleet. 3. The books of Holy Scripture; or the great rule. Canon also denotes those books of Scripture, which are received as inspired and canonical, to distinguish them from either profane, apocryphal, or disputed books. Thus we say that Genesis is part of the sacred canon of the Scripture. Ayliffe. 4. A dignitary in cathedral churches. For deans and canons, or prebends, of cathedral churches, they were of great use in the church; they were to be of counsel with the bishop for his revenue, and for his government, in causes ecclesiastical. Swift much admires the place and air, A canon! that's a place too mean: Bacon. Swift. Ayliffe. 5. Canons Regular. Such as are placed in monasteries. 6. Canons Secular. Lay canons, who have been, as a mark of honour, admitted into some chapters. Dict. 7. [Among chirurgeons.] An instrument used in sewing up wounds. 8. A large sort of printing letter, probably so called from being first used in printing a book of canons; or perhaps from its size, and therefore properly written cannon. CA'NON BIT. n. s. That part of the bit let into the horse's mouth. A goodly person, and could manage fair Who under him did trample as the air. Spenser. CA'NONESS. n. s. [canonissa, low Lat.] There are, in popish countries, women they call secular canonesses, living after the example of secular canons. Ayliffe. CANONICAL. adj. [canonicus, low Lat.] 1. According to the canon. 2. Constituting the canon. Public readings there are of books and writings not canonical, whereby the church doth also preach, or openly make known, the doctrine of virtuous conversation. Hooker. No such book was found amongst those canemical scriptures. Raleigh. 3. Regular; stated; fixed by ecclesiastical laws. Seven times in a day do I praise thee, said David: from this definite number some ages of the church took their pattern for their canonical hours. Tavior. king would have translated him from that poor bishoprick, he refused, saying, he would not forsake his poor little old wife; thinking of the fifteenth [canon of the Nicene council, and that of the canonists, Matrimonium inter episcopum & ecclesiam esse contractum, &c. Camden's Remains. Of whose strange crimes no canonist can tell In what commandment's large contents they CANONIZATION. n. s. [from canonize.] dwell. Pope. The act of declaring any man a saint. It is very suspicious, that the interests of particular families, or churches, have too great a sway in canonizations. Addison. To CANONIZE. v. a. [from canon, to put into the canon, or rule for observing festivals.] To declare any man a saint. The king, desirous to bring into the house of Lancaster celestial honour, became suitor to pope Julius, to canonize king Henry vt. for a saint. By those hymns all shall approve Us canoniz'd for love. Bacon. Donne. They have a pope too, who hath the chief care of religion, and of canonizing whom he thinks fit, and thence have the honour of saints. Stilling fleet. CA'NONRY. n. s. [from canon.] An CA'NONSHIP. ecclesiastical benefice in some cathedral or collegiate church, which has a prebend, or stated allowance out of the revenues of such church, commonly annexed to it. Ayliffe. CA'NOPIED. adj. [from canopy.] Covered with a canopy. I sat me down to watch upon a bank, Milton. CANOPY. n. s. canopeum, low Lat.] Nor will the raging fever's fire abate The birch, the myrtle, and the bay, Like friends did all embrace; And their large branches did display To canopy the place. Dryden. CA'NOROUS. adj. [canorus, Lat.] Musical; tuneful. Birds that are most canorous, and whose notes we most commend, are of little throats, and short. Brown's Vulgar Errours. CANT. n. s. [probably from cantus, Lat. implying the odd tone of voice used by vagrants; but imagined by some to be corrupted from quaint.] 1. A corrupt dialect used by beggars and vagabonds. 2. A particular form of speaking, peculiar to some certain class or body of men. I write not always in the proper terms of navigation, land service, or in the cant of any profession. Dryden. If we would trace out the original of that flagrant and avowed impiety, which has prevailed among us for some years, we should find, that ir ewes its rise to that cant and hypocrisy, which had taken possession of the people's minds in the times of the great rebellion. Addison's Freeholder. Astrologers, with an old paltry cant, and a few pot-hooks for planets, to amuse the vulgar, have too long been suffered to abuse the world. Swift's Predictions for the Year 1701. A few general rules, with a certain cant of words, has sometimes set up an illiterate heavy writer for a most judicious and formidable critick. Addison's Spectator. 3. A whining pretension to goodness, in formal and affected terms. Of promise prodigal, while pow'r you want, And preaching in the self-denying cant. Dryden. 4. Barbarous jargon. The affectation of some late authors, to introduce and multiply cant words, is the most ruinous corruption in any language. Swift. 5. Auction. Numbers of these tenants, or their descendants, are now offering to sell their leases by cant, even those which were for lives. Swift. To CANT. v. n. [from the noun.] To talk in the jargon of particular professions; or in any kind of formal affected language; or with a peculiar and studied tone of voice. Men cant about materia and forma; hunt chimeras by rules of art, or dress up ignorance in words of bulk or sound, which may stop up the mouth of enquiry. Glanville. That uncouth affected garb of speech, or canting language rather, if I may so call it, which they have of late taken up, is the signal distinction and characteristical note of that, which, in that their new language, they call the godly party. Sanderson. The busy, subtile, serpents of the law, Unskill'd in schemes by planets to foreshow, Like canting rascals, how the wars will go. Dryd. CANTATA. n. s. [Ital.] A song. CANTATION, n. s. [from canto, Lat.] The act of singing. CA'NTER. 1. s. [from cant.] A term of reproach for hypocrites, who talk formally of religion, without obeying it. CANTERBURY BELLS. See BELFLOWER. CANTERBURY GALLOP. [In horsemanship.] The hand gallop of an ambling horse, commonly called a canter; said to be derived from the monks riding to Canterbury on easy ambling horses. CANTHA'RIDES. n. s. [Latin.] Spanish flies, used to raise blisters. The flies, cantharides, are bred of a worm, or caterpillar, but peculiar to certain fruit trees; as are the fig-tree, the pine-tree, and the wild brier; all which bear sweet fruit, and fruit that hath a kind of secret biting or sharpness: for the fig hath a milk in it that is sweet and corrosive; the pine apple hath a kernel that is strong and abstersive. Bacon's Natural History. CANTUHS. n. s. [Latin.] The corner of the eye. The internal is called the greater, the external the lesser, canthus. Quincy. A gentlewoman was seized with an infiammation and tumour in the great canthus, or angle of Wiseman. her eye. CA'NTICLE. n. s. [from canto, Lat.] A song: used generally for a song in scrip ture. This right of estate, in some nations, is yet more significantly expressed by Moses in his canticles, in the person of God to the Jews. Bacon's Holy War. CANTI'LIVERS. n. s. Pieces of wood framed into the front or other sides of a house, to sustain the moulding and eaves over it. Moxon's Mech. Exercises. CA'NTION. . s. [cantio, Lat.] Song; Not now in use. verses. In the eighth eclogue the same person was brought in singing a cantio of Collin's making. Spens. Kal. Glo. CA'NTLE. n. s. [kant, Dutch, a corner; eschantillon, Fr. a piece.] A piece with Skinner. See how this river comes, me crankling in, And cuts me from the best of all my land, A huge half moon, a monstrous cantle, out. Shaks. To CANTLE. v. a. [from the noun.] To cut in pieces. corners. For four times talking, if one piece thon take, That must be cantled, and the judge go snack. Dryden's Juvenal. CANTLET. n.5. [from cantle.] A picce; a fragment. Nor shield nor armour can their force oppose; Huge cantlets of his buckler strew the ground, And no defence in his bor'd arms is found. Dryd. CA'NIO. n. s. [Ital.] A book or section of a poem. Why, what would you do? 1. A small parcel or division of land. Shak. Only that little canton of land, called the English pale, containing four small shires, did maintain a bordering war with the Irish, and retain the form of English government. Davies. 2. A small community, or clan. The same is the case of rovers by land; such, as yet, are some cantons in Arabia, and some petty kings of the mountains adjacent to straits and ways. Bacon's Holy War. TO CANTON. v. a. [from the noun.] To divide into little parts. Families shall quit all subjection to him, and canton his empire into less governments for themselves. Locke. It would certainly be for the good of mankind, to have all the mighty empires and monarchies of the world cantoned out into petty states and principalities. Addison on Italy. The late king of Spain, reckoning it an indignity to have his territories cantoned out into parcels by other princes, during his own life, and without his consent, rather chose to bequeath the monarchy entire to a younger son of France. Swift. They canton out to themselves a little province in the intellectual word, where they fancy the light shines, and all the rest is in darkness. Watts. To CA'NTONIZE. v. a. [from canton.] To parcel out into small divisions. Thus was all Ireland cantonized among ten persons of the English nation. Davies on Ireland. The whole forest was in a manner casterized amongst a very few in number, of whom some had regal rights. Howel CA'NTRED. n. s. The same in Wales as a |