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6. In imitation of.

Bacon.

There are, among the old Romans statues, several of Venus, in different postures and habits; as there are many particular figures of her made after the same design. Addison's Italy. This allusion is after the oriental manner : thus, in the Psalms, how frequently are persons compared to cedars. Pope's Odyssey. AFTER, adv.

1. In succeeding time. It is used of time mentioned as succeeding some other. So we cannot say, I shall be happy after, but hereafter; but we say, I was first made miserable by the loss, but was after happier.

Far be it from me, to justify the cruelties which were at first used towards them, which Bacon. had their reward soon after.

Those, who from the pit of hell Roaming to seek their prey on earth, durst fix Their seats long after next the seat of God, Paradise Lost.

2. Following another.

Let go thy hold, when a great wheel runs down a hill, lest it break thy neck with following it; but the great one that goes upward, let Lim draw thee after. Shakspeare's King Lear. AFTER is compounded with many words, but almost always in its genuine and primitive signification: some, which occurred, will follow, by which others may be explained.

AFTER-ACCEPTATION. n. s. [from after and acceptation.] A sense afterward, not at first admitted.

VOL. I.

"Tis true, some doctors in a scantier space, I mean, in each apart, contract the place: Some, who to greater length extend the line, The church's after-acceptation join Dryden. AFTERAGES. n. s. [from after and ages.] Successive times; posterity. Of this word I have found no singular; but see not why it might not be said, This will be done in some afterage.

nations.

Not the whole, land, which the Chusites should or might, in future time, conquer; seeing, in afterages, they became lords of many Raleigh's History of the World. Nor to philosophers is praise deny'd, Whose wise instructions afteragès guide. Denham. What an opinion will afterages entertain of their religion, who bid fair for a gibbet, to bring in a superstition, which their forefathers perished Addison. in flames to keep out? A'FTER-ALL. When all has been taken into the view; when there remains nothing more to be added; at last; in fine; in conclusión; upon the whole; at the most.

They have given no good proof in asserting this extravagant principle; for which, after all, they have no ground or colour, but a passage or two of scripture, miserably perverted, in opposition to many express texts. Atterbury.

But, after all, they have any merit, it is to be attributed to some good old authors, whose works I study. Pope on Pastoral Poetry. s. [from after and A'FTERBIRTH, z. birth.]The membrane in which the birth was involved, which is brought -away after; the secundine.

The exorbitancies or degenerations, whether from a hurt in labour, or from part of the afterbirth left behind, produce such virulent distem pers of the blood, as make it cast out a tumour. Wiseman's Surgery. A'FTERCLAP. 7. S. [from after and clap] Unexpected events happening after an affair is supposed to be at an end.

For the next morrow's mead, they closely

went,

For fear of afterclaps to prevent. Hubberd's Tale.

It is commonly taken in an ill sense. A'FTERCOST. n. s. [from after and cost.] The latter charges; the expence incurred after the original plan is executed.

5 You must take care to carry off the landfloods and streams, before you attempt draining; lest your aftercost and labour prove unsuccessful. Mortimer's Husbandry, AFTERCROP. n. . [from after and crop.] The second crop or harvest of the same year.

Aftercrops I think neither good for the land, nor yet the hay good for the cattle. Mortimer. A'FTER-DINNER. . s. [from afic and dinner. The hour passing just after dinner, which is generally allowed to indulgence and amusement.

Thou hast nor youth nor age, But, as it were, an after-dinner's sleep,, Dreaming on both."

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Shakspeare.

AFTER-ENDEAVOUR. n. s. [from after and endeavour.] Endeavour made after

the first effort or endeavour.

There is no reason why the sound of a pipe should leave traces in their brains, which, not first, but by their after-endeavours, should pro

duce the like sounds. Locke. AFTER-INQUIRY. n. s. [from after and inquiry.] Inquiry made after the fact committed, or after life.

You must either be directed by some that take upon them to know, or take upon yourself that, which, I am sure, you do not know, or lump the after-enquiry on your peril.

Shakspeare. To A'FTEREYE. v. a. [from after and eye.] To keep one in view; to follow in view. Not in use.

Thou shouldst have made him As little as a crow, or less, ere left

To aftereye him. Shakspeare's Cymbeline. A'FTERGAME. n. s. [from after and game.] The scheme which may be laid, or the expedients which are prac. tised, after the original design has miscarried; methods taken after the first turn of affairs.

This earl, like certain vegetables, did bud and open slowly; nature sometimes delighting to play an aftergame, as well as fortune, which had both their turns and tides in course. Wotton.

The fables of the axe-handle and the wedge, serve to precaution us not to put ourselves needlessly upon an aftergame, but to weigh beforehand what we say and do. L'Estrange's Fables. Our first design, my friend, has prov'd abor

tive;

Still there remains an aftergame to play. Addison. A'FTERHOURS. n. s. [from after, and bours.] The hours that succeed.

So smile the heav'ns upon this holy act, That afterhours with sorrow chide us not. Shaks. AFTER-LIVER. n. s. [from after and live.] He that lives in succeeding times. By thee my promise sent Unto myself, let after-livers know. Sidney. AFTERLOVE. n. s. [from after and love.] The second or later love.

Intended, or committed, was this fault? If but the first, how heinous e'er it be, To win thy after-lovs, I pardon thee. Shaksp. AFTERMATH. n. s. [from after and math, from mow.] The latter math; the second crop of grass, mown in autumn. See AFTERCROP.

AʼFTERNOON. n.s. [from after and noon.] The time from the meridian to the evening.

A beauty-waining and distressed widow, Ev'n in the afternoon of her best days, Made prize and purchase of his wanton eye. Shakspeare's Richard 111. However, keep the lively taste you hold Of God; and love him now, but fear him more; And, in your afternoons, think what you told And promis'd him at morning-prayer before. Donne.

Such, all the morning, to the pleadings run; But, when the bus'ness of the day is done,

On dice, and drink, and drabs, they spend the A'FTER PAINS. n. s. [from after and pain.] afternoon. Dryden's Persius.

The pains after birth, by which women are delivered of the secundine. A'FTERPART. n. s. [from after and part.] The latter part.

The flexibleness of the former part of a man's age, not yet grown up to be headstrong, makes it more governable and safe; and, in the afterpart, reason and foresight begin a little to take place, and mind a man of his safety and imLocke. provement. AFTERPROOF. n. s. [from after and proof.] 1. Evidence posterior to the thing in question.

2. Qualities known by subsequent experience.

All know, that he likewise at first was much under the expectation of his afterproof; such a solar influence there is in the solar aspect. Wotton. A'FTERTASTE.n.s. [from after and taste.] A taste remaining upon the tongue after the draught, which was not perceived in the act of drinking. A'FTERTHOUGHT. n. s. [from after and thought.] Reflections after the act; expedients formed too late. It is not properly to be used for second thought.

Expence, and afterthought, and idle care, And doubts of motley hue, and dark despair; Suspicions, and fantastical surmise,

And jealousy suffus'd with jaundice in her eyes, Discolouring all she view'd, in tawny dress'd, Downlook'd and with a cuckow on her fist.

A'FTERTIMES. n. s. [from after and time.] Dryden's Fables. Succeeding times. See AFTERAGES.

You promis'd once a progeny divine Of Romans, rising from the Trojan line, In aftertimes should hold the world in awe, And to the land and ocean give the law. Dryden. A'FTERTOSSING. n. s. [from after and toss.] The motion of the sea after a

storm.

Confusions and tumults are only the impotent remains of an unnatural rebellion, and are no more than the aftertossings of a sea when the storm is laid. Addison's Freeholder.

A'FTERWARD. adv. [from after and peand, Sax.] In succeeding time: sometimes written afterwards, but less properly.

Uses not thought upon before, may afterward spring up, and be reasonable causes of retaining that, which former considerations did formerly Hooker. procure to be instituted.

An anxious distrust of the divine goodness, makes a man more and more unworthy of it; and miserable beforehand, for fear of being so afterward. L'Estrange. AFTERWIT. n. s. [from after and wit.] The contrivance of expedients after the occasion of using them is past. See ATFERTHOUGHT.

There is no recalling what's gone and past; so that afterwit comes too late, when the mischief is done. LEstrange.

AFTERWRATH. n. s. [from after and wrath.] Anger when the provocation seems past. I hear him mock The luck of Cæsar, which the gods give men T'excuse their afterwrath. Shakspeare. A'GA.n.s. The title of a Turkish military officer.

AGAIN. adv. [agen, Sax.]

1. A second time; once more; marking the repetition of the same thing.

The poor remnant of human seed, which remained in their mountains, peopled their country again slowly, by little and little. Bacon. Should Nature's self invade the world again, And o'er the centre spread the liquid main, Thy pow'r were safe.

Waller.

Go now, deluded man, and seek again New toils, new dangers, on the dusty plain. Dryden's Æneid. Some are already retired into foreign countries; and the rest who possess lands, are determined never to hazard them again, for the sake of establishing their superstition. Swift. 2. On the other hand; marking some opposition or contrariety.

His wit increased upon the occasion; and so much the more, if the occasion were sharpened with danger. Again, whether it were the shortness of his foresight, or the strength of his will, certain it is, that the perpetual trouble of his fortunes could not have been without defects in his nature.

Bacon.

Those things that we know not what to do withal, if we had them; and those things, again, which another cannot part with, but to his own loss and shame. L'Estrange's Fables.

3. On another part; marking a transition to some new consideration.

Behold yon mountain's hoary height, Made higher with new mounts of snow; Again, behold the winter's weight

Oppress the lab'ring woods below.

Dryden.

4. In return; noting reaction, or reciprocal action; as, his fortune worked upon his nature, and his nature again upon his fortune.

5. Back; in restitution.

When your head did but ake,

I knit my hadkerchief about your brows; The best I had, a princess wrought it me, And I did never ask it you again. Shaksp. 6. In return for any thing; in recompence. That he hath given will he pay again.

Proverbs. 7. In order of rank or succession; marking distribution.

Question was asked of Demosthenes. What was the chief part of an orator? He answered, Action. What next? Action. What next again? Action. Bacon's Essays.

The cause of the holding green, is the close and compact substance of their leaves, and the pedicles of them; and the cause of that again is either the tough and viscous juice of the plant, or the strength and heat thereof. Bacon. 8. Besides; in any other time or place. They have the Walloons, who are tall soldiers; yet that is but a spot of ground. But, on the other side, there is not in the world again such a

spring and seminary of brave military people, as in England, Scotland, and Ireland. Bacon. 9. Twice as much; marking the same quantity once repeated.

There are whom heav'n has blest with store
of wit,

Yet want as much again to manage it;
For wit and judgment ever are at strife,
Tho' meant each other's aid, like man and wife.
Pope:

I should not be sorry to see a chorus on a theatre more than as large and as deep again as ours, built and adorned at a king's charges. Dryden. 10. Again and again; with frequent repetition; often.

This is not to be obtained by one or two hasty readings: it must be repeated again and again, with a close attention to the tenour of the disLocke.

course.

II. In opposition; by way of resist

ance.

Who art thou that answerest again? Romans. 12. Back; as returning from some message.

Bring us word again which way we shall go. Deuteronomy. AGAINST. prep. [ængeon, ongeond, Sax.] 1. In opposition to any person.

And he will be a wild man; his hand will be against every man, and every man's hand against him. Genesis.

2. Contrary; opposite, in general. That authority of men should prevail with men either against or above reason, is no part of our belief. Hooker. He is melancholy without cause, and merry against the hair. Shakspeare.

We might work any effect without and against matter; and this not holpen by the co-operation of angels or spirits, but only by the unity and harmony of nature. Bacon's Natural History. The preventing goodness of God does even wrest him from himself, and save him, as it were, South. against his will.

The god, uneasy till he slept again, Resolv'd at once to rid himself of pain; And, tho' against his custom, call'd aloud.

Dryden.

Men often say a thing is against their conscience, when really it is not. Swift's Miscel 3. In contradiction to any opinion.

4.

After all that can be said against a thing, this will still be true, that many things possibly are, which we know not of; and that many more things may be than are; and if so, after all our arguments against a thing, it will be uncertain whether it be or not. Tillotson.

The church-clergy have written the best collection of tracts against popery that ever appeared in England. Swift.

With contrary motion or tendency:

used of material action.

Boils and plagues

Plaister you o'er, that one infect another Against the wind a mile. Shakspeare's Coriolanus.

The kite being a bird of prey, and therefore hot, delighteth in the fresh air; and many times flieth against the wind, as trouts and salmons swim against the stream. Bacon.

5. Contrary to rule or law.

If aught against my life Thy country sought of thee, it sought unjustly, Against the law of nature, law of nations.

Milton. Against the public sanctions of the peace, Against all omens of their ill success, With fates averse, the rout in arms resort, To force their monarch, and insult the court. Dryden. Against the Tiber's mouth, but far away.

6. Opposite to, in place.

Dryden. 7. To the hurt of another. See sense 5. And, when thou think'st of her eternity, Think not that death against her nature is; Think it a birth and when thou go'st to die, Sing like a swan, as if thou went'st to bliss.

Sir J. Davies.

8. In provision for; in expectation of. This mode of speaking probably had its original from the idea of making provision against, or in opposition to, a time of misfortune, but by degrees acquired a neutral sense. It sometimes has the case elliptically suppressed; as, against he comes, that is, against the time when he comes.

Thence she them brought into a stately hall, Wherein were many tables fair dispread,

And ready dight with drapets festival, Against the viands should be ministred. Fairy Q The like charge was given them against the time they should come to settle themselves in the land promised unto their fathers.

Hooker.

Some say, that ever 'gainst that season comes, Wherein our Saviour's birth is celebrated, The bird of dawning singeth all night long; And then they say no spirit walks abroad; The nights are wholesome, then no planets strike;

No fairy takes, no witch hath power to charm; So hallow'd and so gracious is the time. Shaksp. To that purpose, he made haste to Bristol that all things might be ready against the prince Clarendon, çame thither.

wear.

Against the promis'd time provides with care, And hastens in the woof the robes he was to Dryden. All which I grant to be reasonably and truly said, and only desire they may be remembered Stillingflect. against another day. A'GALAXY. n.5. [from a and year.] Want of milk. AGA'PE. adv. [from a and gape.] Staring with eagerness, as a bird gapes for

meat.

Dict.

In himself was all his state; More solemn than the tedious pomp that waits On princes, when their rich retinue long Of horses led, and grooms besmear'd with gold, Dazzles the crowd, and sets them all agape. Paradise Lost. Dazzle the crowd, and set them all agape.

Philips. The whole crowd stood agape, and ready to take the doctor at his word. Spectator.

AGARICK. n. s. [agaricum, Lat.] A drug of use in physick, and the dying trade. It is divided into male and female: the male is used only in dying, the female

in medicine: the male grows on oaks, the female on larches.

There are two excrescences which grow upon trees, both of them in the nature of mushrooms: the one the Romans call boletus, which groweth upon the roots of oaks, and was one of the dainties of their table; the other is medicinal, that is called agarick, which groweth upon the tops of oaks; though it be affirmed by some, Bacon. that it groweth also at the roots. AGA'ST adj. [This word, which is usually, by later authors, written aghast, is not improbably the true word, derived from agaze, which has been written aghast See from a mistaken etymology. AGHAST.]

Struck with terrour; amazed; frighted to astonishment. Thus roving on

In confus'd march forlorn, th' advent'rous bands With shudd'ring horrour pale, and eyes agast, View'd first their lamentable lot, and found No rest. Milton's Paradise Lost. A'GATE. n. s. [agate, Fr. achates, Lat.] A precious stone of the lowest class, often clouded with beautiful variega. tions.

In shape no bigger than an agate stone, On the forefinger of an alderman. Shakspeare. Agates are only varieties of the fint kind they have a grey horny ground, clouded, lineated, or spotted with different colours, chiefly dusky, black, brown, red, and sometimes blue. Woodro.

A'GATY. adj. [from agate.] Partaking of the nature of agate.

An agaty flint was above two inches in diameter; the whole covered over with a friable Woodward.

cretaceous crust.

To AGAʼZE. v. a. [from a and gaze, to

set a gazing; as, amaze, amuse, and others.] To strike with amazement; to stupify with sudden terrour. The verb is now out of use.

So as they travell'd so they 'gan espy An armed knight toward them gallop fast,

That seemed from some feared foe to fly, Or other grisly thing that him agast. Fairy Queen. AGA'ZED. participial adj. [from agaze; which see.] Struck with amazement; terrified to stupidity.

Hundreds he sent to hell, and none durst stand him;

Here, there, and every where, enrag'd he flew : The French exclaim'd, "The devil was in arms!"

All the whole army stood agazed on him. Shak. AGE. n. s. [age, Fr. anciently, eage or aage: it is deduced by Menage from atatium, of atas; by Junius, from aa, which, in the Teutonic dialects, signified long duration.]

1. Any period of time attributed to something, as the whole, or part, of its duration in this sense we say, the age of man, the several ages of the world, the golden or iron age.

One man in his time plays many parts,
His life being seven ages.
Shakspeare

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Destin'd Restorer of Mankind, by whom
New heav'n, and earth, shall to the ages rise,
Or down from heav'n descend. Paradise Lost.
No declining age

E'er felt the raptures of poetic rage. Roscommon. 3. The time in which any particular man, or race of men, lived or shall live; as, the age of heroes.

No longer now the golden age appears,
When patriarch wits surviv'd a thousand years.
Pope.

4. The space of a hundred years; a se-
cular period; a century.

5. The latter part of life; old age; old

ness.

You see how full of change his age is the observation we have made of it hath not been little; he always loved our sister most, and with what poor judgment he hath now cast her off! Shakspeare's King Lear. Boys must not have th' ambitious care of men, Nor men the weak anxieties of age. Roscommon. And on this forehead, where your verse has said

The loves delighted, and the graces play'd,
Insulting age will trace his cruel way,
And leave sad marks of his destructive sway.
Prior.

6. Maturity; ripeness; years of discre-
tion; full strength of life.

A solemn admission of proselytes, all that either, being of age, desire that admission for themselves, or that, in infancy, are by others presented to that charity of the church.

Hammond.

We thought our sires, not with their own

content,

Had, ere we came to age, our portion_spent.

7. In law.

Dryden.

In a man, the age of fourteen years is the age of discretion; and twenty-one years is the full age. In a woman, at seven years of age, the lord her father may distrain his tenants for aid to marry her; at the age of nine years she is dowable; at twelve years, she is able finally to ratify and confirm her former consent given to matrimony; at fourteen, she is enabled to receive her land into her own hands, and shall be out of ward at the death of her ancestor : at sixteen she shall be out of ward, though at the death of her ancestor she was within the age of fourteen years; at twenty-one, she is able to alienate her lands and tenements. At the age of fourteen, a stripling is enabled to choose his own guardian; at the age of fourteen, a man may consent to marriage. Corvell. A'GED. adj. [from age. It makes two syllables in poetry.]

1. Old; stricken in years: applied generally to animate beings.

If the comparison do stand between man and man, the aged, for the most part, are best experienced, least subject to rash and unadvised passions. Hooker.

Novelty is only in request; and it is as dan gerous to be aged in any kind of course, as it is virtuous to be constant in any undertaking. Shakspeare.

Prior.

Kindness itself too weak a charm will prove To raise the feeble fires of aged love. 2. Old: applied to inanimate things. This use is rare, and commonly with some tendency to the prosopopaia.

The people did not more worship the images of gold and ivory, than they did the groves; and the same Quintilian saith of the aged oaks. Stilling fleet. A'GEDLY. adv. [from aged.] After the manner of an aged person.

AGE'N. adv. [agen, Sax. This word is now only written in this manner, though it be in reality the true orthography, for the sake of rhime.] Again; in return. See AGAIN.

Thus Venus: Thus her son reply'd agen;
None of your sisters have we heard or seen.
Dryden.

A'GENCY. n. s. [from agent.]
The quality of acting; the state of
being in action; action.

1.

A few advances there are in the following papers, tending to assert the superintendence and agency of Providence in the natural world.

Woodward. 2. The office of an agent or factor for another; business performed by an agent.

Some of the purchasers themselves may be content to live cheap in a worse country, rather than be at the charge of exchange and agencies. Savift. A'GENT. adj. [agens, Lat.] That which acts: opposed to patient, or that which is acted upon.

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This success is oft truly ascribed unto the force of imagination upon the body agent; and then, by a secondary means it may upon a diverse body as, for example, if a man carry a ring, or some part of a beast, believing strongly that it will help him to obtain his love, it may make him more industrious, and again more confident and persisting, than otherwise he would be, Bacon's Nat. Hist.

A'GENT. n. s,

I. An actor; he that acts; he that possesses the faculty of action.

Where there is no doubt, deliberation is not excluded as impertinent unto the thing, but as needless in regard of the agent, which seeth alHooker. ready what to resolve upon.

To whom nor agent, from the instrument, Nor pow'r of working, from the work is known. Davies.

Heav'n made us agents free to good or ill, And forc'd it not, tho' he foresaw the will. Freedom was first bestow'd on human race, And prescience only held the second place. Dryd.

A miracle is a work exceeding the power of any created agent, consequently being an effect of the divine omnipotence. South's Sermons,

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