treat with Indians at Carlisle and at Easton. Project and establish Academy. Pamphlet on it. Journey to Boston. At Albany. Plan of union of the colonies. Copy of it. Remarks upon it. It fails, and how. Journey to Boston in 1754. Disputes about it in our Assembly. My part in them. New Governor. Disputes with him. His character and sayings to me. Chosen Alderman. Project of Hospital. My share in it. Its success. Boxes. Made a Commissioner of the Treasury. My commission to defend the frontier counties. Raise Men and build Forts. Militia Law of my drawing. Made Colonel. Parade of my Officers. Offence to Proprietor. Assistance to Boston Ambassadors. Journey with Shirley, &c. Meet with Braddock. Assistance to him. To the Officers of his Army. Furnish him with Forage. His concessions to me and character of me. Success of my Electrical Experiments. Medal sent me. Present Royal Society, and Speech of President. Denny's Arrival and Courtship to me. His character. My service to the Army in the affair of Quarters. Disputes about the Proprietor's Taxes continued. Project for paving the City. I am sent to England. Negotiation there. Canada delenda est. My Pamphlet. Its reception and effect. Projects drawn from me concerning the Conquest. Acquaintance made and their services to me - Mrs. S. M. Small, Sir John P., Mr. Wood, Sargent Strahan, and others. Their characters. Doctorate from Edinburgh, St. Andrew's. Doctorate from Oxford. Journey to Scotland. Lord Leicester, Mr. Prat. De Grey. Jackson. State of Affairs in England. Delays. Eventful Journey into Holland and Flanders. Agency from Maryland. Son's appointment. My Return. Allowance and thanks. Journey to Boston. John Penn, Governor. My conduct toward him. The Paxton Murders. My Pamphlet. Rioters march to Philadel phia. Governor retires to my House. My conduct. Sent out to the Insurgents. Turn them back. Little thanks. Disputes revived. Resolutions against continuing under Proprietary Government. Another Pamphlet. Cool thoughts. Sent again to England with Petition. Negotiation there.
Lord H. His character. Agencies from New Jersey, Georgia, Massachusetts. Journey into Germany, 1766. Civilities received there. Göttingen Observations. Ditto into France in 1767. Ditto in 1769. Entertainment there at the Academy. Introduced to the King and the Mesdames, Mad. Victoria and Mrs.
Lamagnon. Duc de Chaulnes, M. Beaumont, Le Roy, D'Alibard, Nollet. See Journals. Holland. Reprint my papers and add many. Books presented to me from many authors. My Book translated into French. Lightning Kite. Various Discoveries. My manner of prosecuting that Study. King of Denmark invites me to dinner. Recollect my Father's Proverb. Stamp Act. My opposition to it. Recommendation of J. Hughes. Amendment of it. Examination in Parliament. Reputation it gave me. Caressed by Ministry. Charles Townsend's Act. Opposition to it. Stoves and chimney-plates. Armonica. Acquaintance with Ambassadors. Russian Intimation. Writing in newspapers. Glasses from Germany. Grant of Land in Nova Scotia. Sicknesses. Letters to America returned hither. The consequences. Insurance Office. My character. Costs me nothing to be civil to inferiors; a good deal to be submissive to superiors, &c., &c. Farce of Perpetual Motion. Writing for Jersey Assembly. Hutchinson's letters. Temple. Suit in Chancery. Abuse before the Privy Council. Lord Hillsborough's character and conduct. Lord Dartmouth. Negotiation to prevent the War. Return to America. Bishop of St. Asaph. Congress. Assembly. Committee of Safety. Chevaux-de-frise. Sent to Boston, to the Camp. To Canada, to Lord Howe. To France. Treaty, &c.
ACADEMY, founding an, 149-152.
Adams, Matthew, 20.
Alexander, James, 166.
Allen, Judge, of New Jersey, 77.
Allen, William, 140.
Amboy, 32, 33.
American Philosophical Society, the, 138 and note.
Amherst, Lord, 209.
Argument, 21, 25, 26, 49.
Cincinnati, the order of the, 243 and note.
Clapham, Colonel, 193. Clifton, John, 160. Clinton, Governor, 140.
Coleman, William, 82; his kindness to Franklin, 87.
Collins, John, 21, 30, 39, 43, 45-47, 78. Collinson, Peter, 199, 200, 217. Cooper, Joseph, 77.
Art of Virtue, The, a proposed book, 111, Craven Street, London, 162. 112, 234.
Bethlehem, Pa., 189, 190, 193–195.
Bible, concealment of a, 11, 12. Bond, the two Doctors, 185, 186. Bond, Dr. Thomas, establishes a hospital in Philadelphia with Franklin's help, 154-157.
Bonnell, Captain, 209, 210.
Boston, Franklin's life in, 12-30; a short visit to, 41-43; 199.
Braddock, General Edward, 173–184. Bradford, Andrew, 37, 38, 83, 84, 86, 91, 127.
Bradford, William, 31, 37, 38.
Breintnal, Joseph, 81, 82, 84, 90. Brockden, Charles, 94, 96. Brown, Dr., 33.
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, Count de,
Bunyan, John, 19, 31, 32.
Burlington, N. J., 33, 34, 76, 77. Burnet, Governor, 45.
Bustill, Samuel, 77.
Cambridge, England, 227.
Canada, its importance to Great Britain, 223, 228, 229; commissioners sent to, 238.
Canton, John, 203. Carlisle, Pa., 153, 154.
Cave, publisher of The Gentleman's Mag- azine, 200.
Charles, Mr., London Agent for the Province of Pennsylvania, 217, 221.
Croghan, George, 180.
Dalibard, Thomas François, translates Franklin's papers on electricity, 201; proves the truth of Franklin's theory as to lightning, 202.
Declaration of Independence, the, 238, 239.
Decow, Isaac, 77. Deism, 77, 78.
Denham, Mr., a Quaker merchant of Phil- adelphia, 55-57, 66; employs Franklin as a clerk, 67; 70; dies, 71.
Denny, Captain William, Governor of Pennsylvania, 171, 198; his first inter- course with Franklin, 203-205; 206, 208; passes an act of the Assembly taxing the proprietary estate, 220; is removed from office, 222.
Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity Pleasure and Pain, A, 59.
Dunbar, Colonel, 179, 182, 184, 185, 197, 198.
Dunkers, the, 146.
Eagle, bald, 242, 243.
Ecton, Northamptonshire, 9, 227, 228. Electricity, 199–203.
Falmouth, 216.
Fawkener, Sir Everard, 197.
Fire department, the foundation of ag 129, 130; 142, 143.
Fireplace, the Pennsylvania, 147, 148. Folger, Peter, grandfather of Franklin, 12, 13.
Fort Duquesne, Battle of, 181-183. Fort George, 209.
Fothergill, Dr. John, 161, 200, 217, 218. France, Franklin in, 240-243. Francis, Mr., attorney-general, 149.
Franklin, Benjamin, uncle of Benjamin,
Franklin, Abiah (Folger), mother of Ben- jamin, 12, 17.
Franklin, Benjamin, ancestry and pa- rentage, 9-13; birth, 12 and note; schooling, 13, 14; learning his father's trade of tallow-chandler, 14-18; an early instance of misdirected public spirit, 15; his indifference in regard to his food, 16, 17; fondness for reading, 19, 20; becomes an apprentice in his brother James's printing-office, 19, 20; writes and sells ballads, 20; practices prose-writing, 20-23; becomes a vege- tarian, 23, 24; his studies, 24, 25; writes for the New England Courant, 27, 28; his disputes with his brother James, 28-30; a new arrangement with his brother, 29; asserts his free- dom and goes to New York, 29, 30; the journey from New York to Philadel- phia, 31-35; first day in Philadelphia, 35-37; finds employment and lodgings, 37-39; urged by the governor to set up a printing business in Philadelphia, 40, 41; goes home with a letter from the governor to his father, 41, 42; his father refusing, on account of his youth, to set him up in business, he returns to Philadelphia, 42-45; rela- tions with Collins, 46, 47; promises of assistance from the governor, 47, 48; vegetarianism and argument, 48-51; be- comes attached to Miss Deborah Read, 50; his acquaintances in Philadelphia, 50-53; on the governor's assurances of financial assistance he sails for London to buy an outfit for his printing-office, 53-55; arrival in London and disclos- ure of Governor Keith's faithlessness, 56, 57; finds employment at Palmer's printing-house, 58, 59; makes acquain- tances, 59, 60; breaks with his friend James Ralph, 61; enters Watts's print- ing-house, 61; his temperate habits, 31-63; his lodgings, 63-65; his swim- ming powers, 65-68; enters the em- ployment of Mr. Denham, a Philadel- phia merchant, and sails for America, 67, 68; as a merchant's clerk in Phila- delphia, 70; very ill of pleurisy, 71; by the death of Mr. Denham he is thrown out of his situation, and he again enters the printing-house of his old em- ployer, Keimer, 71; is discharged by Keimer without cause, but is after- wards reëngaged, 74-76; agrees to a partnership with Hugh Meredith in a printing business, 75; makes friends in New Jersey, 76, 77; morality and religion, 77-79; leaves Keimer and starts business with Meredith, 79, 80; forms a debating club called the Junto, 80-82; industry in business, 82, 83; starts a newspaper, The Pennsylvania Gazette, 83, 84; increasing business,
85, 86; his partnership with Meredith is dissolved, and with the assistance of friends he continues the business alone, 86-88; advocates an increase of the pa- per currency, 88, 89; growing business, 89-91; courtship and marriage, 92-94; establishes the first subscription library in America, 94-98; assisted by the in- dustry and frugality of his wife, 99; his religious beliefs, 99-101; his plan of moral improvement, 101-114; his pro- ject of founding an international so- ciety or sect for the practice of virtue, 115-117; publication and success of Poor Richard's Almanac, 118-119; his manner of conducting his newspaper, 119; sends one of his journeymen to South Carolina under a partnership arrangement, 120; his relations with Rev. Mr. Hemphill, 121; learning lan- guages, 122, 123; visits Boston and Newport, 124; loses his little boy, 124; brings about the enlargement of the Junto's usefulness by the formation of subordinate clubs, 125, 126; chosen clerk of the General Assembly of Pennsylvania, 126; turns an enemy into a friend, 126, 127; is made post- master at Philadelphia, 127; accom- plishes the reform of the city watch, 128; through his instrumentality a fire department is organized, 129, 130; his acquaintance with the Rev. George Whitefield, 133, 134; increasing pros- perity, 136; forms partnerships in other colonies, 137; starts a movement for an academy, 138; establishes the Ameri- can Philosophical Society, 138; his successful efforts in behalf of the pub- lic defence, 138-145; his rule as to public office, 141; invents the Frank- lin stove, or Pennsylvania fireplace, 147, 148; founds an academy, which afterwards became the University of Philadelphia and finally the University of Pennsylvania, 149-152; takes Mr. David Hall into partnership to man- age his business, 151; elected to mem- bership in the Assembly and other offices, 152, 153; furthers Dr. Thomas Bond's plans for a hospital in Phila- delphia, 154-157; advice to a solicitor of subscriptions, 157, 158; his share in bringing about the paving, cleaning, and lighting of Philadelphia streets, 159-161; his project for the clean- ing of London streets, 161-164; post- master-general for America jointly with Mr. William Hunter, 165; takes a journey to New England, where he receives the degree of Master of Arts from Harvard College, 165, 166; ap- pointed one of the commissioners to arrange an alliance with the Six Nations, 166; his plan for a union of the colonies, 166-168; his pleasant re- lations with Governor Morris, 169, 170;
his services in procuring money from the Assembly to be used by the gov- ernment of Massachusetts in an attack upon the French, 172, 173; procures transport wagons and supplies for Gen- eral Braddock's expedition against Fort Duquesne, 173-180; his unheeded warning to Braddock, 180, 181; recom- mendatory letters from Braddock, 184; partially successful efforts to se- cure the return of servants which had
been enlisted in the army, 184; diffi- culties with the owners of transport wagons, 185; forebodings as to the outcome of the expedition, 185, 186; appointed on a commission to spend an appropriation for the defence of the Province, 188; promotes the formation of a militia, 188, 195; raises troops and commands an expedition to build a line of forts against the Indians, 188- 193; colonel in the militia, 195, 196; incurs the enmity of the proprietor of the Province, 196, 197; his relations with Governor Morris, 197, 198; his electrical experiments and discoveries, 199-203; chosen a member of the Royal Society, 203; receives a medal from the Royal Society, 203; his first meeting and subsequent relations with Governor Denny, 203-205; appointed agent of the Province of Pennsylvania to present and support its petition to the crown against the Penn family, 205; his relations with General Lord Loudoun, 206-212; delayed in starting for London and on the voyage by Lord Loudoun's indecision and procrastina- tion, 207-209; unsuccessful efforts to secure reimbursement for money ad- vanced to buy provisions, etc., for the army, 211, 212; events of the voyage, 212-216; lands at Falmouth_and pro- ceeds to London, 216; visits Dr. Foth- ergill and Mr. Peter Collinson, 217; his conversation with Lord Granville, 217, 218; his negotiations with the proprietaries, 218-223; his stay in England, 223-231; makes purchases for his wife, 224-226; makes friends in England, 227; visits his ancestral home, 227, 228; his ideas as to the im- portance of America to England, 228, 229; advice to Mary Stevenson as to reading, 229, 230; returns to America, 231, 232; makes a tour through the northern colonies to inspect and regu- late the postal system, 232; his services during the riots of the "Paxton Boys" against the converted Indians, 233; a short period of unpopularity, 234; again sent to England as agent for the Province, 234; his services to the col- onies, 234-237; makes purchases for his wife, 235, 236; returns to America, 237; unanimously chosen a delegate to the Continental Congress, 237; letter
to Mr. William Strahan, 237; letter to another English acquaintance, 237; goes to Canada as one of three commis sioners to solicit assistance, 238; takes part in the discussions leading to the Declaration of Independence, 238, 239; represents the United States in France, 240-242; his personal appearance at this time, 241; one of the peace com- mission, 241, 242; a letter to Mrs. Hewson, 241; a letter to his daughter, 242; returns to America and is made president of the State of Pennsylvania, 243; last years, 243; death, 244; his epitaph, 244.
Franklin, Mrs. Benjamin, her married life, 94; her death, 94 n., 241; her in- dustry and frugality, 99; 223; Frank- lin's letters to, 224, 227, 235; 232. See Read, Miss Deborah.
Franklin, James, brother of Benjamin, 19, 23, 24; publishes the New England Courant, 26, 27; his treatment of his brother Benjamin, 28; trouble with the authorities, 28, 29; makes another arrangement with Benjamin, 29; Ben- jamin leaves him, 30; 42; reconcilia- tion with Benjamin, 124. Franklin, John, brother of Benjamin, 18, 43.
Franklin, John, uncle of Benjamin, 9, 10.
Franklin, Josiah, father of Benjamin, 10, 11; emigrates to New England, 12; his family, 12; 13-15; his person and character, 15, 16; his grave, 17; 18- 23, 28, 30, 42, 43.
Franklin, Samuel, first cousin of Benja- min, 18.
Franklin, Samuel, second cousin of Ben- jamin, 10.
Franklin, Sarah, daughter of Renjamin, 226, 227, 232, 236; a letter from her father, 242.
Franklin, Thomas, grandfather of Benja- min, 9, 10.
Franklin, Thomas, uncle of Benjamin, 10, 227, 228.
Franklin, William, son of Benjamin, ap- pointed clerk to the General Assembly of Pennsylvania, 153; 176, 188, 216, 223-225; his marriage and appointment as governor of New Jersey, 232 n. Franklin family, the, 9-12. Franklin stove, the, 147, 148. French, Colonel, of Newcastle, 40, 55.
Georgia, settlement of, 132, 133. Gnadenhut, 188-194. Godfrey, Thomas, 79, 81, 92, 93. Godfrey, Mrs. Thomas, 92, 93. Gordon, Major, Governor of Pennsyl vania, 70.
Grace, Robert, 82; his kindness to Franklin, 87; manufactures the Frank- lin stove, 147.
Granville, Lord, 217, 218.
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