and where he still resides, engaged in the practice of law, respected and esteemed by all the citizens.

The following are the enactments of the Shawnee Legislature to punish offenses against slave property:

"Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Kansas, as follows:

"SEC. 1. That every person, bond or free, who shall be convicted of actually raising a rebellion or insurrection of slaves, free negroes or mulattoes, in this Territory shall suf

fer death.

"SEC. 2. Every free person who shall aid or assist in any rebellion or insurrection of slaves, free negroes or mulattoes, or shall furnish arms or do any overt act in furtherance of such rebellion or insurrection, shall suffer death.

"SEC. 3. If any free person shall, by speaking, writing or printing, advise, persuade or induce, any slaves to rebel, conspire against or murder any citizen of this Territory, or shall bring into, print, write, publish or circulate, or shall cause to be brought into, printed, written, published or circulated, or shall knowingly aid or assist in the bringing into, printing, writing, publishing or circulating in this Territory, any paper, book, magazine, pamphlet or circular, for the purpose of exciting insurrection, rebellion, revolt or conspiracy on the part of the slaves, free negroes or mulattoes, against the citizens of the Territory, or any part of them, such person shall be guilty of felony and suffer death.

"SEC. 4. If any person shall entice, decoy or carry away out of this Territory any slave belonging to another, with intent to deprive the owner thereof of the services of such slave, or with intent to effect or procure the freedom of such slave, he shall be adjudged guilty of grand larceny, and, on conviction thereof, shall suffer death, or be imprisoned at hard labor for not less than ten years.

"SEC. 5. If any person shall aid or assist in enticing, decoying or persuading, or carrying away, or sending out of this Territory, any slave belonging to another, with intent to procure or effect the freedom of such slave, or with intent to deprive the owner thereof, shall suffer death, or be imprisoned at hard labor for not less than ten years.

SEC. 6. If any person shall entice, decoy or carry away out of any State or Territory of the United States, any slave

belonging to another, with intent to procure or effect the freedom of such slave, or to deprive the owner thereof of the services of such slave, and shall bring such slave into this Territory, he shall be adjudged guilty of grand larceny, in the same manner as if such slave had been enticed, decoyed or carried away out of this Territory, and in such case the larceny may be charged to have been committed in any county of this Territory, into or through which such slave shall have been brought by such person, and, on conviction thereof, the person offending shall suffer death, or be imprisoned at hard labor for not less than ten years.

"SEC. 7. If any person shall entice, persuade or induce any slave to escape from the service of his master, or owner, in this Territory, or shall aid or assist any slave in escaping from the service of his master, or owner, or shall aid, assist, harbor or conceal, any slave who may have escaped from the service of his master, or owner, he shall be deemed guilty of felony, and punished by imprisonment at hard labor for a term of not less than five years.

"SEC. 8. If any person in this Territory shall aid or assist, harbor or conceal, any slave who has escaped from the service of his master, or owner, in another State or Territory, such person shall be punished in like manner as if such slave had escaped from the service of his master or owner in this Territory.

"SEC. 9. If any person shall resist any officer while attempting to arrest any slave who may have escaped from the service of his master, or owner, or shall rescue such slave when in custody of any officer, or other person, or shall entice, persuade, aid or assist, such slave to escape from the custody of any officer, or other person who may have such slave in custody, whether such slave shall have escaped from the service of his master, or owner, in this Territory, or in any other State or Territory, the person so offending shall be guilty of felony, and punished by imprisonment at hard labor for a term of not less than two years.

"SEC. 10. If any marshal, sheriff, or constable, or the deputy of any such officer, shall, when required by any person, refuse to aid or assist in the arrest and capture of any slave that may have escaped from his master or owner, whether such slave shall have escaped from his master in this Territory, or any State or other Territory, such officer

shall be fined in a sum not less than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars.

"SEC. 11. If any person print, write, introduce into, or circulate, or cause to be brought into, written, printed or circulated, or shall knowingly aid or assist in bringing into, printing, publishing or circulating within this Territory, any book, paper, painphlet, magazine, handbill or circular, containing any statements, arguments, opinions, sentiment, doctrine, advice, or inuendo, calculated to produce disorderly, dangerous or rebellious disaffection among the slaves of the Territory, or to induce such slaves to escape from the service of their masters, or to resist their authority, he shall be guilty of felony, and be punished by imprisonment at hard labor for a term of not less than five years.

"SEC. 12. If any free person, by speaking or writing, assert or maintain that persons have not the right to hold slaves in this Territory, print, publish, write, circulate, or cause to be introduced into the Territory, written, printed, published, and circulated in this Territory, any book, paper, magazine, pamphlet, or circular, containing any denial of the right of persons to hold slaves in this Territory, such person shall be deemed guilty of felony, and punished by imprisonment at hard labor for a term of not less than five

years.

"SEC. 13. No person who is conscientiously opposed to holding slaves, or who does not admit the right to hold slaves in this Territory, shall sit as a juror on the trial of any prosecution for any violation of any of the sections of this act.

"This act to take effect and be in force from and after the 15th day of September, A. D. 1855.

"J. H. STRINGFELLOW, Speaker of the House. "Attest, J. M. LYLE, Clerk.

"THOMAS JOHNSON, President of the Council.

"Attest, J. A. HALDERMAN, Clerk."

"AN ACT TO PUNISH PERSONS DECOYING SLAVES FROM THEIR MAS

TERS.

"Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative Assembly of Kansas Territory:

"SEC. 1. If any person shall entice, decoy, or carry away out of this Territory, any slave belonging to another, with

intent to deprive the owner thereof of the services of such slave, or with intent to effect or procure the freedom of such slave, he shall be adjudged guilty of grand larceny, and on conviction thereof shall suffer death.

"SEC. 2. If any person shall aid or assist in enticing, decoying, or persuading, or carry out of any State or Territory, any slave belonging to another, with intent to effect or procure the freedom of such slave, he shall be adjudged guilty of grand larceny, and on conviction thereof suffer death.

"SEC. 3. If any person shall entice, decoy, or carry away, out of any State or Territory of the United States, any slave belonging to another, with intent to procure or effect the freedom of such slave, or to deprive the owner thereof of the services of such slave, and shall bring such slave into this Territory, he shall be adjudged guilty of grand larceny, in the same manner as if such slave had been enticed, decoyed, or carried away out of this Territory; and in such case the larceny may be charged to have been committed in any county of this Territory, into or through which such slave shall have been brought by such person, and on conviction thereof the person offending shall suffer death."

CHAPTER XVII.

FREE STATE MOVEMENTS.

Never in the history of the world, even in those days when might made right, were there such bare-faced and audacious acts of civil oppression inflicted upon a community as those we have just recited. By the enactments of a Legislature elected by invaders, the condition of the people of this Territory was far worse than that of our revolutionary fathers. This Legislature had every thing in its power, and had provided for its own perpetuity in the qualifications of its electors. It appointed the State and county officers, levied taxes and gagged the mouths of freemen and a free press, that a word might not be said against "the sum of all villainies."

They had earnestly besought the General Government for protection. They had humbly entreated the President of the United States to issue a proclamation denouncing the conduct of the invaders, and calling upon all good citizens of Missouri and other States to discountenance and disown their acts; to urge upon the United States officers in the Territory-sixteen in number-to disfavor and oppose such proceedings. The effect of such a proclamation from the Chief Executive would have been wonderful. But how did he answer their entreaties? He proceeded to remove the only friend they had among the Federal appointees, and for the simple reason that he was their friend, inasmuch as he sought to protect their rights as freemen.