387. Definition of, 383. Known only
in civilized countries, 393. Produced
by contagion, 400. Not produced by
cold air, 401.
COLEMAN, WILLIAM, an associate of
Franklin, I. 82.

Colica Pictonum, cause of the, VI. 278.
Instance of the, 566.

Colleges, of instruction in, VII. 44.
Subjects which should be studied in,
45. Best location of, 46.
COLLINS, JOHN, his intimacy with Frank-
lin, I. 17. His intemperance, 43.
COLLINSON, PETER, publishes in Eng.
land Franklin's Letters on Electricity,
V. 175. His description of bones of
the Great Mastodon, VI. 276. Notice
of, VII. 50. Some facts relating to,
4:26.
Colonies, observations on the peopling
of, II. 311. Plan of union of the
American, III. 23. Taxation of the
American, 58. On their representa-
tion in Parliament, 64. See American
Colonies.

Colonies, British and French American,
of commerce with the, X. 85.
Comazants, explanation of, V. 224.
Comet, seen in Yorkshire, VI. 451.
Commerce, its effect upon manners, II.
329. Results of fair, 374. Remarks
on American, VII. 321. Correction
of an error respecting, IX. 55.
Commercial Convention proposed by Mr.
Hartley, IX. 416.

Commissioners of the Colonies, their
meeting at Albany in 1754, III. 22.
Plan of union adopted by the, 23.
List of their names, 28.

Commissioners of Customs, of their ex-
emption from taxes, VII. 533. Injus-
tice of the scheme, 547.
Commissioners for American Affairs in
Europe, VII. 190. Of bills drawn by
Congress upon, 249. On the settle-
ment of their accounts, 256. Arthur
Lee's course in regard to the accounts,
260. Inconvenience of maintaining
three, 291. Their financial situation
303. Their advances to Izard and Lee,
310. Their correspondence with Lord
Stormont on the subject of American
prisoners, IX. 166.

Commissioners for Negotiating Peace,
American, who, IX. 82. Nature of
their authority, 143. Their readiness
to treat, announced by Franklin, 195.
Sign the treaty with Great Britain
without communicating with the
French government, 453. Substance
of their instructions, relative to that
communication, 458. Their unreason-
able distrust of the French cabinet,
458. Of their conduct relative to the

signature of the treaty, 532. See

Peace.

Commissioners, British, for treating with
Congress, character of their proposi
tions, VIII. 302.

Commissioners to Canada, appointed by
Congress, VIII. 178. Their commis-
sion, 179.

Committee of Correspondence, appoint-
ment of the Rhode Island, VII. 264.
Constituted by several colonies, VIII.
50.

Committee of the States dissolved, X.

136.

Committee of Congress, to confer with
Washington respecting the army,
mentioned, VIII. 160.

Common Law, to what extent recog-
nised in the colonies, IV. 271.
Common Sense, Thomas Paine's, men-
tioned, VIII. 174.
Comparison of the Conduct of the an-
cient Jews and of the Anti-Federal-
ists in the United States of America, V.
158.

Comparison of Great Britain and the
United States in Regard to the Basis of
Credit in the twoo Countries, II. 426.
Compass, Mariner's, effect of lightning
on the, V. 276. Its antiquity, IX. 29.
Composition, rules for, X. 399.
CONDORCET, Marquis de, Franklin's re-
plies to certain inquiries by, VI. 411.
Disapproves the constitution of the
United States, X. 353.

Conductors, a more appropriate term
than non-electric, V. 260. Correction
of the mistake, that only water and
metals are, 283. Difference in the
quality of, 350. What constitute the
best, 415. On the controversy respect-
ing blunt and pointed, VIII. 226. See
Rods.

Conestogo Indians, their treaty with
Penn, IV. 54. Account of the mas-
sacre of the. 59. Cruel dealing of
the whites with the, 72.
Confederacy, vessel of war, apprehen-
sion expressed of her loss, VIII. 412.
Confidence in the Divine Goodness, on,
VII. 261.

Congress, Colonial, meeting of, in 1765,
concerning the Stamp Act, IV. 471.
Principles on which they were con-
vened, 472.

Congress, Continental, suggested by
Franklin, VIII. 55, 63. Their petition
to the King, V. 26. Chatham's opinion
of their proceedings, 34. Franklin's
Articles of Confederation proposed in
the, 91. Appoint a committee to con
fer with Lord Howe, 97. Report of
the committee respecting the inter-
view, 106. Proposed meeting of a, in

New York, VII. 298. Importance of
unanimity in the, VIII. 132. Com-
mittee appointed by, to confer with
Washington respecting the army, 160.
Secret committee of correspondence,
when constituted, 163. Their mea-
sures censured as unfavorable to con
ciliation, 177. Appoint commissioners
to Canada, 178. Of constituting thei
a supreme legislature, 181. Recon
mend the distribution of papers among
the Hessian troops, 185. Of their
bills drawn on the American commir

sioners in France, 249. Their es
lution in compliment to Dr Pric
354. Remonstrance of Coum de V
gennes against their resolutions re
specting paper money held b foreige
ers, 478 Those resolutionsplainer
499.

Of the aid of France to mees
the drafts of, 500. Remar on the
issue of paper money, 506 Cominen

of Vergennes on their resolution,
dering drafts on Franklin, 515. Em-
barrassment occasioned by their dra'ts,
520. Their instructions respecting
representations to the French court,
534. Accept the mediation of Russia
and Austria, IX. 47. Refuse to ac-
cept Franklin's resignation, 71. Of
their bills drawn on the ministers in
Europe, 74. Difficulty of meeting

those bills, 145. Their acts relative
to spoliations of the enemy, and
claims of loyalists, 426. Their instruc-
tions to the commissioners for nego-
tiating peace, relative to communicat-
ing with the French cabinet, 458.
Ratify the treaty of peace, X. 56.
Their resolves to place no party to a
commercial treaty on a better footing
than France, 138. Character of the,
in 1784, 153. Security to the people
derived from the mode of election of
its members, 177. First petition of, to
the King and Parliament, 433.
Constitution of the United States, Frank-
lin's general views respecting the, V.
155. Progress in its adoption, X 337.
Remarks on the, 345. Its progress,
349, 350, 360, 409.

Constitutions, American, Franklin re-
quests leave to publish them in
France, IX. 503. Translated and pub-
lished in Paris, X. 39.
Convention for forming the Constitution,
proposals for consideration in the, V.
142. Franklin's speech in, on salaries,
144. And motion for prayers in the,
153. His speech at the conclusion of
its deliberations, 155.
Convention, commercial, proposed by
Mr. Hartley, IX. 416.

Convention of Deputies from the sever-

al towns in Massachusetts, their pe
tition to the King, 11. 485.
CONWAY, General, conversation of
Franklin with, on American affairs,
VII. 354. Another conversation with,
385.

Cook, Captain, passport granted by
Franklin, for, V. 122. His voyages,
K. 111. Copy sent to Franklin by the
King's order, 125.

Cookery, modes of, at sea, II. 109. Its
quality at sea, VI. 493.

Cool Thoughts on the Present Situation
f our Public Affairs, object for which
t was written, IV. 78.
COOPER, SIR GREY, Franklin's conver-

tion with, relative to his post of
leputy postmaster-general, VII. 406.
Writes respecting the treatment of
Colonel Laurens in the Tower, VIII.
517.

COOPER, SAMUEL, Franklin's letter ta,
quoted, on the relation of the colonies
to Great Britain, III. 67. His letter
on the Hutchinson Letters, quoted, 421.
Curious incident relating to Franklin's
letters to, VII. 440. Refers to a ru-
mor respecting the conduct of Frank-
lin in regard to the fisheries in nego-
tiating the treaty of peace, X. 6.
Copper, account of a mine of, in the
Jerseys, VI. 107. On covering houses
with, 32). Description of the mode
of doing this, 335.

Copper coinage, for the United States,
projected, VIII. 383. Suitable devices
for, 384.

Cork balls, electrical experiments with,
V. 330.

Corn, remarks on the price of, 11, 355.
Effect of the British laws relative to
the exportation of, 356.
CORNBURY, Lord, Queen Anne's in-
structions to, relative to liberty of con-
science, IV. 6.
CORNWALLIS, Lord, his capitulation, IX.

95.

His exchange for Mr. Laurens
suggested, 263, 292, 319. Is discharg-
ed from his parole by Franklin, 327.
COUR, MATHON DE LA, Some of his
writings mentioned, X. 212. Frank-
lin's compliment to him, 239.
Court of the Press, account of the, II.
508.

COWPER, WILLIAM, Franklin's opinion
of his poetry. IX. 221.

Craven Street Gazette, II. 233 to 240.
Credit, circumstances on which that of
individuals depends, II. 426.
Cremona, effect of lightning on a church
in. V. 467.

CRIGAN, CLAUDIUS, Bishop of Sodor
and Man, his complimentary letter to
Franklin, X. 183.

Criminal law, its impolitic severity, II.

479.
CROGHAN, Colonel, his agency in re-
gard to Walpole's Grant, VII. 355.
Crown Officers, their independence of
the people a violation of the colonial
charters, VII. 52).

CUMBERLAND, Duke of, Governor Pow-
nall's memorial to, respecting barrier
colonies, III. 69.

Currency, on the importance of estab-
lishing a, in America, VII, 321. Pro-
clamation of Queen Anne for pro-
ducing uniformity in the, VIII. Ì15.
See Paper Money.

CUSHING, THOMAS, his letters to Frank-
lin and Dr. Cooper quoted, IV. 419.
Speaker of the Assembly of Massa-
chusetts, VIII. 492

Customs, objectionable method of col-
lecting, in America, VII. 521.

D.

Daggestans, their principle in regard to
hospitality, IV. 66.

DALIBARD, translates Franklin's Ex-
periments and Observations on Elec-
tricity into French, V. 175. Repeats
some experiments with success, 176.
His account of an electrical experi-
ment at Marly, 283.

D'ALLONE, his charities, VII. 202.
DALRYMPLE, SIR JOHN, his discovery
of classical writings in the Escurial
library, VIII. 470. His memorial
mentioned, 472; and given at length,
547.

DALRYMPLE, his plan prepared in con-
cert with Franklin, for benefiting dis-
tant, unprovided countries, II. 377.
DAMPIER, extract from the Voyages of,
on the subject of water-spouts, VI.
183. And on the customs of the peo-
ple of Mindanoo, 393.

DANA, FRANCIS, his conference with
Count de Vergennes relative to his
mission to St. Petersburgh, IX. 17.
DARTMOUTH, Lord, his liberal disposi-
tion towards the colonists, IV. 432.
Franklin's proposed memorial to, V.
79. Succeeds Lord Hillsborough; his
disposition toward the colonies, VIII.
11, 18, 19. Petition to the King pre-
sented to, 22. Franklin's conversa
tion with, respecting it, 25. Another
conversation with, on American affairs,
23. General change of feeling in re-
gard to, 36. His desire to heal the
difficulties, 38. Details of a conver-
sation between Franklin and, 43. Pre-
sents the petition to the King, 47.
Petition for the removal of Hutchinson
and Oliver presented by, 100.

Dead Bodies, of infection retained in,
after sepulture, VI. 433.
DEANE, SILAS, is appointed agent of
the United States in France, and after-
wards a commissioner, VIII. 190.
Commended by Franklin, 255. Is in-
structed to communicate with Dr.
Bancroft, 266. Proceedings of Con-
gress in reference to, 283. Allusion
to the charge affecting his integrity,
399. His dissatisfaction and objec-
tionable conduct, IX. 177.

Death, observations on, VII. 113.
DE BERDT, is recognised as agent of
Massachusetts, IV. 504.

DEBORRE, Major, VIII. 391.

Debt, catechism relative to the British
National, V. 120.

Declamation, importance of studying
the art of public, VII. 55.
Dedications, uselessness of, IX. 232.
Delaware Counties, Secretary Logan's
letter on the proprietary right to the
government of the three, III. 573.
Delaware Indians, anxiety of the Gor
ernor of Pennsylvania to involve the
province in war with the, III. 471.
Delaware River, respecting fortifications
on the, VII. 28. Lottery for the pur-
pose of erecting them, 32.
DELFINO, Chevalier, communicates to
Franklin his election as a member of
the Academy of Arts and Sciences in
Padua, IX. 197.

DE LOR, repeats the electrical experi-
ments of Franklin, V. 176.
Denmark, use of stoves in, VI 53.
Seizure of American prizes in Nor
way, by officers of, VIII. 407, 425,
433. Explanation of it, 462.
Her
capture of American vessels referred
to, IX. 171. Courtesy of the King
to Franklin, 286. Of a treaty of com-
merce between the United States and,
487, 510. Her seizure of American
vessels, 511. Of a treaty with, 529,
537. Progress of the treaty, X. 29.
DENNY, WILLIAM, Governor of Penn.
sylvania, his conversations with Frank
lin, 1. 214. Is well received, III. 506.
Continues the system of his predeces-
sor, 507. Declares his inability to
recede from the proprietary instruc
tions, 517. Asks a conference with
the Assembly relative to a bill for sup-
plies, 518. His objections, 519. Re-
jects the bill, 524. Induces the As-

sembly to pass a bill, waving their
objections to the proprietary instruc-
tions, 527. Remarks on his adminis-
tration, IV. 102. His misunderstand-
ing with the Proprietors, VII. 171.
DESAGULIERS, his experiment, proving
that no pernicious vapors arise from
hot iron, VI. 57.

DE SAUSSURE, on the attraction of
mountains, VI. 371; X. 274.
DEUX-PONTS, Prince de, applies to
Franklin relative to commercial rela-
tions between Bavaria and the United
States, IX. 526.

Dialogue between Franklin and the
Gout, II. 194. Between X. Y. and Z.,
concerning the present state of affairs
in Pennsylvania, object with which it
was written, III. 84. Between France,
Spain, Holland, Saxony, and America,
V. 116.

Diamond Necklace, affair of the, X. 231.
Diary, Franklin's, extracts from, 1.579.
DICKINSON, JOHN, Preface to the Speech
of Joseph Galloway in reply to, IV.
101. His "Farmer's Letters" quoted,
251. Extract from one of his speeches
in reference to Franklin, VII. 268.
Dictionary, Spanish and Arabic, pub-
lished by the Royal Academy of His-
tory of Madrid, X. 309. Need of a
commercial, 352.

DIGBY, Admiral, communicates to
Washington the opening of negotia-
tions for peace, IX. 380.
DIGGES, T., his interview with Mr.
Adams, on the subject of negotiations
for peace, IX. 186. Nature of his
mission, 191. His embezzlement of
money designed to relieve American
prisoners, IX. 15, 341.

Discoveries, importance and extent of
modern, II. 73.

Diseases, effect of cold air in, VI. 386.
Disputation, advantage of modesty in,
VI. 325.

Dissenters, respecting the charge of per-
secution brought against the Ameri-
can, II. 113. Benefits likely to result
to the, from a change of the proprie-
tary government of Pennsylvania to
a royal one, IV. 83. Their rights in
Massachusetts and New Hampshire,

88.

Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity,
Pleasure and Pain, Franklin's, alluded
to, I. 57: VIII. 405.

Divine Goodness, on confidence in the,
VII. 261. Acknowledgment of the,
297.

Divining rod, Chief Justice Oliver's
account of its properties, quoted, II.

41.

DODD, WILLIAM, VIII. 199.

Dolls, playful remark on, VIII. 374.
DOMIEN, account of, V. 348.
Dove, his success in conducting the
English School in Philadelphia, II.
143.

Dreams, art of procuring pleas int,
II. 172.

Drinking, remarks on, addressed to
Abbé Morellet, II. 222. The same
translated, 225.

DUBOURG, BARBEU, his Translation of
Franklin's writings on electricity,
noticed, V. 180. His parallel be-
tween the theories of Nollet and
Franklin, 514 His translation no-
ticed, VI. 408. His edition of Frank-
lin's writings mentioned. VIII. 117.
Duelling, remarks on, X. 107.
Du FAYE, his vitreous and resinous
electricity identical with the positive
and negative states, observed by
Franklin, V. 177.

DUMAS, CHARLES W. F, account of,
VIII. 162. Franklin's opinion of
some of his writings, 163. Instructed
to ascertain whether the European
courts are disposed to aid the colo-
nies, 164. Irritation of Sir George
Grand with, 448. His difficulties
with the Spanish ambassador, 452
Respecting his appointment and ser-
vices, 498.

Dungannon Resolutions mentioned, X.
20.

Dunkers, their religious opinions, I.
155.

DUNLAP, WILLIAM, mentioned, VII.
169.

DUNNING, JOHN, appears as counsel for
Massachusetts before the Privy Coun-
cil, VIII. 110.

DUPONT, his Table Economique men-
tioned, VIII. 405.

DURAND, alluded to, VII. 357.
DURIVAL, explains the advance of a
million of livres by France in 1777,
X. 269.

Dutch Church, at New York, effect of
lightning on the, V. 277.

Duties on Exports, impolicy of, IX. 38.
Duties on Imports, Abbé Morellet ob-
jects to, X. 315. Why levied in the
United States, 346.

E.

Eagle, Bald, a bad representative of
the United States, X. 63.
Earth, the, when dry, a non-conductor
of the electric fluid, V. 208. Strikes
into the clouds in thunder-storms.
And not the clouds into the, 305.
Will dissolve or mix with air, VI. 12.
On the advantages of the different

strata of the, 212. Cooling of its sur-
face by evaporation, 216. Suggestion
of Franklin as to its conformation, 443.
Its magnetic character, 445.
Que-
ries on the theory of the, 575.
Earthquakes, opinion of the learned
as to the cause of, VI. 1. That the
cause of, is the same with that of
thunder and lightning, 3. Dr Wood-
ward's theory of, 4. Mode of making
artificial, 8. Various kinds of, 9. Of
one in Sicily, 10. In Jamaica, 11.
East, mode in which the trade of the,
was once carried on, IV. 30.
East India Company, its pecuniary dif-
ficulties, VIII. 24, 29. Its distress,
33, 34.

Easton, account of a conference with
the Indians at, VII. 125.

Economical Project for employing sun-
shine instead of candles, in the city
of Paris, II. 227.

Economy in expenditure, importance
of, VII. 346.

Economy of Life, Essays on the, II. 1.
Ecton, birthplace of Franklin's father,
his visit to, VII. 178.

Edict by the King of Prussia, ironical,
IV 399. Again, VIII. 90, 91
Edict of Nantz, effect of the revoca-
tion of the, IV. 33.

Edinburgh Courant, passages from the,
relating to emigration, examined, IV.
459.

Education, its value in promoting the
strength and virtue of a community,
VII. 48. Remarks on Dr. Sinith's
Scheme of, 65.

EDWARDS, DAVID, his death, VII.
203.

EDWARDS, JONATHAN, his Thoughts
concerning the Revival of Religion in
New England, referred to, VII. 9.
Elective Franchises, enjoyed by the small
Boroughs in England, referred to,
II. 489.

Electrical Battery, Franklin's construc-
tion of an, V. 202.

Electrical Jars, on the mode of coating,
V. 299.

Electrical Machine, simple and conven-
ient form of an, V. 188. On that
of Mr. Nairn, and its effect on the
eyes of animals killed by it, 479.
Electricity, general account of the
early discoveries of Franklin in, V.
173. Of its identity with lightning,
174. Of ascending thunder, 178.
Explanation of positive and negative,
185. Of the electrical kiss, 187. Of
the Leyden bottle, 196. Qualities of
glass in reference to, 200. Of the
Magical Picture, 203. Explanation
of the causes of thunder-gusts, 211.

Mode of firing gunpowder by, 225
Opinions and conjectures concerning
the properties of the electrical matter,
227. Pernicious effects of the elec-
trical fluid, 228. Suggestions respect-
ing the electrical atmosphere, 230.
Similarity of its effects and those of
lightning, 237. Its power in fusing
metals, 238. Accident occurring dur-
ing an experiment in, 255. Unlimit
ed nature of the force of, 258. Air
a non-conductor of, 261. Experiment
to discover more of the qualities of
262. Its effect in producing mag-
netic virtue, 263. Its presence in the
clouds, 279. Suggestion of a regior
of electric fire above our atmosphere,
284. Experiment in, at Marly, 289.
Direction of the fluid, and utility of
rods, 311. Proposed experiment to
measure the velocity of, 316. Some
experiments in, 330. Turkey killed
by, and its effect upon the operator,
346. Points in which it agrees with
lightning, 350. Its effect in cases of
paralysis, 359. Of the tourmalin, 363.
Reason for believing that the air has
its portion of the common stock of,
369. How its density at different
heights may be ascertained, 370. Long
retained by the Leyden bottle, 380.
That heat is produced by, 389. Of
the fogs in Ireland, 409. Various
qualities of, 414. Analogy between
imagnetism and, 450. Apparent pro-
duction of magnetism by, accidental,
451. Of a mode of rendering meat
tender by, 456. Mode of killing ani-
mals by, 457. Effect of a shock of,
on Franklin, 481. Effect of a vacu
um on the passage of. VI. 413.
Electrics contain the greatest quantity
of the fluid, and attract and retain it
longest, V. 242. Difference between,
and non-electrics, 259.
Elements of Criticism, Lord Kames's.
noticed, VI. 263. Again, VII. 241.
Elephants, conjecture as to whether
they are natives of America, VI. 275,
Description of some bones of, 276
ELIOT, JARED, notice of, VI. 79. His
tracts on husbandry referred to. VI.
113. Again, VII. 51. Franklin's
opinion of them, 56.
ELIZABETH, Queen,
government, II. 283.
ing libel, 288

character of her
Act of, respect

ELPHINSTON, JOHN, his translation of
the Latin verse, applied by Turgot to
Franklin, VIII. 539.

Emblematical Representation of the
state of Great Britain and her colo-
nies, IV. 456. Alluded to, VII. 313.
EMBSER, Professor, his account of