HORRIBLE BIGOTRY OF THE TIMES.

29

c. I.

His ob

ject to

and being from time to time deluded by the natives, he P'T. 1. pursued these shadows, which ever fled as he approach- P'D. I. ed. He went north, crossed the Alleghany mountains, then marched southerly to Mobile, where he fought a bloody battle with the people of a walled city. At Pensacola he met ships from Cuba, with supplies for his exhausted army; and too proud to be wise, he continued to pursue a shadow, rather than retrace a false step.

find gold.

April 25,

1541.

He dis

the Mis

6. The hope of the precious metals still lured him on, and he now bent his course to the north-west, and in latitude 34° he discovered the Mississippi. He continued west until he reached the Wachita, when, becoming dispirited, he turned his course; descending that covers stream to its junction with the Red river. Thence he sissippi went down its current; and where the Red mingles its waters with the Mississippi, he died. His body was May 21, 1542. inclosed in a hollow oak, and committed to the broad He dies. stream. The officer who succeeded him in command, lost no time, in conducting the poor remains of the army, down the Mississippi, and thence to Cuba.

Melen

from

Spain.

7. When the news reached Spain, that Florida had been colonized by French Huguenots, the cruel mo- dez sent narch, Philip II., gave to Pedro Melendez de Aviles a commission, to take possession of that country, and to destroy the heretics. Five hundred persons accompanied Melendez, who were men with families, soldiers, mechanics and priests. Coming upon the coast south of the French settlement, he discovered the harbor of Sept. 8, St. Augustine on the day of that saint, and here he laid 1565. the foundation of the city of ST. AUGUSTINE, the oldest founds by more than forty years, of any within the limits of St. Auour republic.

8. The French had received from Melendez the terrible notice, that he had come to destroy every person

5. His route and return to the coast ?-6. His second route and great discovery? Where did he die? How was his body disposed of? What became of his army?-7. What king sent to destroy the French colony? Whom did he send? What description of persons, and how many accompanied him? What is there remarkable about the city which he founded?-8. What notice did he give the French?

He

gustine.

30

stroys

FIRST PERMANENT SETTLEMENT.

P'T. I. who was not a catholic. Ribault, supposing that the P'D. I. Spaniards would attack by sea, embarked to meet them. CH. III. A tremendous storm shipwrecked his whole fleet. The Sept. 21, Spaniards, meantime, crossed the forest and attacked by He de- land. Unprepared and surprised, the defenseless fort Fort soon surrendered, when all, without distinction of age and 900 or sex, were murdered. The shipwrecked mariners Hugue were afterwards found, feeble and exhausted, upon the shore. Melendez invited them to come to him, and trust to his compassion. They came, and he slew them.

Carolina

nots.

9. When the news of this massacre of nine hundred French subjects reached the French king, Charles IX., he took no notice of it, for so bigoted was he, that he Aug. 2, wished the entire destruction of the Huguenots. Yet 1568. so deep was the feeling among the people of France, kills 200 that three years afterwards, individuals headed by the Span gallant chevalier Gouges, made a descent on the settlement of Florida, and put to death two hundred Spaniards. The Spanish colony was thus checked, but it colony was not destroyed; and it proved to be the first permathe U. S. nent settlement, made by Europeans upon the shores of our republic.

iards.

First

within

8. Where was Ribault when Melendez attacked the French fort? How did he treat the people in the fort? How the shipwrecked?- 9. Who took vengeance on the Spaniards? În what manner? Was the Spanish colony destroyed? What has

it proved to be?

ΤΟ

LANDING OF THE PILGRIMS 1620. AT NEW PLYMOUTH.

1620.{

CHAPTER I.

Unsuccessful attempts of Gilbert, Raleigh, and others

1578.

1. QUEEN ELIZABETH, the reigning sovereign of PT I. England, gave to Sir Humphrey Gilbert, in 1578, by an P'D. II. open or patent letter, "all such remote, heathen, and CH. 1. barbarous lands," as he should discover in North America, and of which he should take possession; these lands not having been occupied before, by any Gilbert's other Christian power. She vested in him and his patent. heirs the right of property, and guaranteed that all, who should settle there, should enjoy the privileges of free citizens and natives of England. The patentee was to acknowledge the authority of the sovereign of England, and pay one-fifth of all the gold and silver obtained.

CHAPTER I.-1. From whom did Sir Humphrey Gilbert receive his patent? What lands did it give him? What rights vest in him and his heirs? What guarantee to those who should settle the country? What enjoin upon the person who received the

patent?