CHA P. II. The Range from Botany Bay to Trinity Bay; with a farther T day-break, on Sunday the 6th of May 1770, we set A Tada borak, on May fail from Botany Bay, with a light breeze at N.W. which foon after coming to the southward, we steered along the shore N. N. E.; and at noon, our latitude, by observation, was 33° 50 S. At this time we were between two and three miles distant from the land, and a-breast of a bay, or harbour, in which there appeared to be good anchorage, and which I called PORT JACKSON. This harbour lies three leagues to the northward of Botany Bay: the variation, by feveral azimuths, appeared to be 8° E. At fun-fet, the northermost land in fight bore N. 26 E. and some broken land, that seemed to form a bay, bore N. 40 W. diftant four leagues. This bay, which lies in latitude 33° 42', I called BROKEN BAY. We fteered along the shore N. N. E. all night, at the distance of about three leagues from the land, having from thirty two to thirty-fix fathom water, with a hard fandy bottom. Sunday 6. Soon after fun-rife on the 7th, I took several azimuths, Monday 7′′ with four needles belonging to the azimuth compass, the mean refult of which gave the variation 7° 56′ E. At noon, our latitude, by observation, was 33° 22′ S.: we were about three leagues from the shore; the northermost land in fight bore N. 19 E. and fome lands which projected in three bluff points, and which, for that reason, I called CAPE THREE POINTS,, 1770 May. Monday 7. Tuesday 8 Thursday 10. POINTS, bore S. W. diftant five leagues. Our longitude from The wind continuing northerly, till the morning of the Icth, we continued to ftand in and off the fhore, with very little change of fituation in other refpects; but a gale then springing up at S. W. we made the best of our way along the fhore to the northward. At fun-rife, our latitude was 33° 2 ́S. and the variation 8o E. At nine in the forenoon, we passed a remarkable hill, which stood a little way inland, and somewhat resembled the crown of a hat: and at noon, our latitude, by obfervation, was 32° 53'S. and our longitude 208° W. We were about two leagues diftant from the land, which extended from N. 41 E. to S. 41 W., and a small round rock, or island, which lay clofe under the land, bore S. 82 W. diftant between three and four leagues. At four in the afternoon, we paffed, at the distance of about a mile, a low rocky point, which I called POINT STEPHENS, on the north fide of which is an inlet, which I called PORT STEPHENS: this inlet appeared to me, from the maft head, to be sheltered from all winds. It lies in latitude 32° 40', longitude 207° 51′, and at the entrance are three small islands, two of which are high; and on the main near the shore are some high round hills, which at a distance appear like islands. In paffing 1770. May. Thursday 10. paffing this bay, at the distance of two or three miles from the shore, our foundings were from thirty-three to twentyseven fathom, from which I conjectured that there must be a fufficient depth of water within it. At a little distance within land, we saw smoke in several places; and at half an hour past five, the northermoft land in fight bore N. 36 E. and Point Stephens S. W. diftant four leagues. Our foundings in the night, were from forty-eight to fixty-two fathom, at the distance of between three and four leagues from the fhore, which made in two hillocks. This Point I called CAPE HAWKE: it lies in the latitude of 32° 14′ S., longitude 207° 30′ W.; and at four o'clock in the morning bore W. Friday 11. distant about eight miles; at the fame time the northermost land in fight bore N. 6 E. and appeared like an island. At noon, this land bore N. 8 E. the northermoft land in fight N. 13 E. and Cape Hawke S. 37 W. Our latitude, by obfervation, was 32° 2 ́S. which was twelve miles to the fouthward of that given by the log; fo that probably we had a current setting that way: by the morning amplitude and azimuth, the variation was 9° 10' E. During our run along the shore, in the afternoon, we saw smoke in several places, at a little distance from the beach, and one upon the a hill, which was the firft we had seen upon elevated ground fince our arrival upon the coaft. At fun-fet, we had twentythree fathom, at the distance of a league and an half from the fhore: the northermoft land then bore N. 13 E. and three hills, remarkably large and high, lying contiguous to each other, and not far from the beach, N. N. W. As these hills bore fome resemblance to each other, we called them the THREE BROTHERS. They lie in latitude 31° 40', and may be feen fourteen or fixteen leagues. We fteered N. E. by N. all night, having from twenty-feven to fixty-feven fathom, at the distance of between two and fix leagues from the shore. top of At 1770. May. Sunday 13. At day-break, we fteered north, for the northermost land in fight. At noon, we were four leagues from the shore, Saturday 12. and by obfervation, in latitude 31° 18′ S., which was fifteen miles to the fouthward of that given by the log; our longitude 206° 58′ W. In the afternoon, we stood in for the land, where we saw smoke in feveral places, till fix in the evening, when, being within three or four miles of it, and in twenty-four fathom of water, we ftood off with a fresh breeze at N. and N. N. W. till midnight, when we had 118 fathom, at the distance of eight leagues from the land, and then tacked. At three in the morning, the wind veered to the westward, when we tacked and flood to the northward. At noon, our latitude, by observation, was 30° 43′ S., and our longitude 2c6° 45′ W. At this time we were between three and four leagues from the fhore, the northermoft part of which bore from us N. 13 W. and a point, or head land, on which we saw fires that produced a great quantity of fmoke, bore W. diftant four leagues. To this Point I gave the name of SMOKEY CAPE: it is of a confiderable height, and over the pitch of the Point is a round hillock; within it are two others, much higher and larger, and within them the land is very low. Our latitude was 30° 31' S., longitude 206° 54′ W.: this day the observed latitude was only five miles fouth of the log. We faw fmoke in feveral parts along the coaft, befides that feen upon Smokey Cape. Monday 14. In the afternoon, the wind being at N. E. we flood off and on, and at three or four miles diftance from the fhore had thirty fathom water: the wind afterwards coming cross off land, we flood to the northward, having from thirty to twenty-one fathom, at the distance of four or five miles from the fhore. At five in the morning, the wind veered to the north, and blew fresh, attended with fqualls: at eight, it began to thun der and rain, and in about an hour it fell calm, which gave us an opportunity to found, and we had eighty-fix fathom at between four and five leagues from the fhore: foon after this we had a gale from the fouthward, with which we fteered N. by W. for the northermoft land in fight. At noon, we were about four leagues from the fhore, and by obfervation, in latitude 30° 22, which was nine miles to the fouthward of our rockoning, longitude 206° 39′ W. Some lands near the shore, of a confiderable height, bore W. 1770. May. Monday 14. As we advanced to the northward, from Botany Bay, the land gradually increased in height, fo that in this latitude it may be called a hilly country. Between this latitude and the Bay, it exhibits a pleasing variety of ridges, hills, vallies, and plains, all clothed with wood, of the fame appearance with that which has been particularly described: the land near the shore is in general low and fandy, except the points, which are rocky, and over many of them are high hills, which, at their first rising out of the water, have the appearance of islands. In the afternoon, we had fome fmall rocky islands between us and the land, the fouthermoft of which lies in latitude 30° 10′, and the northermoft in 29° 58′, and fomewhat more than two leagues from the land: about two miles without the northermoft ifland we had thirty-three fathom water. Having the advantage of a moon, we steered along the shore all night, in the direction of N. and N. by E. keeping at the distance of about three leagues from the land, and having from twenty to twenty-five fathom water. foon as it was light, having a fresh gale, we made all the fail we could, and at nine o'clock in the morning, being Tuesday 15. about a league from the fhore, we difcovered smoke in many places, and having recourfe to our glaffes, we faw about twenty of the natives, who had each a large bundle O 2 As upon |