T To the Authors of the Oxford Magazine. GENTLEMEN, "Sir HE curfory sketch of the trial of Samuel Gillam, efq; equally true, judicious, and impartial. In order to strengthen and confirm the following paffage,Richard Afton, fo eminent for his ABILITIES, and fo DISTINGUISHED for his HUMANITY,”- I will foon give you the teftimony of Sir Fletcher Norton himself to his ABILITIES; and that of Mr. Bingley to his HUMANITY: which fhall be still farther enforced by the opinion of the IRISH on both thefe heads. In regard to the hon. Mr. Juftice Gould, and the lord chief baron Parker, every one, I am fure, will agree with me, that the compliments paid to them need no teftimony. The impartiality of this curfory fketch of the trial appears most glaringly from the following SHORT account of the evidence given by THREE witnesses, Mr. Allen, Mr. Derbyshire, and Mr. Flower, whofe examination and cross examination, took up a confiderable part of the trial: "One or two of the witneffes put the most unfavourable conftruction on his conduct; and declared that, to the beft of their judgements, there was no abfolute neceffity for firing." Concifenefs is a great beauty in writing; a fortiori omiffion is a greater. The truth of this curfory sketch appears from the above extract; notwithstanding what fome perfons pretend, that the evidence of the THREE witneffes omitted was very long, ample, and clear; that they allowed not only no abfolute neceffity; but no neceffity at all: that two of them fwore to a declaration of having received orders from the miniftry to fire, before they came there: with many et ceteras, which fhall furely be laid before the public in proper time. The judgment of the writer of this fketch appears from the whole of it: for, by his manner of relating this trial, he has not only fecured himself from any prosecution from the attorney-general, or others of the crown lawyers; but has likewife, perhaps, infured himself a reward either from the secretary at war, who returned thanks to the officers and foldiers for their alertnefs in St. George's Fields; or from that judge who, to compleat the matter, returned thanks to the magiftrate who authorised and directed the foldiers in that firing, which one of the witneffes faid, "the Joldiers feemed to ENJOY." In order to fatisfy the public, (who do not always give their verdict with a jury) I could wish the furgeons who dreffed Mr. Gillam's wound, if he had any, and the wounds of all the foldiers, conftables, and others who were hurt by this most daring and dangerous mob; I could wish, I fay, that the furgeons would give an account of fuch wounds to the public; that we likewife may judge of that "almoft, laft, abfolute, neceffity for firing." Mr. Ephraim Suds, my neighbour, (a coarse man, it is true, who often talks of things being flippy and flidy) firft gave me an idea from the Bench at his door-of an almoft, laft, abfolute, necefity:" by which I learn that the doctrine of neceffities is, like that of infinites and infinitefimals, not very intelligible indeed to men of plain common understanding, but clearly understood by a man "so eminent for his abilities.” For For my own part, I think that the dignity of magiltrates cannot be too rigorously maintained, and efpecially the dignity of fuch magiftrates as the juftices of the peace for Westminster, the Borough, &c. &c. &c. And I think that eighteen perfons killed, and above fixty wounded, is but a flight fatisfaction for a ftone thrown by any one of an inconfiderate mob at a magiftrate. I have been told too that another of the justices was pelted in St. George's Fields; and as a proof of it, he produced to his neighbours the ftone which his wife found lodged in the bush of his wig, when he took it from his head at night, in order to lay it by for the next occafion of magiftracy. B. C. To the Editors of the Oxford Magazine. GENTLEMEN, Defirous of convincing your readers that one, at leaft, of your fellow ftudents will occafionally affift in the arduous task you have undertaken, the following remarks are fubmitted to your perufal; and, if they fhould be fortunate enough to meet with your approbation, you will confer a favour on the author, by inserting them in your Magazine. Your's, &c. E VERY reader of history muft be convinced, that it is often very difficult to discover the real truth of a fact, from its being differently related by different authors. A very remarkable inftance of this Occurs in the feveral accounts published of the death of the famous general Cavendish, who loft his life in an engagement with a party of the parliament's forces, commanded by Cromwell. Heath, in his Chronicle, tells the ftory in the following manner :"Some of lord Willoughby's forces at Gainsborough, had furprized the earl of Kingston, father to the marquis of Dorchefter, and brought him thither; whence, for the better fecurity of his perfon, which was of great concernment to the king's affairs thereabout, they refolved to fend him to Hull. In the way thither, colonel Cavendish, brother to the earl of Devonshire, with a party, purfued the pinnace to a fhallow which it could not pafs, and demanded her and the earl's furrender, which being refufed, a drake was difcharged, which unhappily killed the faid earl and one of his fervants, A. B. being placed on purpofe on the deck to deter the Royalifts from fhooting; whereupon they prefently ftruck fail and yielded, but, with a juft revenge, were all facrificed to the ghoft of that moft loyal and noble peer. Notice of this party and their defign being given to the garrison, a fufficient number, under colonel White, a Lincolnshire gentleman, were haftened to relieve the boat, or recover it if taken; who accordingly encountered with the Royalifts, and being too many for them, this valiant perfonage was forced to take the Trent with his horfe, which fwam him fafe to the other fide, but there ftuck in the ooze and mud; and as foon as the colonel had got afhore off his horfe's back, the enemy was come round by the ford, and feeing him defperately wounded, offered him quarters, which he magnanimoufly refufing, and throwing his blood he fcraped off his face among them, was killed outright upon the place.' Lloyd tells the ftory nearly in the fame manner, but heightened a little by his declamatory method of delivering himself upon all occafions. The dutchefs of Newcastle has given Account of the Death of the famous General Cavendish. given us a very fuccinct account of this unfortunate accident, in her life of the duke of Newcastle. "The forces," fays her grace, "which my lord had in the county of Lincoln, commanded by the then lieutenant-general of the horfe, Mr. Charles Cavendish, fecond brother to the then earl of Devonthire, though they had timely notice from my lord to make their retreat to the lieutenantgeneral of the army, and not to fight the enemy, yet the faid lieutenantgeneral of horse, being transported by his courage, (he being a perfon of great valour and conduct) and having charged the enemy, unfortunately loft the field, and himself was flain in the charge, his horfe lighting in a bog. Which news being brought to my lord when he was on his march, he made all the hafte he could, and was no fooner joined with his lieutenant-general, but he fell upon the enemy and put them to flight." Pomfret, in his life of the countess of Devonshire, affures us, that this brave young gentleman was murdered in cold blood by colonel Bury, who rendered himfelf dear to Cromwell by this and fome other acts of cruelty. After all, Cromwell's own letter (preferved in Rushworth's collections) to the committee of the affociated counties of Cambridge and Hunt ingdon, dated from Huntingdon, July 31, 1643, to which place he had been driven by Newcastle, gives the fulleft account of this matter, and deferves the more credit, as it was written by an eye witness. After having related the manner in which he collected a body of 31 troops for the relief of Gainsborough, his arrival there, and beating the van-guard of this body of horse, he proceeds in the following manner: "I perceive," fays he, "this body, which was the referve, standing still unbroken, kept back my major Whaley from the chace, and with my own troop, and the other of my regiment, in all being three troops, we got into a body: in this reserve stood general Cavendish, who one while faced me, another while faced four of the Lincoln troops, which was all of ours that flood upon the place, the reft being engaged in the chace. At laft, general Cavendish charged the Lincolneers, and routed them; immediately I fell on his rear with my three troops, which did so astonish him, that he gave over the chase, and would fain have delivered himself from me; but I preffing on, forced them down a hill, having good execution of them; and below the hill drove the general, with some of his foldiers, into a quagmire, where my captain-lieutenant flew him with a thrust under his short ribs, the rest of the body was wholly routed, not one man ftaying upon the place." Such are the different accounts given of the death of this brave but unfortunate commander; the reader muft himself judge which of them he will chufe to credit; but I cannot help obferving, that the particularmentioned by Heath, of his swimming across the Trent, does not seem at all credible, as Cromwell would certainly have mentioned fo remarkable an action, had it ever been performed. REMARKABLE REMARKABLE ADVERTISEMENTS, &c. A Young lady of an agreeable difpofition GENTLEMEN, TH HE death of Mr. Cook having now made a vacancy for this county, at the defire of no one friend, without one inch of property in it, or perfonal acquaintance with any of you, I beg leave to offer my services to reprefent you in parliament. The public part I have taken in fome important riots, without refpecting the liberties and conftitution of this country, has, I hope, met with your approbation. I can only promise a continuance of the fame licentioufnels, for the true intereft of this nation and its excellent fovereign, toge ther with the moft fteady contempt of the law and government, if I have the honour to reprefent you. The choice you lately made of the illuftrious John Wilkes, Efq; for your reprefentative, greatly encourages me in foliciting your votes, not doubting but a fimilarity of circumftances will engage the independent electors of this patriotic county in a fimilarity of choice at the approaching election; at which time I beg to be honoured with your commands on any points of importance you may judge proper to be fubmitted to the great council of the nation, left my worthy colleague fhould not fo foon be returned from his feat in St. George's Fields, to that much honoured one in St. Stephen's Chapel. I am, with great deference and regard, Gentlemen, your moft faithful and most humble fervant, Newgate, LAIRY COSTOLLO. July 5. A was to fwear she was a maid, before receiving A Young woman labouring under the fe vereft diftrefs, humbly offers her case to the beneficent. It was her misfortune to be fervant in a family at the west-end of the. town, where an othcer (and who is befides a man of great fortune) was a frequent vifiter, and who feized an opportunity, and effected what art had failed in, and communicated to her the moft terrible of all difeafes. As the had no relation in town, her fituation, together with threats and promifes, prevailed on And although he her to conceal her fhame. was fenfible of fome confequences from it, caufe till her whole body was covered with it; her inexperience prevented her gueffing the and it being vifible to every beholder, fome applied to the perfon who had thus injured one acquainted her with their fufpicions. She her, and he paid a furgeon for her cure and maintenance for the time, and left her under three weeks, and paid her only five fhillings a his care. The furgeon attended her two or week for her fupport; and having in that time her she was cured, and the again went to ferftruck in the outward appearances, flattered vice, but was obliged to quit it in two months, as the disease broke out again with double viru lence. Her undoer, whether impofed upon by the furgeon, or from his own principle, to feveral hofpitals, and all the furgeons who refufes longer to affift her. She has applied attend them, declare that the medicine fhe took from the firft furgeon has fo confirmed the difeafe, and reduced her fo low, that she can not survive under the mode of cure ufed at the hofpitals and infirmaries. She has almost lost her fight, and, unless immediately relieved, muft inevitably perish, as well from the malignity of the disease as real want. of the greatest eminence in these cafes, near A furgeon the Horfe-Guards, Weftminster, has underbut as the medicines will be rare and coftly, taken to cure her in three or four months; he cannot do it under ten guineas; and for that fum, and the trifling fupport neceffary affiftance of the humane and charitable. Any during the cure, fhe humbly implores the perfon defirous of knowing her character, and the truth of this, may be fatisfied by applying to Mr. Clufter, Cheefemonger, &c. where the fmallest donations will be thankfully received and duly acknowledged. Gazetteer, Saturday, July 8. LAST 1 A Series of Letters on English Grammar. L A Young woman of about twenty-five years Public Advertiser, July 9. A Gentlewoman who has a friend lately 33 Ferry, Weftminster; and in three days at fur- In the Public Advertiser, July 11, is the T HE reason why Samuel Gillam, Efq; is The following juft, though fevere, Sarcasm appeared in the jame Paper. AN English gentleman afk'd the Chevalier To young and accomplished women. Any married, and thereby entitled to 4000l. has it in her power to affilt a single gentleman, in a matter exactly of the fame kind, if he can, through any means, raise or lend her about 1501. or 2001. for fix months: the fecurity is quite unexceptionable, and every thing as clear as poffible, and the fuccefs almoft certain. A Gentleman of fortune in Berkshire, who Trifling or curious perfons are defired not to 2. kept three maid-fervants, was married to one of them on Friday laft; and on Saturday his two fons followed his example, by marrying the other two. Public Advertifer, July 14. To the Editors of the Oxford Magazine. GENTLEMEN,.. I beg leave to fignify my approbation of your new undertaking, and my wish Τ A Series of Letters on English Grammar. Letter I. you would The young gentlemen, who are admitted as members, are intended either for the pulpit, the bar, or the fenate. One wield imagine that their inftruction wa directed fo as to make E then |