Beasts were slain upon the Jewish altars. You must alter my coat to make it fit. A ball hit John on his head and made him bawl. He is a base man, who betrays his country. It is two miles from the base to the top of the mountain. Low-toned voices are best for singing bass. I will break my way through the tangled brake. A man stood by the store, ready to buy the goods. Some sellers of oysters and other provisions occupy cellars. His cousin tried to cozen him. The flesh of deer is sometimes very dear. The grass is often covered with dew. Try to pay all that is justly due. Francis put on his hat and Frances her bonnet. He marched through the gate in a proud gait. He who is conscious of guilt cannot be happy. Great quantities of coal are burnt in grates. Hail stones are sometimes so large as to break in windows. He was hale and cheerful at an advanced age. He shot a hart through the heart. That religion which consists in the mere observance of rites is but hypocrisy, although it may seem right in the sight of men. The wheelwright has a right to write what he pleases. The wound on his heel was hard to heal. The rose has a beautiful hue. Hugh will hew the timber. Scholars often request their teacher to lessen their lesson. The horse and the lion wear long manes. He moans his unhappy fate. Hay is grass mown and dried. The ore was carried o'er the river in a boat propelled by an oar. A knife is better than a pair of scissors to pare a pear with. Carpenters plane boards to make them plain. Skittish horses sometimes sheer out of the road and overturn carriages. Many suffer more from sheer idleness than from misfortune. A thief attempted to steal a blacksmith's steel. The farmer cuts off the suckers from his trees to promote their growth. The beautiful vale of Tempe is between Mount Olympus and Mount Ossa. APPENDIX. PROSODY. Prosody teaches the true pronunciation of words, comprising Accer Quantity, Emphasis, Pause, and Tone, and it also teaches the laws cf versification. ACCENT. Accent is the laying of a peculiar stress of the voice on a certain letter or syllable in a word, as in the word compose the accent is on the second syllable. QUANTITY. The quantity of a syllable, is that time which is occupied in pronouncing it. EMPHASIS. By emphasis is meant a stronger and fuller sound of voice, by which we distinguish some word or words on which we design to lay particular stress, and to show how they affect the rest of the sentence. PAUSES. Pauses or rests in speaking and reading, are a total cessation of the voice during a perceptible, and in many cases, a measurable space of time. TONES. Tones consist in the modulation of the voice, and in the variations of sound, which we employ in the expression of our sentiments. VERSIFICATION. Versification is the arrangement of a certain number and variety of sylla bles, according to certain laws. Rhyme is the correspondence of the last sound of one verse, to the last sound or syllable of another; as "In reason's ear they all rejoice, And utter forth a glorious voice." PUNCTUATION. Punctuation is the act or art of dividing a written composition into sen tences, or parts of sentences, by points or stops, for the purpose of marking the different pauses, which the sense and an accurate pronunciation require. THE COMMA. The comma (,) requires the shortest pause. The semicolon ( ; ) requires a pause double that of the comma. VARIOUS CHARACTERS USED IN COMPOSITION. The note of Interrogation, ( ? ) used when a question is asked; as, Has he arrived? The note of Admiration or Exclamation, (!) used to express admiration or surprise; as, What a spectacle! The Apostrophe, (') used when a letter or syllable is omitted, and in the possessive case of the noun; as, 'Tis, for it is. A man's property. The (▲) used when a word or number of words are omitted through mis. take; as, This is house. his A A Hyphen, which is thus marked (-) as, Lap-dog, to-morrow. A Section, marked thus (§ ) is the division of a discourse or chapter into less parts or portions. A Paragraph (¶) denotes the beginning of a new subject, or a sentence not connected with the foregoing. This character is chiefly used in the Old and New Testaments. A Quotation ("") Two inverted commas are generally placed at the beginning of a phrase or a passage which is quoted from the speaker or author in his own words, and two commas in their direct position are placed at the conclusion; as, "The proper study of mankind is man." Crotchets or Brackets [] () serve to enclose a word or a sentence for the purpose of explanation. An Index or Hand () points to some remarkable passage. A Brace } is used in poetry at the end of three lines which have the same rhyme. An Asterisk or Star (*) points to some note in the margin. An Ellipsis (-) is used when some letters or words are omitted; as, k-g for king. An Obelisk, (†) and several other characters, are used to point to some note or reference in the margin, or bottom of the page. CAPITALS. The following words should begin with capitals. 1st. The first word of every book, chapter, letter, paragraph, &c. 2d. The first word after a period, and frequently after a colon, and notes of interrogation and exclamation. 3d. The names of the Deity; as, God, Jehovah, the Supreme Eeing, &c. 4th. Proper names of persons, places, ships, &c. 5th. Adjectives derived from the proper names of places; as, Grean, Roman, English, &c. 6th. The first word of an example and of a quotation in a direc、 forn.; as, Always remember this ancient maxim, "Know thyself." 7th. The first word of every line in poetry. 8th. The pronoun I and the interjection O! 9th. Words of particular importance; as, the Reformation, the Restora tion, the Revolution. ABBREVIATIONS. Single letters, followed by a period, frequently stand for whole worde as in the following: 3333 A. Answer. A. A. S. Academiæ Americanæ Socius. Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. D. D. Doctor Divinitatis. Doctor of d. denarius. A penny. A. B. Artium Baccalaureus. Bache- Dr. Doctor or Debtor. lor of Arts. A. D. Anno Domini. In the year of our Lord. Do. Ditto. The same. Deut. Deuteronomy. e. g. exempli gratia. For the sake Ex. Exodus. Exr. Executor. F. R. S. Fellow of the Royal Society. Gent. Gentlemen. G. R. Georgius Rex. King. Heb. Hebrew. Hon. Honorable. hhd. Hogshead. C. S. Custos Sigilli. Keeper of the Id. idem. The same. seal. Col. Colonel. Co. Company. Cor. Corir:hians. Cwt. Hundred weig ut. i. e. id est. That is. George the J. H. S. Jesus Hominum Salvator. Jesus the Saviour of men. Kt. Knight. L. Liber. A book. £. Libra. Pounds. |