question whether his age of going to Cambridge be not fixed too early; for he did not incept as B.A. till 1510, after keeping eleven terms of actual residence (see next note to this): at all events there is a long period of fifteen years from 1494 to 1510, which is difficult to account for, on the supposition of his having gone to College at fourteen.

Page 437, line 11 from the bottom. "When he proceeded Bachelor of Divinity."] -The earliest Letter we have of Latimer's belongs to this period: it is addressed to the master of his own College, then Vice-Chancellor, to promote the election of Sir Richard Wingfield to be High-Steward of the University in the room of Sir Thomas Lovell, who died May 25th, A.D. 1524. See Parker Soc. Latimer's "Remains," p. 295; whence it is printed among the Documents at the end of this volume, No. II.

The reader is here presented with copies of the official entries relating to Latimer's academical course, in procuring which the Editor has been most kindly aided by the Rev. Joseph Romilly, Registrar of the University of Cambridge.

"Etiam circa festum Purificationis Proxime sequens [Feb. 2, 1510] eligebantur in socios istius collegii Dom. Johannes Powel et Dom. Willelmus Pyndar, in Artibus Baccalaurei; et Dom. Hugo Latimer, Quæstionista." Register of Clare Hall, anno 1509-10.

The Grace Book for the year Michs. 1509-Michs. 1510 has the following entry :

"Conceditur Hugoni Latemer ut xij. termini in quorum quolibet excepto uno ordinaria audiverit, etsi non secundum formam Statuti, sufficiant sibi ad respondendum questioni."

Under the year Michs. 1513-Michs. 1514 occurs the following :—

"Conceditur Domino Latymer ut Lectiones, ordinariæ novem terminorum auditæ cum quatuor responsionibus, quarum una erat in die Cinerum altera in finali determinatione [second Tripos Day] et duæ aliæ in Grammatica quarum altera in die conversacionis altera in scolis publicis, sufficiant sibi ad incipiendum in Artibus, sic ut solvat Universitati 13 sol. iiij d."

There is no grace extant for his B.D. degree, but in the Proctor's Accounts for the year Michs. 1523-Michs. 1524 we find as follows:

Why all these men paid the Proctor nothing, does not appear; but such an entry is not uncommon for various degrees at various times.

N.B. Undergraduates in their last term are called Questionists: when they have been admitted ad Respondendum Quæstioni they are called Determiners: on the second Tripos Day they are complete Bachelors, called in Latin Domisi. The admission ad Respondendum Quæstioni is called the Bachelor's com mencement; and the regular time now is on the Saturday after the first Monday in Lent Term, which always begins on Jan. 13th: this in 1510 would fall on Jan. 19th: but the custom may have been different formerly, so as to allow of Latimer being called a Quæstionist still on Feb. 2d, perhaps till the first Tripos Day, February 14th.

At present there are two subsequent ceremonies; on the first Tripos Day (i.e. the day after Ash Wednesday, or Feb. 14th in 1510) the seniority of the Wranglers and Senior Optimes is reserved: on the second Tripos Day, exactly four weeks after the first, or the Thursday after Midlent Sunday, the Seniority of the Junior Optimes is reserved, and the degree of B.A. is now complete to all who have been admitted ad Respondendum Quæstioni. On the second Tripos Day the final determination is pronounced by the Proctor in these words:Creamus et pronunciamus omnes hujus anni determinatores finaliter determinasse, et actualiter esse in Artibus Baccalaurios."

66

The grace of the B.A. degree is now, 66 . . . . ut duodecim termini completi in quibus ordinarias lectiones audiverit, licet non omnino secundum formam Statuti, sufficiant ei ad Respondendum Quæstioni."

Of these twelve terms only ten are kept now: the entering the name before the first term of residence is allowed to count for one Term; and the examination in a Term after ten Terms of Residence is allowed to count for one Term; but there is a connexion still with twelve Terms: formerly the regular keeping of twelve terms, i.e. of four years, was required.

In the M.A. degree, the Inception cannot take place till nine terms of complete B.A. are ended: the earliest day for bringing forward the grace for an incepting M.A. is the Friday following the second Tripos Day in the third year after final determination; and the day of Admission ad incipiendum in Artibus, is the following Friday.

He becomes a complete M.A. by Creation on the first Tuesday in July, when he is called Magister.

An M.A. is regent till of five years' standing.

Page 437, line 9 from the bottom. "Master Stafford."]-On Stafford, see before, vols. iv. p. 656, v. p. 415: from the note preceding this it would seem that he took his B.D. degree at or about the same time with Latimer.

In the Register of West, Bp. of Ely, at folio 83, an Ordination is recorded as taking place at the Chapel in Ely Palace, Ely, Saturday, March 7th, 1516-17, when among the "Subdiaconi seculares" appears the name of "Georgius Stawert, Dunelmen. dioc. per lit. dim. Aula Pembrochiæ Cant." And from the same Register, fol. 83 b., he appears to have been ordained Deacon three weeks after, at the same place, Saturday, March 28th, 1517, "ad titulum collegii Valenciæ Mariæ Cant. predict."

The following grace for George Stafford's B.D. degree will, perhaps, be acceptable to the reader :

In the year Michs. 1523-Michs. 1524: "Item conceditur Georgio Stavert ut sex anni à suâ regentiâ [i.e. his M. A. degree], cum unâ responsione et duobus sermonibus, altero ad Clerum et altero ad crucem Pauli, sufficiant sibi ad opponendum in theologiâ, sic quod admittatur intra quindenam."

Page 437, last line. "Master Thomas Bilney, of whom mention is made before."]-See vol. iv. pp. 619-656. Bilney appears from the Tunstal (London) Register to have been ordained subdeacon at the priory of Elsing, London, by John, suffragan bishop of Calipolis, on Saturday, March 19th, 1518-19: "Thomas Bylney, Norwicen. dioc. per lit. dim. ad titulum prioratûs sive monasterii Sancti Bartholomæi in Smythfeld London." And from the Register of West, bishop of Ely, folio 87, it appears that he was ordained deacon by bishop West at Dodington, June 18th, 1519. The entry is as follows:

"Thomas Bylney Nor. dioc. sufficienter dimissus, ad titulum prioratûs sancti Bartholomæi in Smythfeld London, in presbyterum [lege diaconum] admissus." And on the same folio, at the ordination on Saturday, 24th September, of the same year, we find: "Dominus Thomas Bylney, Nor. dioc. diaconus, sufficienter dimissus, ad titulum Mon.sive prioratûs Sancti Bartholomæi in Smythfeld, in presbyterum admissus."

And it further appears from the Proctors' Accounts at Cambridge, that he took the B. C. L. degree in 1520-21.

"Recepta a bachalaureis in jure canonico pro ordinariis et pro locatione cathedræ.

“In primis

Bilney appears to have paid nothing otherwise than in the form of a caution for future payment: this appears in an after entry: "Cautio domini bilney in manibus Magistri Medow." The University chest was formerly stocked with Cautions for people who had not money at hand: these cautions were pieces of plate, rings, missals, &c. If the cautions were not redeemed, the goods were sold.

The following entry is from the Register of West, bishop of Ely, fol. 33:— "Item xxiijti die mensis predict. [Julii] Anno Dni. et loco suprascriptis [i.e. A.D. 1525, intra manerium suum de Somersham] dominus concessit licentiam magistro Thomæ Bylney in jure canonico Bacchalaurio ad prædicandum populo sibi commisso per totam dioc. Elien. temporibus et locis congruis, Absque tamen alieni juris præjuditio, ad beneplacitum suum duraturam," &c. In the margin we read: "Revocata fuit hæc Licentia per spiritualem Inhibitionem quia super heretica pravitate accusatus et convictus erat."

66

Page 438, line 16.]-Foxe adds, in 1570 and subsequent Editions, after "others,' ⚫and came also to Master Stafford before he died, and desired him to forgive him."

Page 438, line 20. "Became a public preacher."]-Latimer seems to have possessed a predilection for preaching previous to his conversion, for we find him in the Proctors' Accounts as one of twelve University preachers appointed

in 1522.

Page 438, line 22. "Three years."]-The edition of 1563 reads “2 yeres,” that of 1570" iij yeres,” which all the rest follow. The number “three" is here substituted to render the narrative consistent; for though the first Edition reads "2 years" again at p. 454, yet in an intervening passage, p. 452 (which is not found in the first Edition) "three" is also mentioned. This period of three years seems intended by Foxe to include the space between Latimer's conversion and his appearance before Wolsey (see page 454).

Page 438, line 19 from the bottom.]-Fuller, in his History of Cambridge, places Latimer's Card Sermons in the vice-chancellor's year 1527-8: certainly they must be misplaced by Foxe here, if 1529 be their correct date, for he subsequently mentions his citation before Wolsey, who was in disgrace Christmas 1529, and died in November 1530. Dr. Corrie (Preface to the Parker Society's Latimer's Remains) places the Card Sermons subsequent to the appearance before Wolsey. It is highly probable that Latimer got into trouble through his faithful preaching long before the Card Sermons in 1529; and that Foxe confounded the two occasions, and was thus led to transpose the order of events in his narrative. Becon, in his "Jewel of Joy," published toward the close of 1547, says that he remembered how " before twenty years" he used to attend Latimer's preaching at Cambridge, and how he pleaded for the use of the English Scriptures, and inveighed against the monks and friars, and was persecuted by them. (Parker Soc. Edit. p. 424.) This would correspond with the latter part of 1527: and it is probable that Latimer was summoned before the Cardinal some time the next year: see note on p. 454. Page 438, last line.]—John i. 19, &c. is the Gospel for the Sunday before Christmas Day.

Page 441, line 24 from the bottom. "And in daunger unto God."]-A phrase originally signifying feudal subjection. It is Latinized in the Promptorium Parvulorum by Domigerium, on which word see Adelung, who in his Glossary remarks, "Est enim Danger Gallis potestas," p. 192. The word is used in this sense in the old translation of Bishop Jewel's Apology, pt. 6, chap. 15, § 3, "these men have them fast yoked, and in their danger;" and above, at p. 252. "in danger to God's curse," i.e. subject to; and by Latimer himself again st p. 467, "all the world shall be bounden or in danger to God." So again in Taverner's Postills, edit. Oxford, 1841, we read (p. 393), "Wherfore they whyche so love theyr evel affections... be under the daunger of synne and deserve the stypende thereof." In the Paston Letters (vol. i. p. 94, edit. 1840) we find: "He... hath bought divers books of him, for the which as I suppose he hath put himself in danger to the same Karoll." See also Appendix to vol. viii. note on p. 505.

Page 448, line 3 from the bottom.]-The table of errata to the Edition of 1563 directs us to supply the word "as" before "setting."

Page 449, line 20 from the bottom. "It would ask a long discourse," &c.]From hence to p. 452, line 21, "the Heretics' hill," is much more amplified than in the Edition of 1563: the corresponding passage of that Edition is printed among the Documents at the end of this Appendix, No. II.

Page 449, line 15 from the bottom.]-How Buckenham came to be called in the first Edition "prior of the Ladyfriars" (an appellation which is changed in every subsequent Edition) does not appear; but there certainly was an order of "Fratres de Domina," or 66 Lady Friars," and they had once a house at Cambridge, near the Castle: see Tanner's Notitia Monastica, and the Addenda to this Appendix. They had also a house at Norwich, on the south side of St. Julian's churchyard, with its east end abutting on the street: see Blomfield's Norfolk, vol. ii. p. 547, where we read the following description of them" The Friers of the order of our Lady, called Fratres de Domina, were a sort of Begging Friars, under the rule of St. Austin: they wore a white coat, and a black cloak thereon, with a Black Friar's cowl, and had their beginning about 1288, the order being devised by Philip, who got it confirmed by the pope." The Black Friars, called also Dominican and Preaching Friars, were also under the rule of St. Austin, which will account for Buckenham being called an Augustine monk, p. 438.

We find a subsequent mention of this Buckenham, as "Prior of the Black Friars," in a letter from Thomas Tebold to Cranmer, dated July 15th, 1535, Cotton MSS. Galba B. x. fol 102; of which the following is an extract :

"Within these 16 days I take my journey from Antwerp, the last day of July. And bycause at my fyrst arryvance to Andwarpe I found company ready to go up withal to Coleyne, I went to see my old acquaintance at Lovayne. Where as I found Doctor Bockenam, sometime prior in the Black Friars in Cambridge, and another of his bretherne with him. I had no leisure to commune long with them; but he shewed me, that at his departing from England he went straight to Edinburgh in Scotland, there continuing unto Easter last past; and then came over to Louvain, where he with his companion doth continue in the house of the Blackfriars there, having little acquaintance or comfort but for their money; for they pay for their meat and drink a certain sum of money in the year. Allsoever that I can perceive them to have is only by him which hath taken Tyndale, called Harry Phillips, with whom I had long and familiar communication, for I made him believe that I was minded to tarry and study at Louvain."

In the Document published by Dr. Lamb, referred to p. 451, note (2), it is stated that the vice-chancellor cited before him, January 29th, 1530, "Master Latymer, Masters Bayn, Bryganden, Grenewod, and Mr. Proctor of the blak frears; where "Proctor" is probably a clerical error for " Prior," and refers evidently to Buckenham.

Page 450, middle. "Diffuse "]-i.e. obscure. See note in the Addenda to vol. vi. p. 410.

Page 450, line 8 from the bottom. "Dr. Venetus."]-Dr. Venetus appears from the University Register to have taken his D.D. degree in 1518. He is mentioned in the "Placet," or form of Grace, granted by the Senate, as one of twenty-seven delegates who were to determine on the question of Henry's marriage, in 1529. (Lamb's Collection of CCCC. MSS., p. 20) Latimer was among the twenty-seven; as were also Crome and Thyxtell.

Page 451, line 11 from the bottom. "Dr. Cliffe of Clement's Hostel."]-The Tunstall (London) Register states that "Robert Clyff, legum doctor Coven, et Lich. dioc." was ordained deacon at London on Saturday, February 28th, 1523, "per lit. dim. ad titulum monasterii de Basyngwerke Assaven. dioc." It also appears from the West (Ely) Register, folio 32 b, that Dr. Robert Clyff, Doctor of Laws, was made Commissary General to the Bishop of Ely for the whole diocese in room of Dr. Pellis resigned, June 24th, 1525, at his manor of Downham; and that he was the same day made Vicar of Wysbeach. He was excommunicated by the vice-chancellor of Cambridge 1529, for infringing the privileges of the University. After submitting himself he was reconciled.

See an account of the affair in Dr. Lamb's Collection of CCCC. MSS., London, 1838, p. 12; and the Addenda to Foxe vol. iv., note on p. 656,

Page 451, line 3 from the bottom." Then came at last Dr. West, bishop of Ely"] -The Editor has searched bishop West's Register, but in vain, for any traces of his opposition to Latimer: the only document bearing on the subject occurs at folio 33 of the Institution Book: at the institution of George Gyles to the living of Eversdon parva, October 2d, 1525, we find a peculiar oath administered to him, called in the margin "Forma juramenti pro opinionibus Lutheranis non tenendis." The oath is as follows: "...ipsumque [Georgium Gyles, in Artibus Magistrum] Rectorem perpetuum canonice Instituit in et de eadem cum suis Juribus et pertinentiis universis, præstito primitus per eum tactis sacrosanctis Dei Evangeliis Juramento corporali, tenore subsequente: Et ego Georgius Gyles juro ad haec sancta Dei evangelia per me hic corporaliter tacta quod ero obediens Reverendo in Christo patri et domino domino Nicholao permissione divina Elien. episcopo, et successoribus suis, in omnibus licitis et canonicis mandatis juxta juris exigentia. Item, quod nullam hæresim Lutheranam seu aliam quamcunque ab ecclesia dampnatam docebo prædicabo aut Ratiocinando quovis modo defendam, aut pro eis earumve aliqua inter conferen dum auctoritatem vel Rationem quamcunque joco vel serio, animo deliberato, in medium afferam: Sed eas omnes et singulas pro Ingenii mei viribus et doctrina et eorum fautores impugnabo. Sicut deus me adjuvet et haec sancta dei Evangelia." Instead of this oath the other Institutions say:-"Instituit præstito canonicæ obedientiæ juramento in forma debita et consueta," or something similar this oath seems then first to have been used.

Page 452, top. "Dr. Barnes, prior of the Augustine friars, did licence master Latimer... Christmas Even upon a Sunday."]-This would by Nicolas's Tables be at the close of 1525 (see also Bilney's and Barnes's histories in vols. iv and v.); and we must suppose it introduced retrospectively, if 1529 be the true date of the Card Sermons. Indeed, Foxe seems to speak of Dr. Barnes's license as a providence which had befallen Latimer: "God so provided, that Dr. Barnes did license."

As Dr. Barnes's history has a bearing on that of Latimer, the following information may be useful. There is no grace extant for his D.D. degree, but in the Proctors' Accounts for the year running Michs. 1522—Michs. 1523 is the following entry :—

"Doctores Theologiæ.

Dr. Addison

D. Sharpe
D. Patenson

D. Marshall

D. frater Stokes

D. frater Barnse

from which it appears that xxd must have been the fee to the Proctor for each D.D., and next year, Michaelmas 1523-1524, the following very curious Grace

occurs

"Conceditur Doctori Barnes ut possit esse non regens, et quod non arctetur ad determinandum, quia tantum obrutus est negotiis in sua religione quod adesse non potest ante festum Johannis Baptistæ."

N.B. Two years are ordinarily required for a D.D. to become a "Nonregent:" it is most probable that Barnes took his D.D. degree in the year 1523, and was released by the above Grace from further attendance early in the year 1524, for in that year Stafford took his B.D. degree (see note above on p. 437), for which he kept his famous Act under Dr. Barnes as his Moderator, being "the first man that answered Dr. Barnes in the Scripture, for his form to be bachelor of divinity." (See vol. v. p. 415.)

Page 452, line 4 from the bottom.]-Latimer himself says that this was the first sermon he ever preached before the King (See Latimer's Sermons, Parker Soc. Edit. p. 335.) Latimer was probably introduced to the king by Sir John Cheke, or by Dr. Butts, concerning whom see the note infra, on p. 454.

Page 453, line 31. "Dr. Redman, of whom mention is made before in the reign