168 1759. THE HEIGHTS OF ABRAHAM. p'T. II. When, however, he was again able to mingle with the P’D. III. army, every eye was raised to him with affection and CH. VII. hope; and he formed yet another, and a bolder plan. 10. Pursuant to this, Wolfe broke up his camp at Montmorenci, and returned to Orleans. Then emHept: barking with his army, he sailed up the river several turns to miles higher than his intended point of debarkation. By this movement he deceived his enemy, and gained the advantage of the current and tide, to float his boats silently down to the foot of the rock, which he intended to scale. re Orleans. 11. Wolfe was the first man who leaped on shore. The rapidity of the stream was hurrying along their He gains the plains boats, and some had already gone beyond the narrow of Abra- landing-place. The shore was so shelving, that it was ham, Sept. 13. almost impossible to ascend; and it was lined with French sentinels. 12. Escaping these dangers at the water's edge, they proceeded to scale the precipice. The first party who Battle reached the heights, secured a small battery, which of the crowned them; and thus the remainder of the army Heights of Abra- ascended in safety; and there, on this lofty plain, which commands one of the most magnificent prospects which nature has formed, the British army, drawn up in a highly advantageous position, were, in the morning, discovered by the French. ham. British 1,000; 13. Montcalm, learning with surprise and deep reloss 600; gret, the advantage gained by his opponent, left his French strong position, crossed the St. Charles, and intrepidly Prison- led on the attack. Being on the left of the French, ers 1,000. he was opposed to Wolfe, who was on the right of the British. In the heat of the engagement both commanders were mortally wounded. 14. The wound, with which Wolfe fell, was the third, which he had received in the battle. He was Death of removed from the field; but he watched it with intense anxiety, as faint with the loss of blood, he reclined his languid head upon the supporting arm of an officer. Wolfe. 10. What were his first movements in reference to his new plan?-11. Who was first on shore? What difficulties were there met? - - 12. What others occurred in scaling the heights ? 13. What were the arrangements of Montcalm ? ENGLAND CONQUERS CANADA. 169 A cry was heard, "they fly, they fly!" "Who fly!" PT. II. he exclaimed. "The enemy," was the reply. "Then," P'D. III. said he, "I die content;" and expired. Not less he- CH. VII. roic was the death of Montcalm. He rejoiced, when Death of told that his wound was mortal; "For," said he, "I Montshall not live to see the surrender of Quebec." calm. 15. After the battle, the affairs of the English were 1759. conducted with great discretion by General Town- Sept. 18.. shend; whereas, the French, appear to have yielded Quebec at once to their panic. The capitulation of Quebec was signed September 18 1759, five days after the battle. surrend ers. French Quebec.. 16. General Townshend returning to England, General Murray was left in command with a garrison of 1760 5,000 men. The French army retired to Montreal; attempt and M. de Levi, who had succeeded Montcalm, being, to regain in the course of the winter, reinforced by Canadians and Indians, returned the following spring, with a force of 6,000 to Quebec. General Murray left the fortress, and the Heights of Abraham became the scene of another battle more bloody, though not equally important in its consequences with the first. of the ham. 17. The armies on each side sustained the loss of 1,000 men. The battle was not decisive, but the 2d, battle advantage was on the side of the French, who main- Heights tained their ground while the English retired within of Abrathe fortress. Here they were closely invested until they received reinforcements, when M. de Levi, abandoning all thoughts of obtaining possession of Quebec, returned to Montreal, where Vaudreuil, the governor, assembled all the force of Canada. 18. In the mean time, General Amherst had made arrangements for assembling before this place all the British forces, from Lake Ontario, Lake Champlain, Sep.8 and Quebec. Here they fortunately arrived within surrentwo days of each other, and immediately invested the ders. 14. How was it with Wolfe, when he was told of the flight of his enemy? How was it at the same time with Montcalm ?15. Did the French give up Quebec immediately after the battle? -16. What was the position of the contending armies during the winter?-What was done in the spring?-17. What was the loss in the second battle of the Heights of Abraham ?-What military operations followed it ?-18. How and when did the capture of Montreal take place? Canada 170 CHEROKEE WAR. P'D. III. PT. II. place. Vaudreuil found the force too strong to be resisted and on the 8th of September, he surrendered CH. VIII. Montreal, Detroit, Mackinaw and all the French possessions in Canada. 1760. Cherokees in arms. Mont Grant burns towns. CHAPTER VIII. Wars with the Indians. army, that he 1. THE French had stirred up the Cherokees to war. Colonel Montgomery, at the head of an army, went to their country to chastise them. He was at first successful; but the Indians afterwards attacked him in a thicket near Etchoc, and so cut up his was obliged to return. The next year, an army under Colonel Grant, fought and conquered the Cherokees gomery on the same spot. He pursued them to Etchoc, burned defeated. their huts and laid waste their country. The Indians, thus put in fear, ceased their midnight fires and murders, and made peace. their 2. Interesting events, closely connected with the cession of the French territory, were already in progress among the savages of the north-west. The missionaries, and traders of that nation had wisely won the hearts of the Indians. Said one of their orators, "when the French arrived, they came and kissed us. They called us their children, and we found them English fathers." When the more haughty, and less attentive popular English were preparing to take possession of the weswith the tern ports, Pontiac, the highly gifted chief of the Otthan the tawas, who sought, like Philip, to regain the primitive French. independence of his race, made use of the attachment of the red men to the French, to unite them in a general conspiracy against their conquerors. less Indians 18. What other posts were surrendered? CHAPTER VIII.-1. Give an account of the war with the Cherokees.-2. What difference did the Indians find between the manners of the French and the English? Who was Pontiac ? PONTIAC'S WAR. 171 contrives 3. Pontiac thought, that as the English had expelled PT. II. the French, if the Indians could exterminate them be- P'D. III. fore they were fully established, they would again be cн. VII. lords of the forest. The plan of Pontiac was not inferior in boldness, to that formed by Pitt for the 1762. final conquest of Canada. It was no less than a sim- Pontiac ultaneous attack upon all the British posts near the a daring lakes. Pontiac, by his inventive genius, his eloquence, and his energy, had acquired such power over the north-western tribes, that all was arranged without discovery. On the 7th of July, 1763, nine of the British forts were actually surprised and captured by Nine of the Indians. scheme. 1763. July 7. the Brit ish posts strata 4. Maumee and Mackinaw were among the places, captured. which were thus taken, and the garrisons surprised and slaughtered. Detroit was attempted, but the stra- Pontiac's tagem of Pontiac was there betrayed, by a compassionate squaw. But for some time, he held the place in siege. His allies, however, grew weary of the war, and peace was concluded. gem fails at De troit. 5. During this period, pious Moravians having been expelled from Germany, came over to America, with the design of devoting themselves to the conversion of the native Indians. Their principal seat, was in Pennsylvania. Their most important villages, were Bethlehem, and Nazareth. Their missionaries, male and female, went forth to the western part of Connecticut, to central New York, and through Pennsylvania, 1746. to Ohio. They lived among the savages, calling them ravians their brethren and sisters. Thus they won their confidence, and several hundreds of them, manifested the transforming power of the gospel, by the change of their barbarous dispositions and practices, for such as were pious, kind, and gentle. 6. George III. succeeded to the throne of England 3. What were his views? What his plan of operation? How far did he succeed?-4. What two places are mentioned, which were taken by surprise? Where was Pontiac's pian revealed, by the compassion of a woman?-5. What was the object of the Moravians, in coming to this country?5. Where was their principal seat? Their villages? Where did their missionaries go? How did they treat the natives? How was it with those Indians who received the gospel? The Mo among the most faithful of missionaries. 172 CH. VIII. PEACE OF PARIS. PT. II. soon after the capture of Quebec; and Mr. Pitt, resigning in October, 1761, the following year, the P'D. III: earl of Bute was made prime minister. The first object of the new administration was to restore peace. 1761. Scarcely was this accomplished, when Lord Bute Pitt resigned his place, which was given to Mr. George resigns. Grenville. October, Bute. Lord 7. The definitive treaty was signed at Paris, in February, 1763, by which England obtained from France all her possessions in America, east of the Mississippi, excepting the island of New Orleans; the navigation 1763. of that river being left open to both nations. From Peace of Spain she obtained Florida, in exchange for Havana, Paris. which had been captured during the war. France, at the same time, gave to Spain the territory of Louisiana. 6. Who became king of England? What can you say of Mr. Pitt? Who succeeded him? Who next was prime minister?-7. When was the treaty of peace signed? What did England obtain from France? What from Spain? Which party received Louisiana? QUESTIONS ON THE CHRONOGRAPHICAL PLAN, PART II.-At what time does the second part begin? What event marks this point of time? In what year does it terminate ? What event marks the termination? What are the subjects of the second part? Into how many periods is it divided? When does the first period begin? When does it terminate? What event marks the commencement of the period? What its termination? At what time does the second period begin? When does it terminate? What marks its commencement? What its close? At what time does the third period begin? When does it end? What event marks the commencement? What the close? |