On the 9th, there was a grand sitting of the council of state, in which the prince of Anglona declared, that they ought to negociate with the duke d'Angoulême. This advice being rejected by the council and the Cortes, the prince gave in his resignation. On the 10th, there was a very stormy sit ting of the Cortes. On the 11th, the king was waited upon, and was requested definitively to state, whether he was willing to set out for Cadiz. His majesty replied, that, so far as regarded himself, he had no objections to go, but as he considered his transference to Cadiz as being contrary to the interests of his people, he would not yield to the demands of the Cortes but by force. After this, on the night of the 11th, there was another sitting of the Cortes, in which, on the motion of M. Galliano, it was decreed, that the king was in a state of mental insanity, and that being thus incapable of conducting the government, the Cortes ordered him to be carried to Cadiz, and appointed a regency in his stead, composed of Valdez, Ciscar, and Vigodet. The minister of England then sent a note to the government, in which he stated, that, as he was accredited to the king, and not to a regency, he could not follow the king to Cadiz without further instructions. The Cortes, to remove the scruples of sir W. A'Court, ordered his letter to be answered by a declaration, that his majesty would be under restraint only on his journey, and that he would resume his functions in Cadiz. Sir William replied, that he could not go; for that he did not see his objection removed by the proposed arrangement. He therefore remained at Seville for new instructions; as did likewise

the minister of the United States of America, the ambassador of the Netherlands, and the ambassador of Sweden.

At eight in the morning of the 12th, don Gabriel Ciscar, one of the members of the regency, waited on Ferdinand, explained to him what had been done up to that time, and pointed out the necessity of his proceeding on that day to the isle of Cadiz. The king replied, that he was ready to undertake the journey.

While the preparations for the removal were in progress, messages were repeatedly interchanged between the regency and the Cortes; and general Espinosa was appointed to command the escort. At one o'clock, the troops of the line, and the Madrid and Seville militia were under arms and ready to march; the baggage was shipped on board of vessels in the river, and every thing was arranged for a prompt departure. But at four o'clock, rumours were spread, that his majesty, notwithstanding he had in the morning stated to Ciscar that he was ready to undertake the journey, now refused to move. This report excited great discontent, and a general alarm prevailed. At five o'clock, the troops drew up in a line extending from the Alcazar to the extremity of the city. General Espinosa passed frequently along the line, and every preparation appeared to be complete, but still the agitation continued. At last, about six o'clock, the household coaches began to be put in motion; and in about half an hour after, the king and the royal family entered their carriages, and, followed by their suite, drove off towards Utrera.

The only member of the diplomatic body who accompanied them,

was the chargé d'affaires of Saxony, whose sovereign was uncle to the queen of Spain. They passed the They passed the night of the 12th at Utrera; that of the 13th at Lebriga; that of the 14th at the Puerto de Santa Maria; and on the 15th they made their entry into Cadiz.

On the 13th, the deputies embarked on board a steam-boat, and arrived in Cadiz on the 14th. Immediately before the king's entry into that city, the three regents made a formal communication to the minister Calatrava, that they had resigned the executive power with which they had been intrusted during the journey of the royal family. On the same day, a preliminary meeting of the Cortes was held, at which only 89 deputies were present. At their next sitting, 110 members attended; that number was afterwards augmented to 118. One of the first acts of the government was to announce to the British ambassador the king's restoration to his royal functions. Sir Wm. A'Court, however, did not repair to Cadiz ; he took up his abode in Gibraltar. The Cortes continued their sittings to the 6th of August, when their ordinary session terminated.

The news of the removal of the king from Seville, excited strongly the wrath of the Madrid regency; and that body issued a decree denouncing confiscation and death against the members of the Cortes, and all others who had been accessary to it.

In the mean time, the French troops began to act with more vigour than they had hitherto done. Generals Bourmont and Bourdesoult at the head of two divisions, consisting each of seven thousand men, were ordered to advance upon Seville and Cadiz; and Mo

litor, instead of co-operating with Moncey in Catalonia, was directed to march down upon Valencia, and thence upon Murcia and Granada. As the left column under Bourdesoult approached Manzanares, colonel Abad, the guerilla chief, fell back into the pass of Despenaperros, where the main body of his army had entrenched itself. The duke de Dino succeeded, on the 7th of June, in surprising the Spanish rear-guard; drove on the 9th the constitutional chief, Placentia, from a strong position which he had taken at Despenaperros; and entered Cordova on the 13th. This town the French found already in the hands of the royalists. A counter revolution had been effected, and the constitutionalists had left the town at the disposal of their adversaries, and under the influence of sentiments hostile to their own.

Bourmont, in the meantime, who with his division had advanced by the way of Estremadura, reached Truxillo on the 11th. The divisions of the French, having united there, continued to press on towards Seville, until they were informed, on their march, by a courier of the English minister, that Ferdinand had been transferred from Seville to Cadiz, and that a provisional regency, invested with the execu tive authority, had been appointed. Bourdesoult then, turning off from the direct road to Seville, where his presence was not necessary, as that town had declared against the constitutionalists the moment that the Cortes had quitted it, pressed on to Cadiz. In consequence of this movement, Lopez Banos, who wished to supply his army with clothing and equipment, was enabled to march on to

Seville. At day-break, on the 16th, he presented himself before the city, in the direction of Triana: the royalists, who had been joined by the carabineers and guards, opened their fire from the left of the Guadalquivir and the houses of the Triano, protecting the head of the bridge with two pieces of artillery. Lopez Banos formed a column sufficiently strong tooverawe the enemy, and force him to abandon the bridge, which was immediately passed by the constitutional troops, together with the cavalry and artillery. The enemy then retreated in the utmost disorder, and it was supposed that he would make no further resistance; but, on the contrary, the city gates were immediately closed, and they, as well as the houses and streets, were defended. Two of the principal gates were battered by artillery; and, at length, the royalists were dislodged and pursued. Lopez Banos having levied his contributions, and made some prisoners, retreated by a circuitous route, and reached Cadiz with 2,500 troops. While the great body of the French army was advancing

against Cadiz, general Bourck was employed in suppressing the constitutionalists throughout the Asturias. Campillo and Palarea had there offered a zealous resistance to the French. The former of these officers crossed the Deba, and made an effort to raise the siege of Santona. A division of the French army, however, under the command of Huber, came down, through Reynosa, upon his rear, and forced him to retreat. Again he advanced, and again he failed. General Bourck, in the meantime, entered Oviedo, and afterwards followed the retreating Spaniards across Galicia towards Corunna.

At this time, the Spanish cause received another fatal blow by the defection of Morillo. On the 26th of June, he published a proclamation declaring the members of the Cortes to be traitors. The only pretext which he offered for this sudden change in his sentiments and conduct, was a wish to preserve Galicia in a state of neutrality. At first, he disavowed the regency installed at Seville, and appointed a junta for the district which he commanded; professing his determination, at the same time not to yield to the foreign invaders. For this conduct he was severely reprobated by Quiroga, who denounced him as a traitor, unworthy of the confidence of an army, and assumed the command in Galicia. Morillo recriminated but unsuccessfully. He had a conference with general Bourck at Lugo, on the 10th of July, and finally threw himself into the arms of the French, carrying with him about three thousand men.

The loss of Morillo was but ill compensated by the acquisition of sir Robert Wilson; who, with a few other Englishmen, set out to join the constitutional forces in defence of the liberties of the peninsula. He made an expedition to Oporto with the hope of securing the cooperation of the Portugueze; but the counter-revolution had taken place in that kingdom, and the last spark of what sir Robert deemed true freedom was just expiring as he arrived in Portugal. He returned to Spain, and lost no time in marshalling troops to defend Corunna. Quiroga gave him his advice and assistance; and both of them seemed ardent in the cause în which they had embarked. They were attacked on the morn

ing of the 15th of July, by general Bourck, who, after a warm contest, forced the Spaniards to seek refuge within the walls of the town. Sir Robert Wilson and his friend colonel Light were both wounded. But although sir Robert had bled for Spanish freedom, he was by no means partial to French captivity; and this, he feared, would be the result of his remaining in Corunna. Accordingly, Quiroga and himself suddenly disappeared. They had sailed in a steam-packet for Vigo. There the English general remained to resist Morillo, who was advancing against it at the head of an army composed of French and Spanish soldiers. Quiroga sailed for England; and in the meantime, Novella assumed the command of the garrison in Corunna.

Bourck, during the first week of August, prosecuted his advances against that place with vigour, and met with a very stout resist ance. On the 6th and 7th of August, the city sustained a heavy cannonade, which did considerable mischief. The wants, both of the inhabitants and of the garrison, being very pressing, general Novella, on the 10th summoned the principal officers of the garrison to a council, in which the question of further resistance was discussed. The different opinions were drawn up in writing, and signed by the officers. Some wished to hold out longer, in the expectation, that the troops operating externally might oblige the enemy to raise the siege; and because, at all events, the keeping the French occupied in that quarter, might prove useful to the constitutional cause. The majority, however, thought that no advantage could be gained by continuing the defence. At

last, the commandant of the Gra nada corps proposed, that the overture of an armistice should be made to the besieging general, on the ground that reports had been received of negotiations being commenced between the constitutional government at Cadiz and the duke of Angoulême. This proposition being unanimously approved, a correspondence was immediately opened with general Bourck, which led to the calling of another council on the following day. After communicating the correspondence to this council, general Novella formally submitted the following question, viz:-"Is it proper to negociate on honourable bases, or to continue the defence of the place?" Twenty-six officers voted for negotiation, and only fournamely, the sub-inspector general of engineers, the chief of the staff, the commandant of the engineers, and the first constitutional alcalde

In the

voted for continuing the defence. Von Hallen, the chief of the staff, in his vote, which he reduced to writing, stated, that the resources of the place were sufficient for continuing the defence, and that he considered a surrender, under the existing circumstances, to be highly dishonourable. course of the negotiation, Bourck dexterously availed himself of the submission of Ballasteros, which had taken place by this time, and which he represented to Novella as an example to be followed. The convention between Bourck and Novella was signed on the 13th of August. It provided, that the entire garrison of Corunna should pass under the command of Morillo, captain-general and commander-in-chief of the Spanish army in Galicia, upon the same conditions as were agreed to in

Lugo between the French and Spanish generals-that the governor of Corunna would immediately send two Spanish officers, accompanied by two French officers, to Morillo to make known the submission, and to receive his orders; -and that Morillo should stipulate with count Bourck for the interests of the corps and the individuals, who composed the garrison and population of Corunna.

Palarea, who had made a brave stand at the bridge of San Payo, seeing that he could no longer successfully resist Morillo, retired into the interior with the design of exciting a revolutionary spirit among the peasantry; and sir Robert Wilson entered immediately into a correspondence with Morillo relative to an armistice, in which he made certain propositions and used certain expressions, that required some ingenuity on the part of his friends to explain in any rational sense. From

this time the zealous patriot ceased to interfere in Spanish affairs, and soon after arrived in England. Palerea was defeated in the object of his march into the interior. The peasantry of Galicia were not to be excited; and, in his march to Castile, he was intercepted by general Margueyre, who compelled him to surrender, and sent him with his detachment of 1,200 men as prisoners of war into France. Corunna was entered on the 21st by Morillo, and Galicia was thus finally conquered.

The fortune of the Spanish constitutionalists had likewise suffered sad reverses in the South-Eastern quarter of the kingdom, Ballasteros, having unsuccessfully attempted to make himself master of Valencia, fled before the advancing army of Molitor, and retreated to Murcia,

Molitor entered Valencia on the 30th of June. He next cut his way by the bridge of Alcira over the Zucar, and soon after drove Ballasteros from Murcia. His next step was, to march down upon Granada. On his way thither, arriving at Guadix on the 24th of July with the advanced guard, Molitor learned that the enemy's army had taken a position to await him. General Zayas, who commanded a separate corps, was at Granada; Ballasteros and Balanzar, with the main body and best troops of the army, had advanced, as secretly as possible, from the environs of Granada and Jaen, to Guadalhuertona, upon the right. of the road from Guadix to Granada, hoping that the French, in ignorance of their movement, would be compromised in advancing imprudently upon the latter town. Molitor, however, immediately made arrangements to attack them on the following day. On the 25th he marched, with one division, from Gaudix upon Moreda; ordering another division to advance upon Guelago from Gor, and a third to march upon Almais. The Spaniards who depended upon their cavalry, hastened to send 1,200 of those troops in advance to Guadalhuertona, where there were only 400 men to oppose them. General Bonnemains, who had the command of this advanced guard, did not hesitate, however, to begin the attack. The Spanish squadrons stationed in advance of the town, and those which occupied it, were first routed, and then three regular charges were made upon 1,000 cavalry; who, after offering an obstinate resistance, were thrown into disorder, and pursued two leagues beyond Guadalhuertona.

After this failure, Ballasteros