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Besides Atlas, there are other mountains, as Jibbel Auros, El Kallah; its rivers are numerous but not spacious, they are Wedel Kibr, Wedel Haman, El Esner, El Haamase; the chief city is Al Ghezir, which has been corrupted into Algiers, and has given the name we use to the whole country. There are other small towns, but in common with all the neighboring powers, they are very little removed from barbarism.

2. What country adjoins Algiers ?

A. That of the Bey of Tunis, the country of the once flourishing and celebrated Carthage, and now one of the most wretched of nations. It is on the Mediterranean, and bounded east by Tripoli; it is about 330 miles long and 150 broad.

The city, from which the country takes its name, is the only one worthy of notice.

Next to Tunis is Tripoli, composed of parts of the ancient Syrtica and Cyrene; it is equally wretched with Tunis and less populous; the country is upwards of 1000 miles long by 100 broad; and the capital is the only place of note.

To the east of Tripoli is Barca, the ancient Cyrene, once famous for the temple of Jupiter Ammon, now a barren arid desert, though this whole country is susceptible of the finest cultivation, and formerly produced the greatest and most luxurious abundance.

All those states subsist by piracy, and to the scandal of the nations called civilized and Christian, many submit to pay them an annual tribute. 2. What are the principal rivers of Africa besides the Nile?

A. The Gambia, Congo, Zarie, Zebee, Ni ger, Senegal, and numerous others.

2. Are the African islands numerous ?

A. They are not so numerous as those of the quarters of the globe, but there are still

other

many.

2. In the Indian Ocean there are Madagascar larger than Great Britain, being 1000 miles long and 250 broad, Mauritius, Bourbon, the Comora islands, and Socotro at the entrance of the Red Sea. In the south Atlantic are St. Helena and Ascension; and in the north Atlantic several groups of valuable islands.

The small islands in the gulph of Guinea called St. Thomas, Fernando Po, &c.

The Cape de Verds, first discovered by the Portuguese in 1460, the chief of which is St. Jago.

The Canaries, which are about 60 miles from Morocco; they are seven in number, among which is the celebrated mountain or peak of Teneriffe. The principal island is called the Grand Canary, and is about 150 miles in circuit ....capital Palma,

The Madeiras, which are about 60 miles north of the Canaries, and 100 miles west of Salee in Morocco. The islands beside Madeira are Porto Santo and Desolate Island. Funchal is the capital of Madeira.

The Azores, though placed here, do not properly belong to any quarter of the globe, being nearly equidistant from each....they are nine in number, of which Tercera is the most frequented.

In Africa there is no inland sea, and but one lake of great extent, that of Maravia. Besides Mount Atlas, those that are called the mountains of the Moon are lofty ranges.

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AN EPITOME

OF THE

ARTS AND SCIENCES.

CLASS VII....LESSON I.

OF AMERICA.

9. AS it is fit that a knowlege of our own country should be our more particular concern and study, give me a suitable account thereof?

A. America is the largest of the four divisions of the globe, being about 9000 miles from north to south, and near 4000 in breadth. It is composed of two grand divisions or continents, made By nature; North and South America, which are joined by a narrow itshmus of land of 57 miles width, at Darien or Panamá.

America was not known to the people of the other quarters of the globe, till Columbus, a citizen of Genoa, discovered it in 1492. Ames ricus Vespucius, a navigator of Tuscany, by his voyages and address, contrived to give his name to this quarter of the world.

2. Give me some account of South America? A. This part of the American continent, was principally under the government of European nations, but in 1810 threw off their dependence on Spain.

The following are the grand divisions of the southern continent of America:

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Portugal.

Maragnan, (Amazonia) Aborigines.

Guiana, settled by France, occupied by

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the British.

Dutch, Do.

1

Besides the islands in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.

2. How is Terra Firma situated?

A. It is an extensive country, containing nine large provinces....as Terra Firma proper, Darien, Carthagena, St. Martha, Rio de la Haca, Venezuela, Cumana, Paria, Grenada, and Po payan.

It is 1400 miles long, and 700 broad....the capital is Panama, on the South Sea, one of the finest harbors in the world. There the British began an establishment in 1810. In this province the Andes commence.

South of this division is Peru, which is divided into the three provinces of Quito, north} Lima, middle; Caraccas, south. In this country, are the celebrated cities of Lima, Cusco, and Potosi. Here also are the loftiest mountains in the world. Chimborazo is said to be near four miles high. Peru is 1800 miles long, by 600 broad.

Chili is divided into two parts by the Andes; Chili proper, on the east ; and Cuyo the west. Capital St. Jago.

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