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attend 1 him. He died notwithstanding their care, as his ancestors for several generations had done, in 2 the field of battle. Pescara ordered his body to be embalmed, and sent 3 to his relations; and such was the respect paid to 1 military merit in that age,5 that the Duke of Savoy commanded it to be received with royal honours ® in all the cities of his dominions; in Dauphiny, Bayard's native country, the people of all ranks came out in a solemn procession to meet it.—(ROBERTSON, History of Charles V.)

ON ANGER.

As the whirlwind in its fury teareth up trees, and deformeth the face of 10 nature, or as an earthquake in its convulsions overturneth whole cities, so the rage of an angry man throws 1 mischief around him. Danger and destruction wait on his hand.12

But consider, and forget not thine own weakness, so that thou pardon 13 the failings of others.

Indulge not thyself in the passion of anger;14 it is whetting a sword 15 to wound thine own breast, or murder 16 thy friend.

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If thou bearest slight provocations with patience, it shall be imputed unto thee for1 wisdom; and, if thou wipest them from thy remembrance, thy heart shall not reproach thee.2

Seest thou not that the angry man loseth his understanding? Whilst thou art yet in thy senses, let the wrath of another be a lesson to thyself. 5

Do nothing in a passion : why wilt thou put to sea in the violence of a storm?

If it be difficult to rule thine anger, it is wise to prevent it; avoid therefore all occasions of falling into wrath, or guard thyself against them whenever they occur.

A fool is provoked with insolent speeches, but a wise man laugheth them to scorn.'

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Harbour not revenge in thy breast: it will torment thy heart, and discolour its best inclinations.11

Be always more ready to forgive than to return an injury; he that watches for an opportunity of revenge, lieth in wait against himself, 12 and draweth down mischief on his own head.

A mild answer to 13 an angry man, like water cast upon the fire, abateth his heat; 14 and from an enemy 15 he shall become thy friend.

Consider how few things are worthy of anger, and thou wilt wonder that any but fools should be wroth.16

1 à; without any article.

2 ne te fera point de reproches. The verb reprocher is never used absolutely, in French, as 'to reproach' is in English. We say, reprocher quelque chose à quelqu'un (to reproach one with a thing); but, in an absolute sense, faire (or, adresser) des reproches à quelqu'un (to reproach, or upbraid, one).

3 la raison (page 26, note 12). 4 tu conserves encore la tienne. 5 to be a lesson to,' servir de leçon d.-'wrath,' emportement. 6 un accès de colère.

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pourquoi mettre en.
Simply, d'emportement.

9 L'insensé.

note 3.

See page 80,

10 les méprise et s'en moque.

11 Que ton cœur ne nourrisse point la vengeance: elle ne peut que le tourmenter et en fausser (to bend, warp, pervert, or, better, altérer, to spoil, impair, mar) les plus nobles (or, les plus heureux) penchants. To discolour inclinations,' is sheer nonsense.

12 se tend (or, se dresse) des embûches à lui-même (page 38, note 11, and page 37, note 2).

13 faite à; thus supplying the ellipsis.

14 calme son ardeur. The word ardeur means 'heat,' as well as 'ardour; thus, l'ardeur du feu, 'the heat of the fire.'

15 et d'ennemi qu'il était.
tout autre qu'un fou puisse

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yue

In folly or weakness it always beginneth :1 but remember and be well assured it seldom concludeth without repentance.2

On the heels of Folly treadeth Shame; at the back of 3 Anger standeth Remorse.-(DODSLEY, Economy of Human Life.)

THE CATARACT OF NIAGARA, IN CANADA,4 NORTH AMERICA.

THIS amazing fall of water is made by the river SaintLawrence, in its passage from lake Erie into lake Ontario.5 The Saint-Lawrence is one of the largest rivers in the world; and yet the whole of its waters is discharged in this place, by a fall of a hundred and fifty feet perpendicular. It is not easy to bring the imagination to correspond to the greatness of the scene. A river extremely deep and rapid, and that serves to draw the waters of almost all North America 10 into the Atlantic Ocean, is here poured precipitately down a ledge of rocks, that rises, like a wall, across the whole bed of its stream.12

s'y livrer (or, s'y abandonner-s'y
laisser aller-page 86, note 5).
1 Elle a toujours son origine
dans
&c. See page 49,
note, and page 30, note 9.

2 rarement par autre chose que par le repentir.-'concludes ;' see page 85, note 1.

3 Simply, derrière.

4 du Niagara, au Canada.-au (not en) Canada. The article is always used before the names of certain minor or distant countries, such as le Canada, le Brésil, le Pérou, le Bengal, le Japon, les Indes, la Jamaïque, la Guadeloupe, &c. ; with these, besides, à (with the article) is used instead of en, 'in,' (without the article),- -see page 16, note 10

5 le lac, in both instances.-'made;' we use the verb former,

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in this sense.

The

6 un des plus grands fleuves.— 'in;' see page 31, note 14.

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en tombant perpendiculairement de cent cinquante pieds (pieds anglais) de haut; or, par une chute perpendiculaire de cent cinquante pieds. 8 de mettre son imagination en rapport avec.

porter; or, faire écouler. 10 This is a monstrous geographical blunder.

11 se précipite ici le long d'une chaîne ligne rangée.

12 dans toute la largeur de son lit. -' bed of its stream. We say le lit d'un fleuve, or d'une rivière (of a river), in this sense; but le lit d'un courant is a naval term, which means the direction of a stream, as le lit du vent means the direction of the wind.

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river, a little above, is near three quarters of a mile broad; and the rocks, where it grows narrower, are four hundred yards over.2 Their direction is not straight across, but hollowing inwards like a3 horse-shoe; so that the cataract, which bends to the shape of the obstacle,+ rounding inwards, presents a kind of theatre 5 the most tremendous in nature. Just in the middle of this circular wall of waters, a little island, that has braved the fury of the current, presents one of its points, and divides the stream at top into two parts; but they unite again long before they reach the bottom. The noise of the fall is heard at the distance of several leagues; and the fury of the waters, at the termination 8 of their fall, is inconceivable. The dashing9 produces a mist that rises to the very clouds, and which forms a most beautiful rainbow,10 when the sun shines. It will readily be supposed 11 that such a cataract entirely destroys the navigation of the stream;12 and yet some Indians, in their canoes, as it is said, have ventured down it with safety.13— GOLDSMITH.

1 a près de trois quarts de mille de large (or, de largeur). Notice this use of avoir, whereas the English use 'to be; and, also, that of the preposition de, here, before the adjective, or the noun of dimension.

2 environ deux cents toises en (or, de) largeur de large. The toise (six feet, or about) is out of use the current French measure is now the mètre and its decimal multiples and sub-multiples. The mètre is very nearly three French feet and one inch: the English "yard" is mètre 0,914. There was no old French measure corresponding to the yard.' Some dictionaries and French exercise books translate it by verge; a greater mistake could hardly be made: the verge corresponded to the 'rood.'

3 Ils ne traversent pas le fil de l'eau en ligne droite (or, en ligne directe-directement), mais s'échancrent (or, forment une courbe, or

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BRUTUS ON THE DEATH OF CESAR.

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ROMANS, Countrymen, and lovers! 1 hear me for 2 my cause; and be silent that you may hear. Believe me for mine honour, and have respect for 3 mine honour, that you may believe. Censure me in your wisdom, and awake your senses, that you may the better 5 judge. If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of Cæsar's, to him I say that Brutus's love to Cæsar was no less than his. If then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Cæsar, this is my answer: not that I loved Cæsar less, but that I loved Rome more. 10 Had you rather Cæsar were living,11 and die all slaves, than that Cæsar were dead, to live 12 all freemen? As Cæsar loved me, I weep for him; as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I honour him ; but as he was ambitious, I slew him.13 There are tears for his love,14 joy for his fortune, honour for his valour, and death for his ambition. Who's here so base, that would 15 be a bondman? If any,16 speak; for him have I offended.17 Who's here so rude,18 that would not be a Roman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who's here so vile, that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended. I 19 pause forl a reply. None? Then none have I offended; 20 I have done no more to Cæsar than

1 amis, in this case.

2 dans.

3 ayez foi en.

croire à mes paroles.

5 et prêtez-moi votre attention, afin d'être mieux en état de. 6 je lui dirai.

7 affection.to,' here, pour. 8 voici. This word, in a narration, or an exposition of facts, always relates to what follows, and voild to what precedes. See page 20, note 3.

9 ce n'est pas que; with the subjunctive.

10 Leave out that,' here, and use the indicative.-See, besides, page 8, note 8.

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