'but lest, under the name and with the smattering of some instruction, they receive what is as inefficient, and even more injurious than none. Tell them, then, that their angel says, Watch! be not led away by sounds! know what you are going to teach! assure yourselves, before you pull out your 'dollars, that it is for money's worth!

'And what does their angel say more? He strikes the first notes of the hallelujah of " the sea of glass;" and says, Surely your Lord cometh quickly.'

Another heresy which has been long engendering, which has at last arrived at a most fearful height, and which Mr. Vaughan was most useful in stemming, is that relating to the Authority of the Church. The Papists having placed the church above the written word, the Protestants of late years have met this error by its converse of equal magnitude, which is, to deny the authority of the church altogether. The written word is not of itself sufficient without a church--that is, without a living body of witnesses and preachers of the truth. This is the great error which Bible Societies have been the means of promulgating. There is in all these self-constituted societies an error at their root, which is, that they are schismatic in their very essence. They are not ordinances of God's appointment; they are not under the controul or management of any authority of his. Those who call themselves Christian societies, are as essentially schismatic as the rest: they are not instituted by the ecclesiastical superiors of the church: if bishops belong to them, their membership is in virtue of an annual guinea paid, not in virtue of their office in the church. The good that is done by them, and the propriety of circulating printed books and of sending out missionaries, is another question.

Besides the heresy of inculcating that the written word is sufficient without a preaching, living church, another has run pari passu with it; which is, that God's blessings are scattered promiscuously; whereas the reverse of this is the case. The ordinances which God has ordained for the government of mankind, whether in the social relationships of sovereign and subject, pastor and flock, parent and child, master and servant, are not results of arbitrary arrangement, any more than the other decrees of God, to which we alluded in the commencement of these remarks: they are ordinances which set forth spiritual, that is, essential, invisible truths. They are given in order that men may know the paths which conduct to happiness in their several kinds, and may know that every other pass leads to the reverse. The path does not make the happiness; but he who walks in it is kept from the reverse. What those truths are which all the ordinances of God's appointment do manifest, we do not at present mean to discuss; but simply to observe the

fact, in order to shew how that contempt for church ordinances and authority, which is now so universal, must engender a leanness of soul in its members: and hence to point out the value of Mr. Vaughan's labours in asserting, upon all proper occasions, the danger of schism, and the due place for the authority of the church.

This question of schism is assuming a more important feature every day; and there is no end to the heresies which may not be expected to arise from among the separatists and schismatics. The written word of God is not a sufficient defence against them; for every Muggletonian, Socinian, and other heretic, quotes Scripture to justify his abomination. The word is the proper weapon with which to contend against them that are without the church; but it is not sufficient against them that are within. The disagreements which arise within the body are desired by our Lord to be referred, not to Moses and the Prophets,, but to the Church; and they who will not hear the church, are to be counted as heathen men and as publicans. The inefficiency of the written word alone, was proved at the Council of Nice, where the Arians agreed to every term taken from Scripture that the Orthodox could employ; whence it was rendered necessary to embody the intended meaning of the terms in the symbol which was then drawn up. The schismatics may hold some points of truth-and we trust that many will be found to do so at the approaching coming of the Lord;-but they will unquestionably be given over to a spirit of heresy, if they pertinaciously refuse to submit to the church. They now prevail to such an extent, that we must expect heresies of every kind to prevail also for the heretics are out of the reach of the only remedy which is appointed for their disorder-namely, the authority of the church.

The delusion which has got into many men's minds, and thereby greatly tended to increase the schismatic spirit, is, that established churches are "Babylon :" this is not sufficient for the Baptists, and they separate themselves from the Non-conformists; and so on ad infinitum. Now, it is a pity that these worthies will not all remember that which, though Churchmen, we desire to bear in mind ourselves-namely, that all Christendom is alike Babylon. These gentlemen change their lodgings in Babel, and dream that they have left the city altogether! Some lived once in Episcopal Square, or Presbyterian Street, who have now taken up their abode in Independant Lane, or Strict-Communion Close, and they verily flatter themselves they are living on Mount Zion! and not only this, but they snarl and growl at all who pass by, for preferring to dwell in the highways which they have left, instead of the narrow alleys to which they have now betaken themselves.

Mr. Vaughan saw plainly the evil of schism, and the train of

heresies which must necessarily spring up from it, and against this he directed, too, a portion of his valuable labours.

Another evil, which has greatly increased, if not entirely arisen, within the last century, met a decided rebuke in Mr. Vaughan's practice-namely, the abandonment by parents of the education of their children into the hands of hirelings, often at the distance of hundreds of miles from their paternal roof. Though blessed with a numerous offspring (which, from their anxiety to get rid of them, many seem to think a curse), he educated them all himself. It is imposssible to estimate the extent of mischief which has been introduced by the violation of this ordinance of God. Reverence to parental authority, that mixture of love and fear, which is the habit of a child's mind towards its parents, never being called into exercise in its tenderest years, seems to be in the greater part of men, when arrived at years of discretion, an extinct faculty: it cannot be excited towards God, towards the church, towards the king, towards their country; for there is nothing to excite. Thus all natural bonds are destroyed: and then men, when they find their insulated helplessness, form other bonds, and sectarian parties; in which they lose their individuality, and become not even insulated machines, but only wheels or cogs of some greater machine. But, to return to Mr. Vaughan

If authority was ever placed by man in the hands most competent to use it, the rank of Mr. Vaughan in the church would have been the highest that earthly power could bestow. But he had a higher destiny still. "The greatest preferment, under heaven," says Whitefield to his friend Winter, "is to be an able, painful, faithful, successful, suffering, castout minister of the New Testament." This was Mr. Vaughan's dignity, and therefore he was neither a Dean, a Chancellor, nor à Bishop.

We observed, that his method of composition was generally to state early the conclusion at which he meant to arrive, and afterwards to justify the grounds upon which he had formed it. The objection to this mode arises from the irritation which is apt to be excited in the minds of the hearers: this, added to the depth of the subjects on which he discoursed, made his sermons unpalatable to all flippant, ignorant, and self-sufficient persons, who compose the majority of all congregations. It would not have afforded any surprise, therefore, to find that Mr. Vaughan had been unpopular with the principal inhabitants of the town in which he resided; and we think it impossible that he should have drawn crowds of ill-instructed hearers. But such was the high unbending integrity and conscientiousness with which he discharged every branch of the pastoral office, that he commanded the respect, and even the affection, voluntary on the part of those who could duly appreciate his value, and involuntary from

those who could not, but still of all, who were within the sphere of his activity. Never did he keep back any truth, nor ever obscure a form of expressing it, from the fear of offending any man: and we therefore mention, as an encouragement to others to persevere in the same uncompromising line of conduct, the public testimony which was borne to him by the Corporation of Leicester. On the first meeting of that municipal body after the death of Mr. Vaughan had taken place, the following resolutions were passed unanimously:

"That this Hall cannot separate without endeavouring to record, however inadequately, the deep sorrow which they feel at the lamented death of the Rev. E. T. Vaughan, late Vicar of St. Martin's, and Chaplain to this Corporation.

"That this Corporation cannot pretend, by any expression of theirs, to do justice to the feeling which they entertain of reverence and attachment towards the character and memory of the deceased; whose distinguished talents, great learning, and eminent piety, render his loss as a minister, a man, and a Christian, wholly irreparable, and such as this Corporation and the public can never cease to deplore.

"That, in humble testimony of these feelings and sentiments, the individual members of the Corporation will attend the funeral of the said E. T. Vaughan, whenever it may take place; and they would have done so in their corporate capacity, if that could add any thing to the expression of their respect towards the Reverend deceased, or better testify the solemnity of the feelings with which they are animated on this truly sorrowful and melancholy occasion."

Those, who surrounded his bed at the last, bear testimony to its being the most quiet death-scene that they had ever witnessed. All was peace-Peace within, amidst the most violent bodily sufferings. He said but very little during his illness, consistently with what he had often expressed in health; disapproving a relation of dying speeches, or that believers should be urged to give testimonies of their faith at such a season. "Father! my Father!" 'Rest, oh rest with thee!" were the words that most frequently broke from his lips. His children were with him to the last; and, having called them around his bed, he said, "Children, live in love and peace among yourselves; and love and cherish your mother." To a very kind relation, who is much opposed to the free grace of God, he said, "I would freely confess all my sins, but I cannot number them! yet I know they are forgiven:" he paused, and then added, "Yes, they are all forgiven! and this I am assured of, through faith in Christ, my Lord and my Redeemer."- -A friend, who was hastening to his house to see him, was informed of the result as he passed through Leicester, by seeing St. Martin's church shut up the whole of Sunday, and by hearing the bells of all the churches toll throughout the day. A friend, who lived in great habits of inti

macy with Mr. Vaughan, observes," The removal of this great prophet from amongst us is not terrific to his dear, dear family; not to his loving, and loved friends; not to his valuing, and valued people; not to those far and near in the land, who, as prejudice was removed, were and are daily blessing God in Christ for what He has taught and is teaching them through him: to these the dispensation is not joyous, but grievous; they are weeping and mourning, but not as those without hope. But when we call to mind what God has spoken by him to his parishes, and to his neighbourhood, and to the kingdom, and to the world at large, his removal is awful: to the atheistical infidel, lukewarm worldly ones, whether in the Church or out of it, who are living as if there were no God, no Christ, no Holy Ghost, no second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ to them in judgment, no resurrection from the dead, both of the just and the unjust, no glory to which some shall be raised, as others to everlasting shame and contempt: to such, a terrific voice is sent forth in this death. Oh that many may be made willing to receive the warning and live!"

We would willingly indulge in expressions of regret at the loss which has been sustained, as well in our own private friendships, as in the public necessities of the church

Multis ille bonis flebilis occidit,

Nullis flebilior quam nobis.

And when we think upon the heresies which are setting in like a flood upon Zion, and the few valiant and true-hearted soldiers that there be to withstand them, we sadden at the gloomy forebodings of " which coming events cast their shadows before." But when we remember how utterly incompetent we are to judge of who is fit to be taken, and who to be left; when we call to mind that some are placed in obscurity whom we would have fixed on the very summit of the highest watch-tower, and how some are toiling in the inferior offices of the church whom we would have placed at its head; when we reflect that even the sentiment of regret is to a certain extent a want of resignation, we say, "Now unto the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only wise God, be honour and glory for ever and ever! Amen."-" Almighty God, with whom do live the spirits of them that depart hence in the Lord, and with whom the souls of the faithful, after they are delivered from the burden of the flesh, are in joy and felicity; we give thee hearty thanks, for that it hath pleased thee to deliver this our brother out of the miseries of this sinful world; beseeching thee, that it may please thee, of thy gracious goodness, shortly to accomplish the number of thine elect, and to hasten thy kingdom; that we, with all those that are departed in the true faith of thy holy name, may have our perfect consummation and bliss, both in body and soul, in the eternal and everlasting glory through Jesus Christ our Lord."