Tour to the lead, though how the lead was separated I did Wales. not see; then calcined, afterwards ground fine, and

then mixed by fire with copper--We saw several strong fires with melting pots, but the construction of the fireplaces I did not learn-At a copper-work which receives its pigs of copper, I think, from Warrington, we saw a plate of copper put hot between steel rollers, and spread thin: I know not whether the upper roller was set to a certain distance, as I suppose, or acted only by its weight-At an ironwork I saw round bars formed by a notched hammer and anvil-There I saw a bar of about half an inch or more square, cut with shears worked by water, and then beaten hot into a thinner bar-The hammers all worked, as they were, by water, acting upon small bodies, moved very quick, as quick as by the hand-I then saw wire drawn, and gave a shilling—I have enlarged my notions, though not been able to see the movements; and having not time to peep closely, I knew less than I might-I was less weary, and had better breath, as I walked farther.

Thursday, 4th August.-Rhudlan1 Castle is still a very noble ruin; all the walls still remain, so that a complete platform, and elevations, not very imperfect, may be taken -It encloses a square of about thirty yards-The middle space was always openThe wall is, I believe, about thirty feet high, very thick, flanked with six round towers, each about eighteen feet, or less, in diameter-Only one tower had a chimney, so that there was commodity of living-It was only a place of strength-The garrison had, perhaps, tents in the area.

3

Stapylton's house is pretty'; there are pleasing

1 [In the first edition this name was by mistake printed Ruthin.-ED.]

2 [Meaning, probably, could be drawn on paper.-ED.]

3 ["No," or "little," is probably here omitted.-ED.]

4 [The name of this house is Bodryddan [pronounced, writes Mrs. Piozzi, Potrothan]; formerly the residence of the Stapyltons, the parents of five co

Wales.

shades about it, with a constant spring that supplies Tour to a cold bath-We then went to see a cascade-I trudged unwillingly, and was not sorry to find it dry1 -The water was, however, turned on, and produced a very striking cataract-They are paid a hundred pounds a year for permission to divert the stream to the mines-The river, for such it may be termed, rises from a single spring, which, like that of Winifred's, is covered with a building.

We called then at another house belonging to Mr. Lloyd, which made a handsome appearance-This country seems full of very splendid houses.

Mrs. Thrale lost her purse-She expressed so much uneasiness, that I concluded the sum to be very great; but when I heard of only seven guineas, I was glad to find that she had so much sensibility of money.

I could not drink this day either coffee or tea after dinner-I know not when I missed before.

Friday, 5th August.-Last night my sleep was remarkably quiet-I know not whether by fatigue in walking, or by forbearance of tea. I gave [up] the ipecacuanha-Vin. emet. had failed; so had tartar emet. I dined at Mr. Myddleton's, of Gwaynynog— The house was a gentleman's house, below the second rate, perhaps below the third, built of stone roughly cut-The rooms were low, and the passage above stairs gloomy, but the furniture was good-The table was well supplied, except that the fruit was bad-It was truly the dinner of a country gentleman -Two

2

heiresses, of whom Mrs. Cotton, afterwards Lady Salusbury Cotton, was one. In the year 1774, it was the residence of Mr. Shipley, dean of St. Asaph, who still lives there.-DUPPA.]

1 ["He teased Mrs. Cotton so about the dry cascade at Dysert rock, that I remember she was ready to cry: the waterfall being near her maiden residence made her, I suppose, partial to the place; for she sent us thither to be entertained, and expected much praise at our return."-Piozzi MS.]

2 [Johnson affected to be a man of very nice discernment in the art of cookery (DUPPA); but if we may trust Mrs. Piozzi's enumeration of his favourite dainties, with very little justice. See ante, v. i. p. 481. And observing in one of

Wales.

Tour to tables were filled with company, not inelegantAfter dinner, the talk was of preserving the Welsh language-I offered them a scheme-Poor Evan Evans was mentioned, as incorrigibly addicted to strong drink-Washington was commended1—Myddleton is the only man who, in Wales, has talked to me of literature-I wish he were truly zealous—I recommended the republication of David ap Rhees's Welsh grammar-Two sheets of Hebrides came to me for correction to-day, F. G.

2

Saturday, 6th August.-Za9.3 p.-I corrected the two sheets-My sleep last night was disturbedWashing at Chester and here, 5s. 1d.-I did not read-I saw to-day more of the outhouses at Lleweney-It is, in the whole, a very spacious house.

Sunday, 7th August.-I was at church at Bodfari. There was a service used for a sick woman, not canonically, but such as I have heard, I think, formerly at Lichfield, taken out of the visitation.Ka. μerpiws. The church is mean, but has a square tower for the bells, rather too stately for the church.

μετρίως.

Observations.-Dixit injustus, Ps. 36, has no relation to the English *.

her letters to Mr. Duppa on this passage, she says, "Dr. Johnson loved a fine dinner, but would eat perhaps more heartily of a coarse one-boiled beef or veal pie; fish he seldom passed over, though he said that he only valued the sauce, and that every body eat the first as a vehicle for the second. When he poured oyster sauce over plum pudding, and the melted butter flowing from the toast into his chocolate, one might surely say that he was nothing less than delicate.". Piozzi MS.-ED.]

1 [The editor suspects that " Washington" is printed by mistake for "Worthington." General Washington was yet hardly known, and Dr. Worthington, a literary friend of Dr. Johnson's, was resident in a Welsh living not distant, and which the party afterwards visited. See post, 8th Sept.-ED.]

2

[F. G. are the printer's signatures, by which it appears that at this time five sheets had already been printed. The MS. was sent to press 11th June.DUPPA.]

3 [Sic, no doubt an error for K.-Kádagois dgasıxǹ.-See ante, 17th July. -ED.]

4 [Dr. Johnson meant, that the words of the Latin version, " dixit injustus," prefixed to the 36th Psalm (one of those appointed for the day), had no relation to the English version in the Liturgy: "My heart showeth me the wickedness of the ungodly." The biblical version, however, has some accordance with the Latin, "The transgression of the wicked saith within my heart ;" and Bishop Lowth

Preserve us, Lord', has the name of Robert Wise- Tour to dome, 1618. Barker's Bible1.

Battologiam ab iteratione, recte distinguit Erasmus. Mod. Orandi Deum, p. 56, 144°.

Southwell's Thoughts of his own Death3.
Baudius on Erasmus.

Monday, 8th August.-The bishop and much company dined at Lleweney-Talk of Greek and the army-The Duke of Marlborough's officers

renders it "The wicked man, according to the wickedness of his heart, saith." The biblical version of the Psalms was made by the translators of the whole Bible, under James I., from the original Hebrew, and is closer than the version used in the Liturgy, which was made in the reign of Henry VIII. from the Greek.-ED.]

' [This alludes to "a Prayer by R. W." (evidently Robert Wisedom), which Mr. Ellis, of the British Museum, has found among the Hymns which follow the old version of the singing psalms, at the end of Barker's Bible of 1639. It begins,

"Preserve us, Lord, by thy dear word,
From Turk and Pope, defend us, Lord!
Which both would thrust out of his throne

Our Lord Jesus Christ, thy deare son."-ED.]

2 [In allusion to our Saviour's censure of vain repetition in prayer (battologia-Matt. c. vi. v. 7). Erasmus, in the passage cited, defends the words "My God! my God!" as an expression of justifiable earnestness.-ED.]

3 [This alludes to Southwell's stanzas "Upon the Image of Death," in his Mæonia, a collection of spiritual poems.

"Before my face the picture hangs,

That daily should put me in mind
Of those cold names and bitter pangs
That shortly I am like to find;

But, yet, alas! full little I

Do think thereon that I must die," &c.

Robert Southwell was an English jesuit, who was imprisoned, tortured, and finally, in Feb. 1598, tried in the King's Bench, convicted, and next day executed, for teaching the Roman Catholic tenets in England.-ED.]

4 [This work, which Johnson was now reading, was, most probably, a little book, entitled Baudi Epistola, as, in his Life of Milton, he has made a quotation from it. Speaking of Milton's religious opinions, when he is supposed to have vacillated between Calvinism and Arminianism, he observes, “What Baudius says of Erasmus seems applicable to him, magis habuit quod fugeret quam quod sequeretur."-DUPPA.]

5 [During Johnson's stay at this place, Mrs. Thrale gives this trait of his character: "When we went into Wales together, and spent some time at Mr. Cotton's at Lleweney, one day at dinner, I meant to please Mr. Johnson particularly with a dish of very young peas. Are not they charming?' said I to him, while he was eating them. Perhaps they would be so-to a pig.' This is given only as an instance of the peculiarity of his manner, and which had in it no intention to offend.-DUPPA. This last observation was suggested by Mrs. Piozzi to Mr. Duppa, and was by her intended as a kind of apology against Boswell's complaint, that she told these kind of stories with the malevolent intention of depreciating Johnson.-ED.]

Wales.

Wales.

Tour to useless-Read Phocylidis, distinguished the paragraphs-I looked in Leland: an unpleasant book of mere hints3-Lichfield school ten pounds, and five pounds from the hospital".

Wednesday, 10th August.-At Lloyd's, of Maesmynnan; a good house, and a very large walled garden-I read Windus's Account of his Journey to Mequinez, and of Stewart's Embassy-I had read in the morning Wasse's Greek Trochaics to Bentley; they appear inelegant, and made with difficulty-The Latin elegy contains only common-place, hastily expressed, so far as I have read, for it is long-They seem to be the verses of a scholar, who has no practice of writing-The Greek I did not always fully understand-I am in doubt about the sixth and last paragraphs; perhaps they are not printed right, for ἔυτοκον perhaps ἔυστοχον. q?The following days [11th, 12th, and 13th], I read here and there-The Bibliotheca Literaria was so little supplied with papers that could interest curiosity, that it could not hope for long continuance-Wasse, the chief contributor, was an unpolished scholar, who, with much literature, had no art or elegance of diction, at least in English.

Sunday, 14th August.-At Bodfari I heard the second lesson read, and the sermon preached in Welsh.

1 [Dr. Shipley had been a chaplain with the Duke of Cumberland, and pro-" bably now entertained Dr. Johnson with some anecdotes collected from his military acquaintance, by which Johnson was led to conclude that the "Duke of Marlborough's officers were useless ;" that is, that the duke saw and did every thing himself; a fact which, it is presumed, may be told of all great captains. -ED.]

2 [The title of the poem is Пoinua vedetixov.-DUPPA.]

3 [Leland's Itinerary, published by Thomas Hearne, in nine very thin octavo volumes, 1710.-DUPPA.]

4 [An extract from Leland.-ED.]

5 [This book is entitled "A Journey to Mequinez, the Residence of the present Emperor of Fez and Morocco, on the Occasion of Commodore Stewart's Embassy thither, for the Redemption of the British Captives, in the Year 1721." 8vo.-DUPPA.]

[The Bibliotheca Literaria was published in London, 1722-4, in quarto numbers, but only extended to ten numbers.-DUPPA.]