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trumps from your partner, when you are to finesse your ten, in order to win the knave.

33. When you have queen, knave, nine, and one small trump, begin with the queen, in order to prevent the ten from making a trick.

34. When you have knave, ten, and two small trumps, begin with a small one, for the reason assigned in No. 15.

35. When you have knave, ten, eight, and one sinall trump, begin with the knave, in order to prevent the nine from making a trick

36. When you have ten, nine, eight, and one small trump, begin with the ten, which leaves it in your part. ner's discretion whether he will pass it or not.

37. When you have ten, and three small trumps, begin with a small one.

EIGHT PARTICULAR RULES.

1. When you have ace, king, and four small trumps, with a good suit, play three rounds of trumps, otherwise you are in danger of having your strong suit trumped.

2. When you have king, queen, and four small trumps, with a good suit, trump out with the king: because, when you have the lead again, you will have three rounds of trumps.

3. When you have king, queen, ten, and three small trumps with a good suit, trump out with the king, in hopes of the knave's falling at the second round; and do not wait to finesse the ten, lest your strong suit should be trumped.

4. When you have queen, knave, and three small trumps, with a good suit, you must trump out with a small one.

5. When you have queen, knave, nine, and two small trumps, with a good suit, trump out with the queen, in hopes that the ten will fall at the second round; and so not wait to finesse the nine, but trump out a second time, for the reason assigned in No. 3.

6. When you have knave, ten, and three small trumps, with a good suit, trump out with a small one.

7. When you have knave, ten, eight, and two small trumps, with a good suit, trump out with the knave, in hopes that the nine will fall at the second round.

8. When you have ten, nine, eight, and one small trump, with a good suit, trump out with the ten.

PARTICULAR GAMES.

Games whereby you are assured that your partner has no more of the suit played either by yourself or him ; with Observations.

1. Suppose you lead from queen, ten, nine, and two small cards of any suit, the second hand puts on the knave, your partner plays the eight; in this case, you having queen, ten, and nine, it is a demonstration, if he plays well, that he can have no more of that suit. By this discovery, therefore, you may play your game accordingly, either by forcing him to trump that suit, if you are strong in trumps, or by playing some other suit.

2. Suppose you have king, queen, and ten of a suit, and you lead your king, your partner plays the knave, this clearly demonstrates that he has no more of that

suit.

3. Suppose you have king, queen, and several more of a suit, and you begin with the king; in some cases it is good play in your partner, when he has the ace, and only one sinall card in that suit, to win his partner's king with his ace; for suppose he is very strong in trumps, by taking his partner's king with his ace, he trumps out, and after he has cleared the board of trumps, he returns his partner's lead; and having parted with the ace of that suit, he has made room for his partner to make that whole suit; which possibly could not have been done, if he had kept the command in his hand.

4. And supposing his partner has no other good cara in his hand beside that suit, he loses nothing by the ace's taking his king; but if it should so happen that he has a good card to bring in that suit, he gains all the tricks which he makes in that suit, by this method of play. And as your partner has taken your king with the ace, and trumps out upon it; you have reason to suppose he has one of that suit to return you: therefore do not throw away any of that suit, even to keep a king or queen guarded.

Games both to endeavour to deceive and distress your adversaries, and to demonstrate your game to your partner.

1. Suppose I play the ace of a suit of which I have ace, king, and three small ones; the last player does not

choose to trump it, having none of the suit; if I am not strong enough in trumps, I must not play out the king, but keep the command of that suit in my hand by playing a small one; which I must do in order to weaken his game.

2. If a suit is led, of which I have none, and there is a great probability that my partner has not the best of that suit, in order to deceive the adversary, I throw away my strong suit; but to clear up doubts to my partner when he has the lead, I throw away my weak suit. This method of play will generally succeed, unless with very good players; and even with them you will more frequently gain than lose by this method of play Particular games to be played by which you run the risk of losing one trick only to gain three.

1. Suppose clubs to be trumps, a heart is played by your adversary; your partner having none of that suit, throws away a spade; you are then to judge that his hand is composed of trumps and diamonds; and suppose you win that trick, and being too weak in trumps, you dare not force him; and suppose you should have king, knave, and one small diamond, and further, suppose your partner to have queen, and five diamonds; in that case, by throwing out your king in your first lead, and your knave in your second, your partner and you may win five tricks in that suit; whereas if you had led a small diamond, and your partner's queen having been won with the ace, the king and knave remaining in your hand obstructs the suit; and though he may have the long trump, yet by playing the small diamond, and his long trump having been forced out of his hand, you lose by this method of play three tricks in that deal.

2. Suppose in the like case of the former, you should have queen, ten, and one small card in your partner's strong suit, (which is to be discovered by the former example,) and suppose your partner to have knave and five small cards in his strong suit; you have the lead, are to play your queen; and when you play again you are to play your ten; and suppose him to have the long trump, by this method he makes four tricks in that suit.

3. In the above examples you are supposed to have the lead, and by that means have had an opportunity of throwing out the best cards in your hand of your partner's strong suit, in order to make room for the whole

suit; we will now suppose your partner is to lead, and in the course of play it appears to you that your partner nas one great suit; suppose ace, king, and four small ones, and that you have queen, ten, nine, and a very small one of that suit; when your partner plays the ace, you are to play the nine; when he plays the king, you are to play the ten; by which means you see, in the third round you make your queen, and having a small one remaining, you do not obstruct your partner's great suit; whereas, if you had kept your queen and ten, and the knave had fallen from the adversaries, you had lost two tricks.

4. If, as in the former case, you find your partner has one great suit, and that you have king, ten, and a small one of that suit; your partner leads the ace, in that case play your ten, and in the second your king: this method is to prevent a possibility of obstructing your partner's great suit.

5. If your partner has ace, king, and four small cards in his great suit, and you have queen, ten, and a small card in that suit: when he plays his ace, play your ten, and when he plays his king, play your queen; by which method of play, you only risk one trick to get four. Particular games to be played when either of your adversaries turns up an honour.

1. If the knave is turned up on your right hand, and you have king, queen, and ten; in order to win the knave, begin to play with your king: by this play, your partner will suppose you have queen and ten remaining; especially if you have a second lead, and do not proceed to your queen.

2. If the knave is turned up as before, and you have ace, queen, and ten, play the queen, which answers the purpose of the above rule.

3. If the queen is turned up on your right hand, and you have ace, king, and knave, by playing the king, it also answers the purpose of the above rule.

4. If an honour is turned up on your left hand, and you should hold no honour, in that case, play trumps through that honour; but in case you should hold an honour, (except the ace) be cautious how you play trumps, because in case your partner holds no honour, your adversary will play your own game upon you.

A case to demonstrate the danger of forcing your

partner.

Suppose you have a quint-major in trumps, with a quint-major and three small cards of another suit, and have the lead; if your adversaries have only five trumps in either hand, in this case you will win every trick.

On the contrary, suppose your left hand adversary has five small trumps, with a quint-major and three small cards of another suit, and that he has the lead, and forces you to trump first, you will win only five tricks.

A case to demonstrate the advantage to be gained by a Saw.

Suppose A and B partners, and that A has a quartmajor in clubs, they being trumps, another quart-major in hearts, another quart-major in diamonds, and the ace of spades. And let us suppose that the adversaries C and D to have the following cards; viz. C has four trumps, eight hearts and one spade; D has five trumps and eight diamonds; C being to lead, plays a heart, D trumps it; D plays a diamond, C trumps it; and thus, pursuing the saw, each partner trumps a quart-major of A's, and C being to play at the ninth trick, plays a spade, which D trumps: thus C and D have won the nine first tricks, and leave A with his quart-major in trumps only.

This case shows, that whenever you can establish a saw, it is your interest to embrace it.

Directions for putting up at second hand, King, Queen, Knave, or Ten, of any suit, &c.

1. Suppose you have the king, and one small card of any suit, and your right hand adversary plays that suit; if he is a good player, do not put up the king, unless you want the lead; because a good player seldom leads from a suit of which he has the ace, but keeps it in his hand (after the trumps are played out) in order to bring in his strong suit.

2. If you have a queen, and one small card of any suit, and your right hand adversary leads that suit, do not put on the queen: because, suppose the adversary has led from the ace and knave, in that case, upon the return of that suit, your adversary finesses the knave,

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