207. Arrives in the United States, 223. Is congratulated by Washing- ton on his return, 227. Rumor of his capture by the Algerines, 230. Of a proposed edition of his writings and his Memoirs, 210. Is elected Presi- dent of Pennsylvania, 245. His do- mestic circumstances in 1786, 251. His occupations and amusements, 257. Inquires of Mr. Grand concerning a million of livres advanced by the French government, 265. Dissuades Thomas Paine from publishing an irre- ligious work, 281. The million of livres advanced by France supposed by him to have been paid to Beaumarchais, 285. His personal circumstances, 301. Is again elected President of Penn- sylvania, 303. His reminiscences of some of his friends, 304. His kind- ness to his sister, 326. Is elected President a third time, 337. Progress of his Memoirs, 368, 393, 397. His account of his public labors and their compensation, 363. Sketch of his services to the United States, 371. Asks for a settlement of his accounts, 375; which are unsettled at his death, 378. The only credit claimed by him in reference to the Parable against Persecution, 401. Stuber's Continuation of his Autobiography, 404. His religious opinions, 4:23. His explanation of the advance of a mil. lion of livres by France, 441. Franklin family, account of the, I. 539. Genealogy of the, 546.
FRANKLIN, JAMES, brother of Benja- min, who is bound to him as an ap- prentice, I. 16. Publishes the New England Courant, 22. Proceedings of the Assembly of Massachusetts against him, 24. Is prohibited from printing the paper, 25. Differences between the brothers, 26. His death, 28. Their reconciliation, 128.
FRANKLIN, JANE, acrostic on her name, VII. 183. See MECOM, JANE. FRANKLIN, JOHN, notice of his death, VII. 112.
FRANKLIN, JOSIAH, father of Benjamin, his removal to New England, I. 7. Described, 11. His character, 12. His monument, 13, 14.
FRANKLIN, PETER, brother of Benja- min, his death, VII. 309. FRANKLIN, SAMUEL. VII. 347. FRANKLIN, SARAH, Franklin's daughter, advice to, VII. 267. Of her marriage to Mr. Bache, 346. See BACHE, SARAH. FRANKLIN, THOMAS, uncle of Benja- min, his character, I. 5. VII. 179. FRANKLIN, WILLIAM, account of, by his father, VII. 42. Mr. Strahan's
notice of him, 158. His interest in Walpole's Grant, 354. Is appointed Governor of New Jersey, 242. His relations with his father, X. 121. FRANKLIN, WILLIAM TEMPLE, his ac- count of the origin of the Principles of Trade, II. 383. Scheme for remov- ing him from the office of Franklin's private secretary, VIII. 372, 374. Re- commended by Franklin to Congress, IX. 6. Again, X. 49. Mentioned, 86, 88, 89. Applies himself to agricul- ture, 251, 258, 299.
Franklin, a new State of the name of, X. 260. Its name and condition, X. 266, 290.
Franklin, town of, present of books by Franklin to the, X. 158, 182. Franklin Stove, account of the, VI. 34. Description of the, 52. Saving of wood by the, 54. Its other advanta ges, 55. Difference between it and
the Dutch stove, 56. Its utility in preventing the consumption of wood, 59. How set up, 60.
Free Ships make Free Goods, equitable. ness of the rule, VIII. 458. Asserted by several of the European courts, 463, 466, 467. Established by the Armed Neutrality, 490.
French Army, in America, suggestion that they be furnished with provisions there, VIII. 521.
French Language, its universality, X.
French Peasant, manuscript of a, in respect to treaties, IX. 360. FREY, Baron de, introduced to Wash- ington, VIII. 221.
Fusion of metals by lightning, reasons for believing that it is cold, V. 240. This idea rejected, 374. Not a cold, VI. 257.
Future State, remarks in regard to a, X. 149, 174.
GABRIEL OF BOURBON, Prince, account of his version of Sallust, VIII. 167. GAGE, THOMAS, General, his conduct towards the citizens of Boston, II. 502. His protection of the Indians, IV. 77. His letters referred to, on the subject of colonization, 361. His proceedings as Governor of Massachusetts in 1774, VIII. 133. His conduct after the affair at Lexington, 153. His perfidy to- wards the people of Boston, 156. Gain, definition of, in its relation to trade, II. 388.
GALLATIN, ALBERT, introduced to Franklin, VIII. 454. GALLOWAY, JOSEPH, preface to the
speech of, on the subject of a petition to the King for changing the proprie- tary government of Pennsylvania in- to a royal one. Circumstances under which it was written, IV. 101. Biog- raphical notice of, VII. 276. His re- marks relative to a memorial of the merchants of Philadelphia, 302. His commendation of Franklin for his agency in procuring the repeal of the Stamp Act, VII. 318. Franklin's con- fidence in his good wishes, VIII. 102. His plan of a union of the colonies with Great Britain transmitted to Eng- land, 144. Its objectionable charac- ter, 145. Loss of Franklin's papers left in charge of, IX. 79. Same sub- ject, X. 122.
GAMBIER, Commodore, his discreet con- duct in America, VII. 547.
GARDOQUI, appointed minister from Spain to the United States, X. 140. His disposition, 141.
Gavelkind, benefit of the law of, X. 205. GEBELIN, ANTOINE COUR DE, notice of, IX. 27.
GENLIS, Madame de, her writings men- tioned, IX. 230.
Gentleman's Magazine, its notice of Franklin's Examination, VII. 328. Geometry, utility of, II. 67.
GEORGE THE THIRD, his political stud- ies, VIII. 283. See King of Great Britain and Great Britain. Georgia, account of parliamentary grants for, IV. 369. Her accession to the confederacy, V. 85. Franklin ap- pointed agent of, 410. Address of her Assembly to the King, quoted, 425. Of land claims in, 526. GERARD, introduced to R. Peters, VIII. 221. His appointment as minister of France to the United States, 257. GERMAIN, GEORGE, Lord, his hostility to the colonies, VIII. 171. Approves Lord North's conciliatory bill, 245. Germans, their character and habits in Pennsylvania, VII. 71. Their rapid emigration to this country, 72. German Stove, account of the, VI. 44. Germany, commercial jealousy of the States of, IV. 29. Franklin's sugges tion of making a tour in, VII. 320. His visit to, 326. Conduct of princes of, in sending troops to America, con- demned, VIII. 215. Character of the Emperor of, X. 165.
GILLON, Commodore, commissioned to procure ships of war for South Caro- lina, VIII. 287. His difficulty with William Jackson, IX. 54. Ginseng, American, referred to, VII. 15. Glass, its electrical qualities, V. 200. The force of the Leyden bottle con-
sists in the, 201. Great quantity of electric fire in, 208. Accumulation of the electric fire proved to be in the, 223. Impossibility of forcing the electric fluid through, 242. The fluid strongly attracted by, 244. Reasons of the electrical quality of, 245. Dif- ference between non-electrics and, 250. Difference between the electric- ity of a globe of, charged, and a globe of sulphur, 273. Probable cause of the difference, 275. Reasons for sup posing that the globe of, charges posi tively, 280. Difference in the quali ties of, 348. Of the pores of, 349. Its impermeability, 356. Experiments on, 367. Description of a singular tube of, 424. On choosing, for the Leyden experiment, 453. Its quali- ties, 454. And solvents, 454. Wheth- er there may not be some which con- ducts electricity, 455. On the break- ing of, in the Leyden experiment, 460. Perforation of, when overcharged, 474. Respecting its density, 478. Glaucon, Dialogue between Socrates and, respecting public men, II. 57. Gnadenhutten, Franklin's account of his military operations at, I. 199. His situation at, VII. 105. March of troops to, 106. Fort built at, 107. Number and position of the troops at, 109.
GOD, Lecture on the Providence of, in the Government of the World, II. 525. His goodness shown, 526. His power, 527.
GODFREY, THOMAS, inventor of the quadrant, I. 81.
Godsend, or the Wreckers, extract from a supposed farce of, VIII. 318. GooKIN, CHARLES, Ssucceeds Evans as Governor of Pennsylvania, some par- ticulars of his conduct, III. 185. GORDON, WILLIAM, his remarks on Galloway's plan of union, VIII. 145. Gout, Dialogue between Franklin and the, II. 194. Mode of relieving the pain of, VIII. 481. Government, Essays on, II. 278, 282. Fitness of popular, 279. Roman views of, 280; 282.
Governors, Franklin's proposition rela- tive to the appointment of, for the colonies, V. 23. Why they should not be paid by the crown, 545. Grain, of bounties on, II. 403. Policy of France in regard to such bounties, 406.
GRAND, SIR GEORGE, opens a letter of M. Dumas, VIII. 448. GRAND, F., misunderstanding between the American commissioners as to the mode of drawing on, VIII. 272. Rec-
ognised as American banker at Paris, IX. 68. His explanation respecting the million of francs advanced by France, X. 271.
Grand Council, constituted under the plan of union in 1754, III. 39. Its place of meeting, 41. New election and proportion of its members, 42. Of its meeting, 44. And continuance, and compensation of members, 45. Its power, 46. Quorum of, how con- stituted, 52.
Grass, cultivation of, in meadows, VI. 83. Method of sowing, 84. Gravel, remedies for the, VII. 14. GRAVES, declines the offer of being governor of Pennsylvania, VII. 171. Gravitation, some remarks on, VI. 461. Great Britain, compared with the Uni- ted States in regard to the basis of credit, II. 426. Her interest consid- ered in regard to the acquisition of Guadaloupe and to her colonies, IV. 1. More benefited by the blood and treasure spent in the American wars, than the colonies, 17. The colonies, the frontier of her empire, 20. Ben- efits resulting to, from their growth, 24. Extent of her trade with Penn- sylvania, 39. The colonies not dan- gerous in their nature to, and why, 41. Importance of Guadaloupe to, over-valued, 49. Franklin's letter concerning the probability and effect of a union of the colonies with, 156. Wars in the colonies not carried on at her expense alone, 157. Extent to which her system of law is recog- nised in the colonies, 271. Taxation in, 300. Rental of land in, 301. The colonies not settled at her expense, V. 84. On the benefit of a consoli- dating union between the colonies and, VII. 334. Their independence predicted, 522. Submission of the col- onies rendered impracticable by her treatment of them, VIII. 223. Can make no treaty with the United States, without including France, 301. Of a truce between the United States and, 332. Her injustice as respects the exchange of prisoners, 435. Scheme of a federal union between the United States and, 508. Causes of jealousy between France and, IX. 164. Her policy to separate France and the Uni- ted States, 189. Change of ministry in, 200, 202. Proposes to France to make a separate treaty, 205. Offers her Canada as an inducement to treat, 210. Separate commissioners appoint. ed by, to negotiate treaties of peace, 345. Substance of the preliminary articles of peace between France and,
GREENE, CATHERINE, her marriage, VII. 244.
GREENE, NATHANAEL, General, his military services in South Carolina, IX. 95.
GREGORY, his remarks on colds quoted, VI. 393.
Grenada, government of, as erected by royal proclamation, IV. 375. GRENVILLE, GEORGE, his proposal to raise a revenue in America, VII. 339. His extravagances in Parliament, 369. Anecdote of, 372. His sentiments respecting American affairs, 549. GRENVILLE, THOMAS, sent by Mr. Fox to Paris respecting the negotiation of a treaty of peace, IX. 267. Is intro- duced by him to Franklin, 271. His conversation with Count de Ver- gennes, 273 Declares himself com- missioned to treat with France and her allies, 297. His commission in terms applicable to France only, 299. Ex- plains the character of his commis- sion, 305. Receives authority to treat with France and her allies, 310. Pro- fesses to have received full powers to treat, 331. By whom commissioned, 336. His faith doubted by Count de Vergennes, 338.
GREW, THEOPHILUS, noticed, VII. 63. GRIFFITH, HANNAH, her lines on Franklin quoted, VII. 270. GRONOVIUS, his remark on Franklin's account of the Pennsylvania fireplace, VI. 64.
Guadaloupe, interest of Great Britain considered in regard to the acquisition of, IV. 1. Importance of retaining, 23. Her merits to Great Britain, over- valued, 49.
Gulf Stream, its effect on the motion of vessels, V1. 485. How generated 486. Its temperature, 487. Tables of observations of the temperature in crossing the, 498. Chart of the, 504. Gunpowder, mode of firing, by the elec- tric fluid, V. 225.
Hackney Couches in London, mention- ed, VII. 143. Hail always draws down the electrical fire, V. 337. Suggestion as to the
HALDIMAND, General, his account of the resolution of the colonies relative to tea, IV. 506.
HALES, STEPHEN, his suggestion re- specting ventilation, VI. 310. HALL, DAVID, becomes Franklin's part- ner in business, I. 161. Account of, VI. 30. Again referred to, VII. 29. HALLOWELL, Coinmissioner, ineffectual attempts to arrest, VIII. 134. HAMILTON, ANDREW, acts as deputy- governor of Pennsylvania, III. 158. HAMILTON, JAMES, Governor of Penn- sylvania, his message to the Assembly relative to the bill restraining the use of paper in the northern colonies, III. 213. Negatives a bill for the issue of additional paper, 217. Message of the Assembly to, on again sending up the currency bill, 226. Another message to, respecting Indians affairs, 229. Accepts the currency bill with amendments, 231. Which are rejected by the Assembly, 232. Calls on the Assembly for a levy and supplies in consequence of the French war, 255. His assent requested to the currency bill, 257. His message relative to the paper-money instructions, 259. Bill of the Assembly for an aid to the King returned by him with amend. ments, 267. Proceedings of the As- sembly thereon, 268. His reply, 270. Paper-money bill rejected by him, 280. His appointment alluded to, VII. 34. Difficulty with, in regard to the taxation of the estate of the Proprietors, 172.
HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM, VI. 373. His experiment on the torpedo, 374. HANBURY, the grant to him and others of lands on the Ohio, IV. 336. HANDEL, some defects in the musical compositions of, noticed, VI. 270. Happiness, in what consists true, II. 70. Verses on, addressed to Abbé de la Roche, 220.
HARRISON, BENJAMIN, Governor of Vir- ginia, requests Franklin to engage an artist for a statue of Washington, X. 116.
HARTMANN, JOHN F., his compliment to Franklin, VII. 326. HARTLEY, DAVID, his exertions in fa- vor of reconciliation between the Uni- ted States and Great Britain, VIII. 175. His efforts to relieve American prisoners, 234. His secret mission with propositions for peace, 267. His conversation with Franklin on the subject, 268. His suggestion as to the mode of procuring peace, 301.
His proposal of a truce between the United States and Great Britain, 332; and suggestion of a plan of negotia- tion, 336 Franklin's comment on his
plan, 346. His plan for securing theatres from fire, IX. 112. His ac- count of proceedings for promoting negotiations for peace, 118. His in- terview with Lord North on the sub- ject, 121. Misapprehension in regard to his conciliatory propositions cor- rected by Franklin, 149. His breviate laid before the British ministry, 216. His interview with Lord Shelburne, 294. Before whom he lays prelim inaries of peace, 296. Proposes to Franklin a commercial convention, 416. His Supplemental Treaty men- tioned, 505. Suggests some supposed defects of form in ratifying the treaty of peace, X. 96. His objections refut- ed, 97.
Harvard College, present of Franklin to, V. 363. Respecting a telescope and books for, VI. 305. Havana, on the capture of, VII. 243. HAWLEY, JOSEPH, VIII. 99. Health, Franklin's rules of, II. 86. Heart, on the motion of blood in the, VI. 68. Dilatation of the ventricles of the, 70. Heat produced by the action of the, 98.
Heat produced by electricity in passing through substances, but not always, and why, V. 374. Its effect in ren- dering glass permeable by electricity, 381. Evidence that it is produced by electricity, 389. Its effect upon air, VI. 36. Relative to conductors of, and their qualities, 205. Imbibed from the sun's rays by cloth of different colors, 257. Remarks on conductors of, VI. 439. Suggestion that it was originally in a fluid state, 447. La- voisier's experiments on, IX. 228, 235. Hedges, Franklin's inquiries relative to the mode of planting, VI. 111. HELVETIUS, Madame, dream addressed to, in French, II. 202. The same translated, 204. Petition of the Cats to, in French, 206. Translation of the same, 214. Her cats, X. 317. Hemp, fitness of the soil of the Ohio for its production, IV. 350. Amount of, imported, 351.
HEMPHILL, a preacher, controversy re- specting, I. 125.
HENDRICK, the Mohawk chief, his speech at the meeting of the commis- sioners of the colonies at Albany, quoted, III. 22.
HENRY THE SEVENTH, his policy in re- gard to libel, II. 287. Hereditary, ironical suggestion to ren
der offices of state, X. 55. Why es- tates should not be, 99. HERSCHEL, WILLIAM, elected a mem- ber of the American Philosophical Society, VI. 569.
Hessians, recommendation of Congress, that papers be distributed among the, VIII. 185.
HEWSON, MARY, X. 256. See STE- VENSON, MARY.
HEWSON, WILLIAM, brief notice of, VII. 151. Franklin's remarks on his proposal of marriage to Miss Steven- son, 471. His death and character, VIII. 121.
High Church Factor, anecdote of a, X. 170.
HILLSBOROUGH, Lord, his conduct re- lative to Walpole's grant, IV. 302. His view in regard to inland colonies in America, 315. Evidence of his views afforded by his conduct, 358. Brief account of his administration, 523. His plan for dissolving the American parliaments, 530. His char- acter, VII. 378. His conversations with Franklin, on the subject of paper money, 381. His plan for defence in America, 390. His opinion of the Farmer's Letters, 391. Restored to office, 411. Objects to Franklin's ap- pointment as agent for Massachusetts, 503. His character, 506. His inter- view with Franklin on the subject of that appointment, 507. Character of his measures, 529. His meeting with Franklin in Ireland and courtesy to him, 556, 564, 565. His removal, VIII. 10. Refuses to receive Frank lin, 13. His removal again mention- ed, 18. Anecdote of, 75.
Hints for a Reply to the Protests of certain Members of the House of Lords against the repeal of the Stamp Act, IV. 206.
Historical Reviews of the Constitution and Government of Pennsylvania, cir- cumstances under which it was writ- ten, III. 106. Introduction to the, 112. Details respecting the author- ship, VII. 208.
HODGSON, WILLIAM, VIII. 415. Rec- ommended as consul in London, X. 50.
HOLDERNESSE, Lord, his letter to the governor of Pennsylvania, III. 251. Holland, benefits and disadvantages of the iron stoves used in, VI. 43. Frank- lin's tour in, VII. 229. Loan of the United States in, guarantied by the King of France, VIII.355. Her rela- tions with England, 389. Of a treaty between the United States and, 452. Her hostile demonstrations against
England, 464. Of American affairs in, 519,522. Difficulty of procuring a loan in, IX. 19. Franklin stops the pay- ment of money in, 48, 49. Little aid to be expected from, 69. Impolicy of the large purchases made in, 102. Of the loan in, 147. Movement in, favorable to the United States, 188, 202. Cessation of arms offered by Great Britain to, 206. Her disposi tion towards the United States, 233. Difficulty respecting a loan in, 261. Russian mediation offered to, 317. Declined, 331.
HOLLIS, THOMAS, his memoirs and character, X. 21.
HOMER, his Odyssey quoted, relative to the duty of hospitality, IV. 63; and treatment of a captive enemy, 64.
Honesty, importance of, VII. 143. Honors, of ascending and descending, X. 59.
Hope, remarks on, VII. 184. HOPKINS, Governor, his report on the population of Rhode Island, IV. 38. HOPKINSON, FRANCIS, his new game of cards mentioned, IX. 505. HOPKINSON, THOMAS, his discovery of the power of points to throw off the electrical fires, V. 182. Sketch of his life, VI. 87.
Horatio, Dialogue between Philocles and, concerning Virtue and Pleasure, II. 46. Second Dialogue on the same subject, 51.
Horse, value of the, in agriculture,
Horse-race, electrical, how contrived, V. 371.
HOSACK, DAVID, his memoir of Hugh Williamson quoted, relative to Hutch- inson's Letters, IV. 441. Hospital, Pennsylvania, Franklin's agency in founding, I. 164 – 167. Hospitals, imperfect ventilation of, VI. 315. Mention of several, 316. Par- ticulars relative to the ventilation of one in the island of Minorca, 317. Some remarks relative to, 386. Penn- sylvania referred to, VII. 314. For foundlings, X. 148, 174. HOUDETOT, Countess d', her fête in honor of Franklin, IX. 22. HOUDON, his statue of Washington, X. 117. Introduced to Washington, 218. House of Commons, extracts from the journals of the, relative to Franklin's examination, IV. 161. Their resolve for a grant to the colonists, 468. And for the imposition of duties, 469. Con- ciliatory bills rejected by the, in 1780, VIII. 480. Certain resolutions of the, alluded to, IX. 170. Their address to
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