soon went out of the city, and removed before long to Auburn, in accordance with the advice of friends.

But time brings strange changes. It is just that the present position of the chief actors in those scenes be noted. Dr. Cox has ceased to be an "agitator," and since 1850 has been a staunch defender of the "compromise measures," and is now a Vice-president of the "Southern Aid Society." Lewis Tappan and William Goodell have separated from the American Anti-slavery Society, and are now prominent supporters of the "American Abolition Society," which seeks the end of slavery through the political institutions of the country, as well as by moral means; while the Anti-slavery Society is consigned to Garrison, who would make "the exodus of the slave, over the ruins of the American Church and of the American Constitution." The Journal of Commerce has cleared its skirts of all taint of "Fanaticism," condemns all "slavery agitation," and saves the Union. The Courier and Enquirer supports the Republican party, which enlists most of the anti-slavery sentiment of the North; while Joshua Leavitt has clung to his position of 1833 with such immovable tenacity, that on-rolling public sentiment, at present so far from proclaiming him a "fanatic," is inclined to esteem him "the Conservative" among a corps of editors who control a leading religious newspaper.

CHARACTERISTICS.

We close with a brief criticism. Dr. Cox is a man of warm sensibilities, of ardent zeal, and great industry; and he is also a man of marked peculiarities of style and manner. He is one of those speakers whom to hear once is to know thoroughly. He displays himself frankly and unreservedly. The characteristics are so striking that one sees them at a glance, and would recognize them, robed and turbaned, in the desert of Sahara. His manner is earnest and forcible, indeed somewhat impetuous. He is faithful in probing the conscience and affecting in his appeals. He manifests deep solicitude in his preaching; and there is a sincerity and ardor in his whole

manner which touches the heart. He is vigorous in thought, and forcible in its presentation; and he always commands attention, not less by fervor of delivery than by exuberance of language and peculiar redundancy of remarkable words. He surpasses all in the outpouring of sentences, and in the abundance of quotations. His memory is wonderful, and he uses it without reserve. His quotations, though so profuse, are accurate, and remarkably appropriate; but he lacks logical order, or system of any kind; digressing, episoding, and returning upon his steps without law or method. As an example of his numerous episodes, we will allude to a sermon on the miracle of Christ, by which a woman was healed "who had an issue of blood twelve years, and had suffered many things of many physicians." In speaking of this last fact, he pressed the point that the woman "rather grew worse." Checking himself, however, he insisted that he meant no disrespect to the "Faculty," among whom he was happy to number" valued, and esteemed, and intelligent, and scientific friends;" and so proceeding, delivered a long and glowing eulogy of the medical profession; describing the eminence it had attained, and the obligations of men and science to its astounding discoveries. When speaking of the woman's perseverance in touching the garments of Christ, he said, "as an old Latin author magnificently observes, aut viam inveniam aut faciam,' or as the proverb expresses and eclaircises it- Where there's a will, there's a way.''

He himself says of his style, in the introduction to his principal

book

own.

"With respect to the style of this treatise, it is, perhaps, full of peculiarities, and those who know the writer will find them all his He is conscious also of their blemishes and faults. All he asks of the critic is to consider that the profession, on the score of taste, is quite as humble as the performance. A man should be himself at all times: peculiarities, eccentricities, and even inaccuracies, are more tolerable than mimicry, affectation, and false consequence."

Dr. Cox is not only remarkable for quotation, but he is especially remarkable for quoting Latin. The classics are ever on his tongue, without regard to audience, time, or place. He evidently thinks in

Latin, and such is the bent of his mind that he uses derivatives and basé Latinisms far more than Saxon words. But the very peculiarities to be condemned in a speaker make him the life of the social circle. Here there is no need of rigid logic or condensed discourse. With unfailing flow of words, animated manner, abundant wit, and excitable sympathies for one and all, he delights his companions by his illustrations, stories, and luxuriant expressions.

We think Dr. Cox has always suffered, more or less, from lack of stern discipline, both of heart and mind. He seems to have missed the advantages of thorough training, systematic elementary study, and, above all, the moulding influence which unceasingly radiates from the great good man, gently bowing the strength of youth to an attitude of reverence, humbling the pride of self-reliance, dispelling the conceit of boyish success, and transforming the presumption of impetuous youth into the docile spirit of the devout learner. For a long number of years he has been in public life; not only in the public life which the pulpit affords, a sphere somewhat walled up and exclusive, but in the wider, freer public life, which belongs to the speaker's platform and the publisher's press. During these many years he has neither been idle, nor retiring, nor silent. He has been an active, working man, whose voice is heard, and whose presence is felt wherever he is. His energy of character has ever urged him to the van, while his natural enthusiasm has inspired him to seize the standard and ring out the battle-cry. When the cool judgment of others reined them in, his zeal was spurring him on. While some prefer, in the retirement of the study, quietly to build up the life-character, he has been fashioning his by bustling work in all the turmoil of stirring life. He did not hew the stones and fit the beams for his temple afar off in the solitary mountains, "that neither hammer, nor axe, nor any tool of iron, should be heard in the house while it was in building," but with the rough logs and unshapen rocks brought to his hand, he has been hewing and chiselling and hammering and rearing on Zion's hill, surrounded by busy life, and gazed at by all the passers-by, both of Jews and of Gentiles. Hence his name is a familiar word among all classes. While the retiring student is known only to the literary circle, and

at some publishing house or bookseller's stall; while the humble, faithful pastor lives and dies the beloved shepherd of his flock, least known to others, most known to them; while the metaphysician moves among the stars of the literary firmament, recognized by the multitude only in some sleepy interval between days of work, as some wonderful and useless light in the mysterious distance; while almost every one has his favorite circle, Dr. Cox has in one way and another made himself heard and seen and felt throughout all classes. He is known in the literary world as the author of a large work entitled, "Quakerism not Christianity," and of several small and less important essays. He is distinguished in the religious world, not only as the theologian and divine, but also as a prime mover in the agitation of 1837, followed by the division of the Presbyterian Church; as a leading promoter of the Evangelical Alliance; as a professor in a Theological Seminary; as a lecturer upon Sacred History; and, finally, as a strong New School Presbyterian.

By his active participation in the cause of Temperance, his zeal in behalf of the Colonization Society, the Anti-slavery Society, and the Compromise measures successively, and by his prompt devotion to other great movements of the day, he has intertwined his interests with those of a large class of individuals who would perhaps be included in neither of the foregoing divisions. Finally, he is known and valued as the racy conversationist, the choice companion, and the faithful friend.

Yet, as Job says, "great men are not always wise;" and ardent men are not always safe. While the highest eulogium should be paid to the energy, the perseverance, the courage, the benevolence, and the zeal of Dr. Cox, we often think of the advice which he says was once given him by a good Quaker friend: "Samuel, thy mind is too active; if thee wants peace, I can tell thee how to find it. Get still, get still, and thee shall come to know the hidden wisdom in the quiet of the flesh. I tell thee, my dear young friend, get still."

381

FRANCIS L. HAWKS.

"Learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians."

*THIS eminent pulpit orator of the Protestant Episcopal Church was born in North Carolina, at Newbern, June 10, 1798. His grandfather came with the colonial governor Tryon from England, and was employed as an architect in some of the prominent public works of the State, and was distinguished by his liberal opinions in the Revolution.

He was graduated at the University of North Carolina, and prosecuting the study of the law in the office of the Hon. William Gaston, was admitted to the bar at the age of twenty-one. He continued the practice of the law for several years in his native State, with distinguished success. A memorial of his career at this period is left to the public in his four volumes of "Reports of Decisions in the Supreme Court of North Carolina," 1820-26, and his "Digest of all the Cases decided and reported in North Carolina." In his twentythird year he was elected to the Legislature of his State.

His youth had been marked by its high tone of character, and his personal qualities and inclinations led him to the Church as his appropriate sphere. He was ordained by Bishop Ravenscroft, in 1827. His earliest ministerial duties were in charge of a congregation in New Haven. In 1829 he became the assistant minister of St. James's Church, Philadelphia, in which Bishop White was rector. The next year he was called to St. Stephen's Church in New York,

*For this biography we are indebted to "Cyclopedia of American Literature," by Evert A. Duyckinck and George L. Duyckinck; published by Charles Scribner.