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F.

FISH LOUSE, found on the coast of Worcester county,
correspondence respecting, with Doctor Mitchell,
Thomas Say, Governor Clinton, and Doctor J. S.
Spence, 129.

FISHERIES, on the value of, by J. Q. Adams, 41.
FISKE, Hon. Oliver, extracts from his address, 177.
-On the oak pruner, 204.

FISTULA of the withers, cure for, 35.

FLANDERS, on the agriculture of, 2.

FLAX, how steeped in Flanders, 25-on the prepara-

tion of, without rotting, by Roumage's machine,404.

FLAX-SEED JELLY, to fatten cattle, 260.

FLAX and hemp, of American growth, report on, by

the Secretary of the Navy, 363, 372, 368.

FLORIDA, condensed view of its climate, soil, produc-

tions, &c. &c., 186.

FLY, troublesome to sheep, how prevented, 35.

FOOD, for domestic animals, important experiments to
ascertain the best mode of preparing, by Tench
Tilghman, Esq. 394.

FRANKLIN, Doctor, on the usefulness of mathema-

ticks, 45.

-Institute, notice of, 145--premiums offered by, for
1825, 395, 403.

FRUIT, culpable inattention of farmers to the cultiva-

tion of, 5.

FRUIT TREES, how propagated in China, 14-on

ringing, 111--causes of the premature and sudden
decay of pear and apple trees, 121-on pruning,
391, 402.

APES, in chickens and turkeys, 71-in chickens, cause

of, 159-how to cure, 230.

GARLIC, machine for cleaning, cut of, 222.

GARDENING, calendar at Monticello, 72.

GATE, common one for farms, 142.

GENET, or "Cat of Constantinople," introduction of

recommended, 203.

GIRARDIN, L. H., botanical communication, 69, 86,

100, 116.

-On the principal gramina, &c. 98, 157.

-Botanical communication on grasses, 125, 132.
GRAIN, early cutting of recommended, 198.
GRAPES, on the culture of, 62-culture, profit of, 88-

on the culture of, by J. Adlum, 123, 301-on the
culture of, with a drawing, 118-valuable native
one, 199-on the culture of, by Timothy Matlack,
329 on the culture of, by T. M'Call, 369-on the
culture of, by Col. W. Potter and J. Adlum, 397.
GRAVELLING of the horse's hoof, to prevent or cure,

GREASE, in the horse's foot, 59.

59.

GREENE county Agricultural Society, 69.
GUANO, a manure used in South America, brought by
Midshipman Bland, 316.

GUNS, how to clean, 359.

GYPSUM, on the use of, by H. V. Somerville, 73.

HAWS or hooks, in horses, Haslam on, 75.

HAY, queries on salting, 230.

HEALTH, rules for preserving, 77, 84, 94, 101, 109,

126-Doct. Boerhave's rules for preserving, 112.

-Rules for preserving in the West Indies, 356.
HELLEBORE, caution to be observed in the use of, 148.
HEMP and flax, of American growth,, reported on by
the Hon. Secretary of the Navy, 362, 372, 378.
HERBEMONTE sends Egyptian mullet seed, 40.
HILDRETH, S. P., on the climate, soil, &c. of Ohio, 11.
HILL SIDE and horizontal ploughing, correspondence
respecting, 355.

HIVES for bees, plan of improved one at Charlies'

hope, 114.

HOGS, Hayfield's pen of, 331-Hayfield's pen beaten
in Pennsylvania and in Essex, Massachusetts, 355.
-Account of Skinner's English breed, 372.

HOLDICH, B., on rotation of crops, 173.

HOLKHAM, agriculture of, 243.

HOLLOW HORN in cattle, Haslam on, 75.
HOOFCASTING, 9.

HOOF CONTRACTED, disease of in horses, 110.
HORTICULTURAL Society of New York, election of
officers and other proceedings, 194-election of
their officers, 209-addressed by Doct. Hosack, 209.

HORSES, blooded, list of Mr. Randolph's, 20—Law-

rence on the age of, 28-foot, on the structure of,

35 stud, of one owned by Col. Tayloe, 50-disease

of, called "bighead," 99-for the turf, instances of

high prices paid for in England, 160-how to cure

the cholic of, 415.

-foot on the structure of, 35.

-And oxen on the comparative value of, 388.

HOSACK, Doctor, addresses Horticultural Society of

New York, 209.

HYDROPHOBIA, curious cure of, 376.

317.

-Of England, 327.

IMPROVED Short Horns, their qualities, &c.,
INDIAN corn, on the culture of, 410.
INDIGESTION, propti diet in vuso of, 55.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS, report on by the Hon.
J. C. Calhoun, 389-comparison of the great routes
between the Atlantic and the Lakes, 398-report
of the Board of, on union of the Chesapeake and
the Ohio, 405.

INSECTS, how to prevent from destroying vegetables,

54--that injure plum and cherry trees, 183.

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LA FAYETTE his son and secretary made members
of the Maryland Agricultural Society, 240-attends
Cattle Show of Maryland Agricultural Society, 286.
LAMPS, how to use, 15.
LANDRUM, Abner, on the means of preventing land
from washing,39.

LARDERS, on the construction of, 54.
LAWNS, rye grass recommended for, 397.
LAWS, agricultural, one directing geological and mi-
neralogical survey in N. Carolina, 14.
LIME, remarks on burning, 119-on burning with Sus-
quehana coal, 308-on its effects in preventing fly,

307.

culture of Indian corn; qualities of Short Horn

Cattle, &c. 410.

LINNÆUS, celebration of his birth day at New York,
148, 153, 161.
LINNEAN Society at Paris, proceedings of, 150.
LUCERNE, on the culture of, by J. E. Howard, 362.
LOWEL, Hon. J. his remarks made previous to an-
nouncing the names and duties of the committees
at the last Massachusetts Agricultural exhibition,

267.

-On orchard and forrest trees, their duration, &c.391.

MACHINES, one for raising stumps described, 303.
MANGEL WURTZEL, on storing it, 398, 414.
MANUFACTURES, value and amount of in each state,
14-of the United States, capital employed therein,
165-of Great Britain, 191--American, on the po-
licy of encouraging, by Hamilton, 268-extent of
in the neighbourhood of Manchester, 238-Ameri-
can, on the protection of, by Hamilton, 275.

MANURES, theory of their action and the value of va-

rious kinds, 146-on the preparation and applica-

tion of, 195.

-And soils, practical treatise on, 217-treatise on,
·225, 234, 241, 257, 314, 409.

MARYLAND ACADEMY of science, officers, consti-

tution, &c. 351, 464, 368.

-AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, scheme of premiums

for the Western Shore, October, 1824, 10-Trus-

tees of met at Eutaw, 15-meeting of Trustees on

the Eastern Shore, 32-meeting of at J. Hollings-

worth's, 56-premiums for the Eastern Shore, 65-

proceedings of Trustees, 72--proceedings of Trus-

tees at Major D. Martin's, 194-extract from the

proceedings of the Board of Trustees on the Eas-

tern Shore of Maryland, 162-proceedings of, at a

special meeting in reference to General Lafayette,

239-act of its incorporation, 241-meeting of

Trustees at Hayfield's, 264-editorial remarks on

their exhibition in Nov. and presence of General

Lafayette, 286-editorial remarks on the last exhi-

bition on the E. Shore, 288-official account of the

cattle show, 289-election of its officers and other

proceedings at Barney's, 12th Dec. 1824, 305-im-

portance of its having a room, 312-cattle show at

Easton, 322, 330-proceedings of Trustees at Gen.

Harper's, 328--proceedings of Trustees at Mr. Jas.

Carroll's, 352, 368-list of premiums offered by, for

June, 1825, 371-proceedings of Trustees at Mr.

Caton's, 384-its list of premiums for 1826, 401—

meet at their rooms and elect Gen. Ridgely Presi-

dent, 416.

MARL, its effects on various soils, by Edmund Ruffin,
5-its properties and uses, 9.

MARSH LAND, how reclaimed, 82.

MARTIN, Major D., meeting of Trustees at his house

and proceedings, 104.

MATHEMATICS, on the usefulness of, by Dr. Frank-

MASON, Seth, answers agricultural queries, 84.

MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, pro-

ceedings of at dinner atBrighton, 254-request Mr.
Lowel's address for pubication, 267-reports of its
last exhibition, 273, 281.

M'CALL, Thomas, his remarks on climate as connect-

ed with various fruits, 16-on the culture of the

vine, 369.

M'DOWELL, John, on making currant wine, 127.
MEADE, R. K., makes communiation to the Agricul-
tural Society of the Valley, a. 66.
MEAT, on the preservation of, 54-observations on the
choice of, 214-on pickling and dry salting, 220.
METEOROLOGICAL reports, utiliy of, 25.
-Remarks and table at Baltimoe and Washington,
Pa. $3.

-Observations at Washington, P., for 1824, 375—

at Baltimore, 413.

MIDDLETON, John, on the culture the sweet pota-
toe, 184.

MILLS, to go by horse power, 404.

MILLET, Egyptian, experiments with, 3-on the cul-

ture of, by John Willis, 27-on the ulture of, 192.

MINERAL WATER, analysis of the mst celebrated,

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MITCHELL, Dr. S. L. on insects that injure plum and

cherry trees, 183-on orchards, apples and cider,226
MISSOURI, cultivated and natural productions of, 806.
MORRIS, J. B., communicates an extraordinary case of
calf giving milk, 147.

MORTGAGES, how best arranged for the landed in-
terest, 345.

MOULDEBART, with a drawing and explanation, 1.

MILK, on its productions and preservation, 30.

MUSE, Jos. E., on seeding grain, 141-on the laws res-

pecting enclosures, 158.

POETRY, signs of ruin, 32-more misnomers, 40-

Johnny Bull my Joe John, 844.

POPPY, remarks on new and beautiful varieties, 213.
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT, report of Post Master
General, 326-report of Post Master General on
the most practicable route from Washington to N.
Orleans, 334-circular of Post Master General to
Contractors, threatening penalties, 367--report of
Post Master General on turnpiking the road be-
Baltimore and Philadelphia, 413.
POTATOES, how to get new varieties, 142-to raise
from the seed, 215-to keep from sprouting, 247-
sweet, on the culture of, by J. Middleton, 184-Irish,
on the culture of, 280.

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improved plough, 189.

PICKLING and dry salting meat, 220.

PIGEONS, the carrier pigeon, 228.

PISE mode of building houses, economy of, 6.
PIPSISSAWA, its medical virtues, 381.

PLASTER OF PARIS, see Gypsum.

PLOUGHS, remarks on the erroneous manner of test-

ing usually practised, by G. Davis, 43-experiments
with Stevens', 405.

-and ploughing, important experiments made by the
War Department, 393.

PLUM trees, on insects that injure, 183.

how best to fatten, 414.

POWEL, Col. J. H., communicates the experience of

H. A. Carpenter with Short Horn cattle, 20.

-on the properties of farm stock, 193.

-on breeding sheep, 213.

-on the various breeds of sheep, their origin, pecu-

liarities and properties, 233.

-letter to the editor with memoirs of the Pennsylva-

nia Agricultural Society, 310.

POWELL, Cuthbert, his Agricultural address.

R.

RABBIT, on certain habits of, 17.

-WARRENS, how best constructed, 17.
RACING, laws of, in England, 270.
RAIL ROADS, and locomotive engines, 233-on the
advantages of, 285-and steam coaches, 398.
RAIN, to measure what falls, 63.

-WATER, how the fall of best measured, 25.
RANDOLPH, T. M., his letters to the Agricultural So-
ciety of Albemarle, 97.

RATS, on the habits and natural history of some spe-

cies, 203.

RECIPES, to fatten poultry, 2-to make capons, 2-to
prevent botts in horses, 14--to preserve peach trees,
14-to defend the roofs of houses, 24-to cure the
botts, 29-to cure carbuncles, 30-to cure ulcers on
the legs, 31-to make soap, 31--to cultivate apara-
gus, 31-to hasten the blowing of bulbous rooted
flowers, 31-soap, how to make, 31-asparagus,
how to manage, 31-to destroy insects on plants,
47-to remove herbs and flowers, 47-to remove
turnip flavour from butter, 55-to make bran bread,
55-to purify water for drinking, 56-to diminish
inflammation, 63-to make strong paste, 64—to ce-
ment broken china, 64-to prevent hats from spot-
ting after rain, 64-to perfume linen, 64-to make
beef tea, 64-to clean flint glass, 64-to prevent
mischief from bite of mad dog, 64--to prevent
skippers in bacon, 79-to destroy catterpillars,
92 to preserve peach trees, 92—to drive off bed
bugs, 112-to make invisible ink, 112--to prevent
snow water from penetrating boots, 191--to kill
bed bugs, 199-to cure gapes in chickens, 230--to
make corn come up quickly, 351--to make good
vinegar, 351--to cure yellow water in cattle, 351-
to cure cancers, 352-to bake loggerhead turtle,
to cure brain staggers, 352-to save red clover
seed, 351-to pound red pepper, 352-cure for
botts, 259--for the rot in sheep, 359-to preserve
garden vegetables, 352-to make beer, 359-to
make gin, 359--substitutes for coffee, 359-for
chocolate, 359--to cure yellow water in horses,
359-to make boots water proof, 359--to make ce-
ment for steam engines, 376--to cure varions dis-
eases there stated, 376-to make vinegar, 392-to
pound red pepper, 392-to cure hoarseness, 416-
to remove smell of onions, 416-to preserve eggs,
416-to remove smell of onions from the breath,
REED, Alexander, on maple sugar, 22, 54.
REPORT of Congressional Committee on Agriculture,

416.

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ROASTING, on the art of, in cookery, 106.
ROOFS of houses, how best defended, 24-on the struc-
ture and advantages of flat ones, 357.
ROSES, on the culture of, 80.
ROT, In cotton, how to prevent, 60-in cotton, 207-
in cotton, remarks on, 216.

-of the hoof, 44.

ROTATION of crops, communication on, by B. Hol-

dich, 173.

RUFFIN, Edmund, on marl, 5.

RUSTICUS, Junior, remarks of, on rats and cats, 203.

RURAL SPORTS, trotting match, 81.

RURIS CONSULTUS, against the Tariff, 13.

RUTA BAGA, on the culture and value of, by J. Buel,

RYE GRASS, recommended for lawns, 397.

SALT, analysis of N. York and other, 5.

-Marsh, value of, as manure, 345.
SALTS, on giving to horses, 59.

361.

associations, 5.

SMITHFIELD Cattle Show, 18.

SMUT in wheat, to prevent, 227.
SOAP, how to make by cold process, 80-hard, direc-

tions for making, by Daniel Kraber, 374-on the
manufacture of hard soap, by Thomas Parker, 382

SOFT soap, good cleanser of fruit trees, 402.

SOILS, how to test their fertility, 379.

-and manures, 337, 409-treatise on, 225, 234, 241,

257, 314--practical treatise on, 217.

SOMERVILLE, H. V, on gypsum, 78.
SOUTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY
addressed by Joseph Johnson, 42-proceedings

SPORTING, 305.

-Plough, experiments with, 405.

STIMSOM, Earl, his farm management, 97-descrip
tion of the management and statement of the pri
duce of his farm, 201.

St. JOHNS' AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, their repor
163-constitution of, 379.

STUD, valuable one of a gentleman in the south of
Virginia, 20-of Col. J. Tayloe, 70.
STUMPS, machine for raising described, 303.
SUGAR of the maple, remarks on, by A. Reed, 54.
SUSQUEHANNA county, great fertility of, 401.
SWINE, on breeding and feeding of, 92.

TARIFF, Ruris Consultus condemns it, 13-Nicotiana
versus Hamilton, 28-new and old compared, 249—
remarks on, by Amphicon, 321.

TAYLOE, Col. John, pedigree and performance of
some of his horses, 70.

TEA, on the culture of in the United States, 24-Ame-
rican, 259.

-Tree, misapprehensions respecting, 207.
TEETH, on their origanization, diseases, &c. 166.
THISTLE, blue, how to kill, 332.

THOMAS, Evan, Jr. on the preservation of fruit trees,
37-on the causes of the premature decay of pear
and apple trees, 121.

TIDE TRUNK, and on ploughing, 347.
TILGHMAN, Tench, Esq. his important experiments
proving the value of cooked over raw food for do-
mestic animals, 394.

TIMBER, best time for cutting, 159.

TOBACCO, a warning voice to the growers of, 4-ex-

ports and sales of 4 & 5-allegation of fraudulent

packing, with editor's remarks, 7-fine quality and

high sales of, a particular crop, 32.

-Trade, remarks on the inspection of, 346.

TRAVELLING in the United States expenses and faci-

lities of, 132.

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WATSON, Elkana, on white flint wheat, 235.

WATTERTON'S lecture, on preserving objects in na-

tural history, 52.

WEATHER, rules for judging of, 246.

WELLS, new method of digging. 174.

WEST POINT, Military Academy of, described, 168.
WHEAT, white flint, presented by Elkana Watson to the

Agricultural Society of the Valley, 3-white flint,
notice of, by Jonas Seely, 27-on deep seeding of,
141-white flint remarks on, 143-white flint, re-
marks on its properties and introduction, by Ira
Hopkins, J. L. Richardson, E. Watson and others,
156-white flint, its history, properties, &c. 235—
preparation of seed, 247-proper time to sow to
prevent fly, 361.

WHEELS, on the proper construction of, 374-of car-
riages, on the proper construction of, 398.

WHIPPOORWILL, letter from on board Steam Boat,

119-visits Rose Hill, 135, 197.

WINES, Tokay, where and how made, 148-of France,
199-domestic, remarks on, by Doct. Rush. 226.

WILLIAMS, J. T. suggests improvement in post and

rail fences, 207.

James, communicates experiments with Stevens'

plough, 405.

WILLIAMSON, D. Jr. on the white Norfolk turnip,

118-on turnips, 152-on rearing calves, 318
WILLIS, John (collector of Oxford, Md.) on millet, 27.
WILSON, William, obituary notice of, 16.
WOODHOUSE, Miss Sophia (now Mrs. Wells) gets a
silver medal of 20 guineas value, in London, for
straw hat, 151.

WOOL, various samples of, late and present prices, 230.

WORMS, in sheep's heads, 190-in sheep's heads, how

to prevent, 215.

YOUNG, John, of Nova Scotia, author of letters of
Agricola, premium given to, 206.

ZOLLIKOFFER, W., M. D., remarks on the Armona
Triloba, 167.

I congratulate you, upon the display of subtle ta-
ent, which has not merely traced the properties, qua-
ities, and propensities, of certain bulls, and calves,
out has most ingeniously, attempted to expound the
'blind prejudices," "partialities," and motives of
some of your active friends. Although you, very na-
urally court for the columns of the Farmer, the elabo-
"ate, and excursive effusions of accomplished, and eru-
lite writers, whose sarcasm,could give point, or whose
loquence, might convey zest, for your paper, yet I
im assured, that you will not forget, that if profes-
sional authors, sometimes gain notoriety, whilst deal-
ng in fiction, farmers, and men of "understanding,"
have a strange, old fashioned regard, for fact. With-
out noticing the "challenge," or appeals to "good
judgment," I shall confine myself to the passages, to
which Agricola adverts, quoting the Report of the
Philadelphia Show, whence his assertions without
evidence, his imputations without justice, his jests
without point, and his plaudits without reason, are
mainly derived.

I have not the slightest objection, that he should
issert, that the wealthy, and zealous proprietor, of
he Hampton Estate, possesses a better breed of
cattle, than the united efforts of all the breeders of
urope, or America can produce: nor shall I labour

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THE MOULDERAERT,

AN IMPLEMENT IN FLEMISH HUSBANDRY, AND HIGHLY RECOMMENDED in
RADCLIFFE'S REPORT, &c. &c.

4.6

NUM. 1.

front, or edge of the machine, to dip, and catch against the ground, whereby it is at once inverted and emptied of its load. The extremity of the handle, to which a rope is affixed, by this inversion strikes against, and rests upon the swingletree bar, and in this manner the mouldebaert is drawn along towards the accumulated earth, when, by taking up the rope, the driver draws back the handle, collects his load as before, proceeds to the spot which is to receive it, and the horses are never for a moment delayed.

The saving of time and labour, in filling, and emptying, gives this implement a decided superiority over the cart; nor is the ground so much injured by this, as by wheels. How well may it be applied in manuring a field with compost from the head ridges; and how valuably, in most cases of levelling, either in the farm or the demesne?

Having formed the broad sets as has been
mentioned, by means of this valuable implement,
the next chief care was to get rid of the surface-
water, by cutting trenches across them with the
spade, where required, and by clearing up all
the id ditches to give it free passage, an opera-
tion repaid by the manure thus procured, which
being turned and exposed to the atmosphere for
a season, was spread upon the surface with good
effect. The improvement of this land, how-
ever, was only to be compassed through the
medium of a perfect fallow. In autumn the fields
received a light ploughing and harrowing, and
th. sets were then for ed: in December, a deep
ploughing, to lay the soit up high to the influ-
ence of the frost; at which period the transverse
furrows were cut to let the water run off. In
March another deep ploughing and harrowing,
after which the manure raised from the ditches
was spread upon the surface, so as to preserve
the rounded form of the sets. In August, quick-
our patrons, a view of this contrivance, so lime was spread in a pulverised state, at the
highly recommended by the able author of the rate of sixty hectolitres to the mesure, about one
report in question, and feel that we may safely hundred and fifty-six bushels (Winchester) to
leave it to their better judgment, to turn it to the English acre; and laid under, by a light
the best account. It will be a satisfaction to ploughing. This terminated the preparation,
know, that it has been tried and found useful.] and the succession of crops took place as follows
Edit. Am. Far.
1st year Winter barley, No manure, but the
S previous liming, &c.

Description of the Mouldebaert-and Manner of
reclaiming Wet Land.

2d. Beans and Flax,
equal moieties,

3d. Winter barley, with a moderate application of urine, in the spring,

It has been recommended to us, by a friend of excellent judgment, to whom we loaned the report of Flemish husbandry, to cause an engraving to be made of the mouldebaert, as it is called; which seems to have served as a model of the scrapers used in the construction of turnpike roads, cattle water ponds, &c. It is obvious, that such an implement, of cheap and simple structure, as it seems to be, would be highly useful on all farms. Whenever it is desirable to gather up and remove the surface of the ground, this machine would aid in the This implement is called the mouldebaert, and operation, with great saving of labour. By resembles a large square malt-shovel; it is strong-4th. Beans, vetches, and turnips, means of it, for example, an old dunghill, the ly prepared with iron on the lower side; and is 5th. Wheat or oats, with clover, ground immediately about kitchens, and farm drawn by a pair of horses with swingle-trees.-6th. Clover, manured with ashes, houses, after being ploughed up, would be It is unnecessary to go more minutely into a de- 7th. Clover cut once, and ploughed under, readily gathered into heaps, for the cart, to scription of the implement, as the annexed en-8th. Potatoes, with farm yard manure. be removed to the compost heap-so with old graving, laid down by a scale, will explain its From this the same succession begins again; head land, the line of old fences, &c.-We form and dimensions. Too much, however, but the land received a second dressing of lime. fully adopt the opinion of our friend, as cannot be said of its efficacy in removing soil The greatest attention was paid to the clearing to the general utility of the mouldebaert, and from one part of the field to another, in the up of all channels, for the water to pass freely; have accordingly caused it to be engraved, and easiest and most expeditious manner, which has great attention also, as is always the case in should suppose that it may also expedite established its general use in Flanders, and ought Flanders, to the removal of weeds, and that the greatly, the formation of rough ditches and to recommend it every where. foregoing operations both of ploughing and sow

drains, tad off the superfluous water of low The person who drives with long reins, by ing, should be performed in dry weather. lands; and every observant far ner, knows that pressing moderately on the handle as the horses By these means, this intelligent gentleman such lands, let seasons be as dry as they may, go forward, collects, and transports about 5 cwt. succeeded in producing crops that amply repaid never produce, to their full c pacity, if water of earth to the place where it is to be deposited; him his entire cost, and enabled him eventually be allowed to settle on any part of them. We which is effected in the most summary manner, to let the farm to a good tenant, in the propor however, discharge our duty, in submitting to by his letting go the handle. This causes the tion of seven to three beyond the original rent. VOL, 6.-1.

Domestic Economy.

EXPERIMENTS IN REARING POULTRY.
REMARKS ON THE CAUSE OF THE GAPES IN
CHICKENS, AND THE BEST METHOD OF AVOID
ING.-With Editorial notes thereon.

which increasing in size, as the disease progress-the other two hens and fourteen chickens, I put es, produces suffocation and death. I differ from in another coop, which coop I put in a room, in this opinion, and so far from supposing that the an out building; the chickens would go in and worm produces the disease, I believe that the out the coop as they liked, but were confined to disease produces the worm, if indeed there is a the room-I fed alí, as well those out doors as Worm at all. My reasons follow-some years those in the room, on cracked corn-they all since, I removed from the city of New York, to throve well for about a week, when those in a part of the country, where I had not the con- doors began to droop, and refused their food; this venience of a butchers' stall or cart, and al-I changed to mashed potatoes and Indian meal though I had a good ice house, yet it was not at mixed together, and every two or three days, if all times convenient to kill a calf, sheep, or lamb, the weather was fine, let them out an hour or It has heretofore been the received opinion, and I therefore, after the first year, paid consi- two at mid day to get gravel, and this brought that the disease called the gapes in chickens, is derable attention to the raising of poultry- them too. In about twelve days, those I kept produced by a worm in the throat* or wind pipe, succeeded pretty well with ducks, geese, and tur-out doors, began to show symptoms of the diskeys, but the common barn door fowl baffled all ease, the gapes-they all had it but one, five

TO THE EDITOR OF THE AMERICAN FARMER.

Dear Sir,

* Whether worms in the throat, be the cause, my skill and care-I tried every thing I had died, two I saved with great nursing, and the or consequence of the gapes we will not say; but heard or read of, as recommended-nothing an- eighth, a vigorous cock chicken, escaped it enwe incline to think the former-because no lon-swered-die they would, and die they did. I tirely-thus much for those out doors. Out of the ger since than last summer, when passing a few became discouraged, and determined to adopt a fourteen in doors, one died apparently of a deweeks in his native county, the Editor saw a plan of my own, and if I failed, then to give it cline, evidently not the gapes, the others were chicken expire with this disorder, and immedi- up entirely-what that plan was, I had till the healthy-but in order further to test the experiately examined its throat, and found there a following season to mature; summer, autumn, ment; when the sixteen were about four weeks multitude of very small red worms yet living, and winter, each brought their labours and cares old, I took indiscriminately eight of them, and sufficient of themselves, obviously, to cause dif- to a farmer-I thought occasionally of my chick-one hen from the room, and put them out doors ficulty and stoppage of respiration-whether ens, but it was merely a thought-at length, in another coop, distant from the first out door they originate in the stomach, or are picked from about the first week in March last, the boy who hen and her chickens, so that no intercourse the ground, we do not know-but we do know, I deputed to collect the eggs, brought me word, could be had between the broods-in about one because we have assisted when a boy, in apply- that one hen had taken to her nest, in a few days week, four of them took the disease, one howeing the remedy, that the smoke of tobacco, ad- he said two others wanted to set, I put under ver only died-I did not lose one of those I kept ministered as described in vol. 1, page 231 of each, on the same day, eleven eggs-they brought in the room-they were let out when full feaththis journal, is an effectual cure for the disorder. out between them, twenty-five chickens; the ered, and when the weather had become settled Among poultry women, it is an axiom, not to plan I then adopted, was this-I put one hen, and and mild.

let young poultry go abroad very early in the eight chickens in a coop, with bars in front, so that The conclusion I have drawn from these exday-it may be that, if the worms are picked the chickens could have free ingress and egress; periments is, that the dampness of the ground. from the earth, the sun drives them below the this coop I put in a dry and healthy situation-the cold winds, and rains of the spring produces surface. That there is something in old dungthe disease-that the gapes is to chickens, what hills, unpropitious to the rearing of barn-door that do not sit constantly, but trust chiefly to the way, by exposure to cold-having the same the hives is to children, brought on the same fowls, is well known, for it is invariably found, heat of the sun, as the crane, heron, ostrich, &c. symptoms-the same difficulty of breathingthat they succeed best, where new establish- &c. the temperature of the eggs is probably be- the same death by suffocation. ments are made on new ground-doubtless, too, low 104 degress. the vermin that infest old poultry houses are deI had last fall a further opportunity of testing structive of the health and life, both of young known to be 21 days. In warmer climaces hens, having stolen their nests, brought out The full period of the hen in this country, is my opinion-about the middle of November, two and old fowls, ploughing up and removing the said to be a day or two less. The following table twelve chickens-I put them all with one hen, in surface of old dung hills-frequent and thorough was compiled by Count Morozzo, in a letter from a room, letting them out occasionally for gravel, cleansing, by white washing and other means, of him to Lacepede, to show the periods of incuba &c.-four were taken off by rats, the other eight the nests, coops, &c. &c. are indispensable pre-tion, compared with those of the life of certain cautions. Millet, we are told, is for poultry,birds. are now living. birds and mice, the most acceptable food that can be put in their way-and they are, it may be presumed, good judges of what is suitable for them. While on this subject, let us add a word on the subject of

INCUBATION.

NAME OF THE BIRD.

Swan,

Parrot,
Goose,

Period of menba- Duration of their

tion.

Lives.

about 200 yrs

100 years 80 or more

not known

42 days

40

30

30

30

30

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13 to 14

18 to 20

It happened the other day, that in company Eagle, with a pair of charming young ladies from the Bustard, country, we volunteered our services, to recom- Duck, mend them to a pair of clever young fellows, who Turkey, had solicited our aid in the same way; but Peacock, we required, as the condition of our good offices, Pheasant, that these fair nymphs should submit, to an ex-Crow, amination on certain points of housewifery-know- Nightingale, ledge, and accordingly amongst other questions, Hen, we catechised them on the time of incubation, Pigeon, and the number of eggs to be committed to differ-Canary, ent fowls.

Goldfinch,

100 or more

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AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
At a meeting of the Agricultural Society of the
Valley, held in the Court House at Winchester,
March 6, 1824, HUGH HOLMES, President,
WM. M. BARTON, Vice president.

The meeting being called to order, the president delivered his annual address. Whereupon, it was resolved unanimously, that the thanks of the meeting be returned to the president for the same, and that a committee of two members do ask a copy for the press, and that it be published in the Winchester papers, and the American Farmer.

Upon motion of the vice-president, the follow-
members were admitted:
Henry S. Turner, Bushrod Taylor
Robert Heterick, Daniel Hartman,
Josiah Lockhart,
Adam Kerns,
Archibald Magill, Joseph Tuley,
Samuel Swane,
John M. Brome,

They went through the examination passably well, much better than some young lawyers we TO FATTEN POULTRY.-The coops in which have known, but being deficient in some particulars poultry are fattened, should be kept constantly we here submit for the benefit of themselves, and clean, and furnished with gravel, but no waterothers, the following table, which we would corn meal mixed with water, being the best diet. ing have learned by practice, as certainly as they Thirst will prompt them to eat more than they learn their multiplication table, if they would would otherwise do, in order to get the water prepare themselves as they ought, to obey the with which the food is moistened. This should ruling impulse of nature, and the special in-be put on clean boards, which ought to be withjunction of scripture which we need not quote drawn and washed, whenever used. TO CAPON COCKS.-Make an incision with a The proper heat for hatching a hen's egg, is sharp knife, under the lowest rib, lay hold of 104 of Farenheit, to which degree the surface the parts to be extracted, and cutting them away of the body of the hen, will raise the thermome with sharp scissors, put a stich or two in the r when she sits upon her eggs. In those birds, wound,Edit. Am. Far.

it.

A letter from Dr. Mease, ex-president of the Philadelphia Society, addressed to R. K. Meade, was read, and ordered to lie on the table.

An important communication on the improvement of the breed of sheep, embracing several

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