III. THE ADVENTURE OF PHAËTHON.

II. 1. Regia, sc. domus, palace. — sublimibus columnis: abl. of specification (§ 253; G. 397; H. 424); so also auro and pyropo.

2. pyropo, "fire-face," a mixture of gold and copper.

3. cujus limits fastigia.

4. valvae, double doors, opening to each side.

5. Mulciber, a name of Vulcan, from the softening by fire (mulcendo) of the metal which he wrought.

6. medias cingentia, embracing.

8. caeruleos: the sea-gods are dark blue, the color of the waters. canorum: the horn of Triton, representing the roaring of the blast. 9. ambiguum: Proteus had the power of changing his form at will. See Virg. G. iv. 441, 2:—

"Omnia transformat sese in miracula rerum,

Ignemque horribilemque feram fluviumque liquentem."

10. lacertis Ægæon (Briareus) was represented with a hundred arms. The notion was possibly derived from the monster cuttle-fish described by sailors in hot latitudes.

II. Dorida: Doris is the wife of Nereus and mother of the Nereids, or ocean-nymphs.

12. in mole, upon a massy rock.

13. facies.. una: supply est.

14. qualem, sc. sed talis; acc. and inf. with decet (§ 270, 3, b; G. 535; H. 538).

15. terra, i.e. as carved in relief on the palace-walls.

18. signa, the signs of the Zodiac. — foribus, loc. abl. (§ 258, ƒ, 3;

G. 385, N.1; H. 425, ii. 2, N.3).

acclivo limite, up

19. quo, whither.- simul simul atque. the steep pathway. - Clymeneïa proles, i.e. Phaethon.

20. dubitati, because his descent from the sun-god had been denied by Epaphus (see Introd.).

22. neque ferebat, could not bear.

24. Phoebus, a name of Apollo, here used for the Sun.

25. a dextra laevaque, sc. parte, on the right and left side. With pars and some similar words, a and e are frequently used where one might expect in (§ 260 b; G. 390, N.o; II. 434, i. 1).

26. Horae, usually in mythology the Seasons, but here in the regular prose sense of Hours.

28. nuda, because the flowers have withered.

29. calcatis, trampled in the wine-vat.

30. capillos, Greek accusative (§ 240, c; G. 338; H. 378).

31. loco, abl. of specification (§ 253; G. 397; H. 424). — paventem: this word refers to the outward signs of fear, — paleness, trembling, etc. 33. que connects ait with the preceding.

=

34. progenies, voc. - haud infitianda worthy to be acknowledged. 35. publica, common to all.

37. Clymene: she had told Phaëthon that the Sun-god was his father (see Introd.).

42. negari: the usual construction would be qui negetur (§ 320, f, note; G. 552, R.2; H. 533, ii. N.2).

43. edidit = dixit, narravit. — ortus: the plural is constantly used in poetry for the singular.

44. quo... dubites, § 317, b; G. 545, 2; H. 497, ii. 2.

45. promissi, of my promise (lit. of the thing promised).

46. dis, dat. of agent with juranda. — palus, the Styx, by which the gods swore their most awful oaths. Being beneath the earth, it could never be beheld by the sun. It is called palus from its sluggish flow. 47. desierat (desino), had ceased. — rogat, sc. cum. 48. in diem, for a day. — alipedum agrees with equorum (obj. gen.). 49. jurasse, subject of paenituit (§ 270, b; G. 535; H. 538).

50. illustre, alluding to his brightness.

51. tua, sc. voce.

52. negarem, sc. si liceret; negarem is the apodosis.

53. tuta, predicate.

54. istis, those (of yours).

Cf. iii. v. 15.

55. quae nec conveniant, such as befit not (§ 320; G.631, 1; H. 503, i). 56. mortale

= suited to a mortal.

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57. superis, those on high, i.e. the heavenly gods. — fas, what is permitted by divine law.

58. placeat, sc. ut (§ 331, ƒ, r.; G. 607; H. 515, iii. N.): i.e. though each of the gods may have his will, etc.

59. consistere, to keep his foothold.

60. axe, i.e. chariot: the part for the whole, by the figure called synecdoche.

62. non agat, may not drive (potential subjunctive: § 311, a; G. 257; H. 485).

63. prima via, the first part of the way (§ 193; G. 291, R.2; H. 440, 2, N.1). — qua, one by which (§ 258, g; G. 389; H. 420, 1, 3).

65. mare et terras, obj. of videre, which is the subj. of fit; to see the sea and lands is a cause of fear (timor) even to me.

67. ultima via, cf. prima via, v. 63. — moderamine certo, a steady check; abl. after eget.

68. quae, referring to Tethys.

69. Tethys wife of Oceanus and mother of Clymene.

70. assidua vertigine, in a constant whirl (the daily apparent revo lution of the heavens).

71. torquet, spins.

72. qui cetera, sc. vincit.

73. rapido. . . orbi: i.e. as the sun's apparent path among the stars is towards the east, he is supposed in his daily course to make headway against the revolution of the celestial sphere.

74. finge datos currus, fancy the chariot given (to you). 75. obvius ire polis, same idea as in v. 73. - ne= ita ut non. 78. insidias, i.e. concealed perils. — formas ferarum, shapes of beasts, i.e. the Lion, Bull, etc., the signs of the Zodiac.⚫

515, iii.).

79. ut, though (concessive, § 266, c; G. 608; H. 80. adversi, turned towards you, i.e. right in your face. - Tauri, etc.: see the sun's path as traced on a celestial map or globe.

81. Haemonios, Thessalian: the Archer (Sagittarius) is represented as a Centaur, of which fabulous monster the home is Thessaly (see the story of the Centaurs and Lapithæ, Metam. xii. 146-535), which was called Hæmonia from King Hæmon, father of Thessalus.

83. aliter, the other way.

84. quadrupedes, the horses of the sun. - ignibus, abl., qualifying animosos.

86. in promptu, an easy thing (lit. in readiness); tibi, v. 84, depends upon this.

88. ne sim, a final clause, depending upon cave.

89. que, connects corrige with cave.

90. sanguine, abl. of source (§ 244, a; G. 395; H. 415, ii.).

91. timendo, by my fear (for you).

92. probor, I prove myself.

Notice the collocation of patrio and

et e, and governs tot ac tantis bonis.

pater, a favorite order.

96. eque

98. vero, agreeing with nomine.

101. ne dubita, poetic (§ 269, b; G. 270; H. 488). — undas, apparently direct object of juravimus by a Greek construction; in Latin it usually takes per, but compare the use of the passive in v. 46.

103. ille, the other, a very common use of the pronoun.

104. premit, urges.

105. qua licuit while he could, limiting cunctatus.

106. Vulcania munera Vulcani munera (§ 190; G. 362; H. 395, N.2).

107. summae rotae, of the wheel's rim.

109. chrysolithi, topaz, a nearly transparent precious stone, often of a bright golden color; the word is Greek, and signifies gold-stone.— gemmae, i.e. the other gems, subj. of reddebant.

110. repercusso Phoebo, by the reflection of the sun. III. magnanimus, high-spirited.

113. plena rosarum, full of roses, i.e. of rosy light.

114. agmina cogit, brings up the rear (lit. gathers in the troops). 115. caeli statione, his post in the sky. - novissimus, last: the morning star is often seen just before (or after) sunrise. (See Fig. 8.)

116. quae... vidit, when he saw them [the stars] flee to earth. Their disappearance is imagined as a sudden setting.

117. extremae, i.e. near the end of her monthly course.. evanescere, as she seems to fade and disappear in the sky.

118. Titan, the Sun-god.

velut

120. ambrosiae, lit. immortal food, i.e. food of the immortals. praesaepibus notice the frequent omission of the preposition with the abl. of the place from which (§ 258, a, N.3; G. 390, N.3 H. 412, ii. 2). 123. patientia, able to endure (agreeing with ora).- rapidae devouring. (Cf. rapax from same root.)

124. comae, dat., upon his head.-luctus, obj. gen.

127. fortius, more freely, i.e. use the bits more freely than the whip. 128. volentes, sc. properare.

=

129. nec placeat, etc., let not the way please you, i.e. do not follow the way. directos quinque per arcus, straight across the five zones. 130. sectus limes, the Ecliptic, "bounded by the limit of three

zones (see next line), i.e. the torrid and the two temperate, as repre sented on a celestial globe.

132. Arcton, the northern constellation of the Bear.

133. hac, sc. via, by this way (§ 258, g; H. 420, 3).

135. nec preme, do not bear down (§ 269, b; G. 270; H. 488).— molire, ply: this verb implies the effort made in climbing the celestial heights. (Construe summum with aethera.)

136. egressus, 1.e. if you quit this way (§ 310, a; G. 593, 2; H. 507, N.7). 138. dexterior, sc. rota. Anguem: the constellation of the Ser

pent is in the north, between the Great and Little Bear.

139. pressam, lying low the Altar lies south of the sun's winter path, barely appearing in Greece.

141. quae juvet opto, who I wish may aid you. (See note, v. 58.) 142. Hesperio, western. Hesperus is the Greek form of the word which in Latin is Vesper. The name Hesperia, “Land of the West," was by the Greeks poetically applied to Italy, and by the Romans to Spain (Virg. Æn. i. 530; Hor. Od. ii. 6). — metas: metae means, first, the cones of a fir-tree, then the conical posts of the race-course. means the goal or end of the course of the night.

143. nox, i.e. the night advances towards the west like the day.

144. poscimur, we are wanted; it is getting late.

146. nostris, agrees with consiliis as well as curribus.

Here it

147. dum belongs with adstas as well as with potes. - solidis sedibus, on firm ground (loc. abl.).

149. quae, referring to lumina.- dare, depending on sine (from sino). - spectes, subj. of purpose.

151. contingere: poetic, as depending upon gaudet.

152. grates agit, renders thanks.

153. Pyrois, etc.: the names of the steeds signify fiery, of the dawn, blazing, flaming.

155. repagula, barriers (of a race-course).

156. quae, i.e. repagula. (See § 201, e; G. 610; H. 453.) — Tethys: the sun rises from the sea, so the sea-goddess Tethys is thought of as throwing back the barriers for the sun's horses to start. - nepotis, see note, v. 69.

157. copia: = access to.

160. isdem de partibus, i.e. from the East. isdem is abl. plur.

161. quod possent, such as, etc. (subj. of characteristic, § 320; G. 631, 2; H. 503, i.).

163. pondere, ballast. —justo, regular (a common meaning). — levitate, abl. of cause.