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Ingentes animos, dignas Jove concipit iras,
5 Conciliumque vocat: tenuit mora nulla vocatos.
Est via sublimis, cœlo manifesta sereno;
Lactea nomen habet, candore notabilis ipso:
Hac iter est Superis ad magni tecta Tonantis
Regalemque domum. Dextra lævaque deorum
10 Atria nobilium valvis celebrantur apertis ;
Plebs habitat diversa locis; a fronte potentes
Coelicolæ clarique, suos posuere penates.

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Ergo ubi marmoreo Superi sedere recessu; Celsior ipse loco, sceptroque innixus eburno, 15 Terrificam capitis concussit terque quaterque Cæsariem, cum qua terram, mare, sidera movit. 180 Talibus inde modis ora indignantia solvit :

"Non ego pro mundi regno magis anxius illa Tempestate fui, qua centum quisque parabat 20 Injicere Anguipedum captivo brachia cœlo: Nam, quanquam ferus hostis erat, tamen illud ab

uno

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Corpore et ex una pendebat origine bellum.
Nunc mihi, qua totum Nereus circumsonat orbem,
Perdendum est mortale genus. Per flumina juro
25 Infera, sub terras Stygio labentia luco,

Cuncta prius tentata: sed immedicabile vulnus 190
Ense recidendum est, ne pars sincera trahatur.
Sunt mihi Semidei, sunt rustica numina, Nymphæ
Faunique Satyrique et monticola Silvani :

30 Quos quoniam cœli nondum dignamur honore,
Quas dedimus, certe terras habitare sinamus.
An satis, O Superi, tutos fore creditis illos,
Cum mihi, qui fulmen, qui vos habeoque regoque,
Struxerit insidias notus feritate Lycaon?"

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Contremuere omnes, studiisque ardentibus ausum Talia deposcunt. Superûm rex voce manuque Murmura compressit; tenuere silentia cuncti. Substitit ut clamor, pressus gravitate regentis; Jupiter hoc iterum sermone silentia rupit : 40 "Ille quidem pœnas-curam hanc dimittite-solvit ; Quod tamen admissum, quæ sit vindicta, docebo. 210 Contigerat nostras infamia temporis aures; Quam cupiens falsam summo delabor Olympo.

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Et deus humana lustro sub imagine terras. 45 Longa mora est, quantum noxæ sit ubique repertum, Enumerare: minor fuit ipsa infamia vero. Mænala transieram, latebris horrenda ferarum, Et cum Cyllene gelidi pineta Lycæi ; Arcados hinc sedes et inhospita tecta tyranni

50 Ingredior, traherent cum sera crepuscula noctem. Signa dedi venisse deum, vulgusque precari Cœperat; irridet primo pia vota Lycaon,

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Mox ait, Experiar, deus hic, discrimine aperto, An sit mortalis, nec erit dubitabile verum.' 55 Nocte gravem somno necopina perdere morte Me parat: hæc illi placet experientia veri. Nec contentus eo, missi de gente Molossa Obsidis unius jugulum mucrone resolvit, Atque ita semineces partim ferventibus artus 60 Mollit aquis, partim subjecto torruit igni. Quos simul imposuit mensis; ego vindice flamma 230 In dominum dignosque everti tecta Penates. Territus ipse fugit, nactusque silentia ruris Exululat frustraque loqui conatur: ab ipso 65 Colligit os rabiem, solitæque cupidine cædis Vertitur in pecudes; et nunc quoque sanguine gaudet.

In villos abeunt vestes, in crura lacerti;
Fit lupus, et veteris servat vestigia formæ :
Canities eadem est, eadem violentia vultus,

70 Idem oculi lucent, eadem feritatis imago.

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Occidit una domus ; sed non domus una perire 240
Digna fuit: qua terra patet, fera regnat Erinnys;
In facinus jurasse putes. Dent ocius omnes,
Quas meruere pati-sic stat sententia-poenas."
Dicta Jovis pars voce probant, stimulosque frementi
Adjiciunt; alii partes assensibus implent.

IV. DEUCALION.

(I. 260-415.)

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When Jupiter, in the council of the gods, had declared his wrath against Lycaon (s. III.) and the corrupted race of man,

they all approved indeed of the punishment of the Arcadian king, but were unwilling to consent to the total destruction of mankind. The will of Jupiter, however, prevailed; he promised the gods a new and better race, but all existing men were to perish for their ungodliness. On the mode of punishment, however, Jupiter himself-so Ovid tells-had not as yet formed any fixed resolution. The thought of destroying mankind by fire he gave up again, because from the burning of the earth he feared danger for heaven itself. At last, he resolved on that noted punishment (pœna illa, v. 1), which by an overwhelming flood destroyed the human race. When all the godless had thus perished, Jupiter saw two pious inhabitants of the earth still remaining after the flood, Deucalion and his wife Pyrrha, on whom he took pity, and whom he allowed to survive the deluge. They both sprung from the race of the Titans, who must not be confounded with the giants (s. III.). For the first gods that issued from Chaos were Heaven and Earth (Uranus and Gæa), who were the parents of several races of gods, among whom the Titans (Tirveç Otoi) were the most eminent; Saturnus (or Kronos) was the mightiest of the Titans, and deprived his father Uranus of the sovereignty. Afterwards, however, he himself was dethroned by his son Jupiter, and plunged into Tartarus. And as the rest of the Titans did not approve the dethronement of Saturn, a war began against them, after which they were all in the end banished into Tartarus. Now from two sons of the Titan Iapetus, Prometheus and Epimetheus, sprung Deucalion and Pyrrha. Deucalion was the son of the inventive Promētheus, who had formed the first men out of clay, and, by means of fire stolen from heaven, had breathed into them warmth and life. Pyrrha was the daughter of the improvident Epimetheus. As they, after the flood had passed off, were bewailing their loneliness, the oracle directed them to cast behind them, with their heads veiled, the bones of their mother, out of which a new race of men should arise. For a long while they did not know how to explain this, till at last Deucalion caught the idea, that their mother was the earth, the stones of which would thus be their mother's bones. They put this conjectural interpretation to the proof, and it succeeded. From the stones sprung forth men. [Hence, according to the Greek mythographers, the name Stone (Aãaç) is related to the name People (Xaós).]

The legend of the general destruction of the inhabitants of the earth by overwhelming floods is common to all ancient races. Derived originally from the sacred account of the Jewish Scriptures, it also receives certain confirmation from geological phenomena.

Pœna Jovi placet illa: genus mortale sub undis 260 Perdere et ex omni nimbos dimittere cœlo.

Protinus Æoliis Aquilonem claudit in antris

Et quæcumque fugant inductas flamina nubes, 5 Emittitque Notum. Madidis Notus evolat alis, Terribilem picea tectus caligine vultum ;

Barba gravis nimbis, canis fluit unda capillis,
Fronte sedent nebulæ, rorant pennæque sinusque.
Utque manu late pendentia nubila pressit ;

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10 Fit fragor: hinc densi funduntur ab æthere nimbi. Nuntia Junonis, varios induta colores,

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Concipit Iris aquas alimentaque nubibus affert.
Sternuntur segetes, et deplorata coloni
Vota jacent, longique perit labor irritus anni.

Nec cœlo contenta suo est Jovis ira; sed illum
Cæruleus frater juvat auxiliaribus undis.
Convocat hic amnes: qui postquam tecta tyranni
Intravere sui; "Non est hortamine longo
Nunc," ait, "utendum: vires effundite vestras,-
20 Sic opus est-aperite domos, ac mole remota
Fluminibus vestris totas immittite habenas."
Jusserat: hi redeunt, ac fontibus ora relaxant,
Et defrenato volvuntur in æquora cursu.
Ipse tridente suo terram percussit; at illa
25 Intremuit motuque vias patefecit aquarum.
Exspatiata ruunt per apertos flumina campos,
Cumque satis arbusta simul pecudesque virosque
Tectaque, cumque suis rapiunt penetralia sacris.
Si qua domus mansit potuitque resistere tanto
30 Indejecta malo; culmen tamen altior hujus

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Unda tegit, pressæque latent sub gurgite turres. 290
Jamque mare et tellus nullum discrimen habebant:
Omnia pontus erat; deerant quoque litora ponto.
Occupat hic collem; cymba sedet alter adunca,
35 Et ducit remos illic, ubi nuper ararat;

Ille
super segetes, aut mersæ culmina villæ
Navigat; hic summa piscem deprendit in ulmo.
Figitur in viridi, si fors tulit, ancora prato,
Aut subjecta terunt curvæ vineta carinæ ;
40 Et, modo qua graciles gramen carpsere capellæ,
Nunc ibi deformes ponunt sua corpora phocæ.
Mirantur sub aqua lucos urbesque domosque
Nereïdes, silvasque tenent delphines, et altis
Incursant ramis agitataque robora pulsant.

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45 Nat lupus inter oves, fulvos vehit unda leones,
Unda vehit tigres; nec vires fulminis apro,
Crura nec ablato prosunt velocia cervo ;
Quæsitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,
In mare lassatis volucris vaga decidit alis.
50 Obruerat tumulos immensa licentia ponti,
Pulsabantque novi montana cacumina fluctus.
Maxima pars unda rapitur; quibus unda pepercit,
Illos longa domant inopi jejunia victu.

Separat Aonios Etæis Phocis ab arvis,

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55 Terra ferax, dum terra fuit, sed tempore in illo
Pars maris et latus subitarum campus aquarum. 315
Mons ibi verticibus petit arduus astra duobus,
Nomine Parnasus, superatque cacumine nubes.
Hic ubi Deucalion-nam cetera texerat æquor—
60 Cum consorte tori parva rate vectus adhæsit;
Corycidas Nymphas et numina montis adorant
Fatidicamque Themin, quæ tunc oracla tenebat.
Non illo melior quisquam nec amantior æqui
Vir fuit, aut illa metuentior ulla deorum.

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Jupiter ut liquidis stagnare paludibus orbem,
Et superesse videt de tot modo millibus unum,
Et superesse videt de tot modo millibus unam,
Innocuos ambos, cultores numinis ambos ;
Nubila disjecit, nimbisque aquilone remotis
70 Et cœlo terras ostendit et æthera terris.

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Nec maris ira manet, positoque tricuspide telo 330 Mulcet aquas rector pelagi, supraque profundum Exstantem atque humeros innato murice tectum Cæruleum Tritona vocat, conchæque sonanti 75 Inspirare jubet fluctusque et flumina signo

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Jam revocare dato. Cava buccina sumitur illi Tortilis, in latum quæ turbine crescit ab imo, Buccina, quæ medio concepit ubi aera ponto, Litora voce replet sub utroque jacentia Phœbo. 80 Tunc quoque, ut ora dei madida rorantia barba Contigit, et cecinit jussos inflata receptus, Omnibus audita est telluris et æquoris undis, Et quibus est undis audita, coercuit omnes. Jam mare litus habet, plenos capit alveus amnes, 85 Flumina subsidunt collesque exire videntur;

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