primum illo tempore nec, moventem quicquam voce, atque anima, exhalata (est) et recessit in ventos, per os illud (pro Jupiter!) auditum saxis atque intellectum sensibus ferarum.-139. pro, or proh, interjection of complaint, commonly used with nom. of the name of a deity. 145. comam, respective acc. | tonsa comam, in token of mourning,-148, diversa locis, apart in places''in different places,' a frequent construction in Ovid. Hebre, the Hebrus, the principal river of Thrace.-149. mirum! wonder!' absolutely as an interjection.-150. nescio quid flebile,' something mournful,'-152. mare, acc. depending on in in invectæ. || flumen populare, the river of their country.'-153. Methymne was a town of note in Lesbos.-158. anteit, dissyllable.-159. respicit tuto, safely looks back on,' alluding to his misfortune in having looked back on her formerly.

XXXIX. 1. JN. atque Titan jam erat medius venientis et acte noctis, and now the sun-god was just in the midst between the coming and past night,' i. e. it was noon-day.-10. Tænarides= Lacedæmonius, from Tænarum, the south promontory of Laconia. -23. Ebalide, Hyacinthus was son of Ebalus, a Spartan king. -27. nisi si. Si here would be redundant, but that the si in nisi seems sometimes by usage to lose its force, and nisi to become simply a negative. There are examples in good prose.-30. reddere,' to give up,'' resign.'-34. fortissimus heros, Ajax, son of Telamon.-35. addat se in hunc florem, shall also become this flower,' 45. hoc avi. The neuter hoc is used substantively, with the partitive gen. ævi.

XL. 2. Cythereia litora, the shores of the island Cythera, to the south of the Peloponnesus.-3. Paphon, Paphos in Cyprus.-4. Gnidon, Gnidos on the coast of Caria. || Amathuntem, Amathûs, in a mining district on the south side of Cyprus.-9. vestem, respective acc.-11. pronos, ' carrying themselves low,' and stretching their heads towards the ground. | celsum in cornua, ' rising towards his horns,' a poetic expression celsis cornibus.-16. fortis (in) fugacibus, 'bold with,' or 'in the case of the timid.'-33. Megareus Onchestius, Megareus of Onchestos. Onchestos, in Boeotia, had its name from its founder. The pedigree is-Neptune, Onchestos, Megareus, Hippomenes.-34. citra, on this side of,' i.e. unequal to.-40, tanti, 'worth so much.'-66. me, Venus, who is speaking. -75. comam, respective acc. JN. ramis crepitantibus fulvo auro. -81, 82, imitated from Virgil, En. vii. 808, &c. 138. indignis, 'complaining.'-143. The nymph Mentha was changed by Proserpine into the herb of the same name (mint).-148. Simile from a drop of rain falling in water, and raising a bubble.-149. JN. cum concolor flos ortus (est) de sanguine qualem (florem) punica quæ celant granum sub lento cortice, solent ferre. The flower of the anemone is here likened to that of the pomegranate. — 153. JN. Namque idem venti, qui præstant nomina (sc. flori) excutiunt (florem) male hærentem, et caducum nimia levitate.

XLI. 1. Tymoli, by-form of Tmolus.-7. JN. cui Thracius Orpheus cum Cecropio Eumolpo tradiderat orgia, Orpheus and his

scholar Eumolpus, of Athens, had jointly initiated Midas. 8. orgia, the rites of Bacchus; Greek, opyta. || Scan: "Orgia | trūdīdě rat cum | Cecropi|ō Eumōlpō.-12. coegerat agmen, had closed the line of march,' a military term. -13. Lucifer, the morning star.-19. munera solvit, pays the gift,'' discharges himself of his promise.'-21. Berecyntius heros, the Phrygian demigod; Midas was son of Cybele.-23. alta, to be construed with ilice.-32. Danaen eludere posset, as being liquid gold, like that by which Danae was visited. 47. Lenæe. Lenæus, from Anvós, the wine-press.'-49. mite, the specially kind'=mitissimum, the kindest,' used partitively with the gen. deûm.50. The text of this line is uncertain and perplexed with various readings: data munera solvit must mean, that he undoes or withdraws the grant he had made;' a different use of munera solvit from that in line 19.53. JN. carpe viam per jugum ripæ obvius labentibus undis.-57. succedit, comes to.". -63. pingue, prop. 'fat;' fig. 'dull,' 'heavy.' || nocitura erant,' were (destined) to be hurtful.'-80. caput, respective acc.-82. dentibus Indis, ivory.' -88. arguitur, 'is blamed.'-92. dat posse moveri, 'makes them capable of movement.' moveri, middle.-93. partem damnatur in unam, 'he is condemned in one part,' i. e. the penalty falls on one part of his person.-94. induitur, he is invested with.' aures, acc. after induitur.-102. terræ hausta, the soil that he had extracted.'-107. agricolam,' their planter.'-108. coarguit, 'convicted,'' brought to proof,' generally with acc. of person, and gen. of thing; here with acc. of thing.

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XLII. 6. Lucifero, the morning-star,' son of Aurōra.-13. tyranni, the sovereign,' without any accessory notion of cruel despotism.-14. velamenta. These screens or coverings used by suppliants were olive boughs, wound about with woollen bands.16. urbe vel agro se juvet, i. e. that he would allow him a residence in town or country.'-18. mediæ plebi, ' to people at large,' without distinction.-20. momenta potentia, powerful motives.' -28. quanta est, &c., 'great as is the boldness (of the bird), even so spirited was he (the man),' &c.-35. Thisbæas. Thisbê, a coast town in Boeotia, was celebrated for its doves.-60. nulli sc. avi. || satis æquus, 'not kind to any (bird),' i. e. sparing none. -61. JN. atque (ipse) dolens fit causa dolendi aliis, and being himself in grief, becomes a cause of grief to others.'-63. consorte suo, 'his kinsman;' fellow in blood and fortune.-75. templa mari subsunt, a temple lies by the sea.'— 83. JN. oblitus rictus (acc. pl. respect.) et spumis et crasso sanguine.-91. unda prima, lit. 'the first wave,' i. e. the wave nearest the shore, or the edge of the sea. || demugita,' filled with lowing,' a word found in this place only. 92. remittit, 'allows.'-96. memor admissi, 'remembering his guilt.' JN. colligit (Peleus) Nereïda orbam mittere damna sui (Pelei) inferias exstincto Phoco. He infers that the bereft Nereid was sending (these) losses of his to the murdered Phocus, as an offering to the dead.-99. Rex Etaus, Ceyx. Mount Ete being in his territory. quis, contracted from quibus. Observe cum

quis, for the usual form quibuscum.-105. pulchros piosque metus, thy graceful and affectionate fears.'-106. plena est promissi gratia vestri, my obligation for your offer is full.' || promissi, gen. objecti.-112. villos, respective acc., after infectum.—117. sed enim limits the preceding idea, the wolf, however, though recalled, persists,' &c.-120. mutavit. It is not clear, whether the act of transforming the wolf is attributed to Thetis or Psamathê.-121. servavit, (either the wolf, or his transformer for him) preserved,' &c.—125. sumit purgamina, obtains purification.' || Hæmonio Acasto, from Acastus the Thessalian (son of Pelias, of Iolkos).

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XLIII. 1. pectora, respective acc.—2. consulat: consulere has an acc. when it signifies 'to ask counsel of,' and a dat. when it means to 'give counsel to,' or 'plan for,' 'consult the interests of.' || sacras sortes: oracles were issued by drawing lots. || oblectamina, 'consolations.'-3. Clarium deum, the god of Claros,' i. e. Apollo, who had a celebrated oracular temple at Claros, on the coast of Ionia.-4. Phorbas, a freebooter at the head of the Phlegyæ, a predatory tribe of Thessaly, who plundered the temple at Delphi.-13. securus, in its proper meaning, free from care,' suggested perhaps by cura, in the preceding line.-15. at, puto. These words introduce a supposition corrective of the idea just before expressed. | tantumque dolebo, non etiam metuam, I shall be only grieved, not afraid.-19. She speaks of cenotaphs to the memory of those who had perished at sea. - - 21. Hippotades, i. e. Æolus, god of the winds, a descendant of Hippotes, and father of Alcyone, and the wife of Ceyx.-21. sit, in the subjunctive, as stating a supposition of the thought of Ceyx.-22. contineat placet, subjunctives depending on qui' as being one who.'-24. incommendata, a word apparently of Ovid's coinage, meaning, 'given up unconditionally.' -34. Æolidis, gen. of Eolis, i. e. Alcyonê, daughter of Æolus. -35. sidereus conjux, Ceyx, son of Lucifer. || ignis, fire (of love).'—39. causam probat, gains (her) approbation of the matter.'-42. per patrios ignes, by the light of his father (Lucifer).' 46. pinum, a bark, from the material of which it was made. || armamentis, the tackle.'-55. JN. atque (Alcyone) videt maritum stantem in puppe recurva atque dantem signa prima sibi concussa manu. || signa dantem prima, giving the first signals,' i. e. first giving signals.-62. moverat aura rudentes,' the breeze had stirred the cordage.' — 63. obvertit lateri pendentes navita remos, the shipman lays the pendent oars alongside.' The oars, while the crew were rowing, hung dropping towards the water; but when they ceased to row, and had recourse to the sails, the oars were drawn up and stowed alongside.-64. cornua, &c., ' he fixes the yards (or sprits) on the mast-top, and lets all the canvas down the mast.' The sail was braced to a yard-arm, crossing the mast at top, and was spread by letting it fall like a curtain from above.-66. quam is to be understood between the comparatives minus, amplius, and medium æquor. — 67. utraque tellus, of Thessaly and Ionia.-70. JN. rector clamat, Jamdudum

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demittite ardua cornua, et subnectite totum velum antennis, 'the sailing master cries out, This moment lower the sprits, and clew up the whole sail to the yards.'-74. subducere, to take in.'75. munire,' to stanch,' or 'stop its holes and crevices.'-76. egerit, from e and gerere, to bail out.'-78. hiems, prop. 'rainy season;' thence, winter,' and, as here, storm in general. 84. The verb to unda and ather is sonat, understood from sonant in the preceding line.-96. olim='at whiles,' or 'whilom,' in older English poetry.-97. aries,' the battering-ram.'-100. admiserat se, had got its force or impetus.'-101. arma, here the tackle and fittings of the ship;' the word is probably used in reference to its previous employment in v. 99.102. labant cunei, 'the bolts give way.'-108. caret ignibus æther, i. e. there is no star-light.'-112. fluctus dat saltus,' the wave takes a leap.'-114. assiluit, 'has leaped on.' — 118. decimæ undæ, the Latins regarded every tenth wave in succession as greater than the intermediate ones. -122. JN. omnes trepidant haud segnius, quam urbs solet trepidare, aliis fodientibus murum extra, atque aliis tenentibus murum intus.— 125. JN. atque totidem montes videntur ruere atque irrumpere, quot fluctus veniunt. 128. funera quos maneant,' whom burial awaits.' It was a great distress to apprehend the loss of sepulture. 140. superstes, standing over,' an image from a conqueror bestriding his fallen foe.-154. hiscere, to open his mouth.' — 162. JN. et festinat vestes jam quas ille induat, jam quas ipsa gerat ubi ille venerit.-171. functo morte: fungi morte, to die,' 'decease.'-172. funestas, implicated in a funeral, and therefore not fit for altarworship. 173. Iri, Iris, goddess of the rainbow, and Juno's special messenger.-179. JN. petit tecta latentia sub nube, jussi regis, she seeks the cloud-enveloped abode of the monarch bidden her.'-180. Cimmerios. The Cimmerii, a mythic people of the north, living in perpetual darkness.-189. JN. convicia humanae lingua. convicia, 'chatter.'-191. rivus aquæ Lethes, 'a streamlet of the water of Lethe.'-209. excussit sibi se, shook himself from himself,' i. e. from sleep; an Ovidian play on words.-213. reparas labori, ' refittest for toil.'-215. Herculea Trachine, in Trachis of Hercules.' Trachis derived its celebrity from being the scene of the death of Hercules.-223. Morphea, acc., Greek form of Morpheus, the chief dream-god. illo, compar. abl. jussos, any that he was bidden.' 228. Icelon, from Greek ἴκελος, 'counterfeiter.' Phobetora, from Greek poßnτwρ, frightener.'-230. Phantasos, from Greek párragos," apparition.' - 233, alii, other (inferior) dream-gods.-235. Thaumantidos, Greek gen. of Thaumantis, i. e. Iris, daughter of Thaumas.-240. Hæmoniam, Thessalian.-242. luridus, ' deadly pale.' -249. nil opis, 'no help.'-250. JN. noli promittere falso me tibi, 'do not vainly promise me to yourself,' i. e. do not expect my return. 252. solvit, 'broke to pieces,'' wrecked.'—262. JN. manus habebat gestum Ceÿcis.-285. duxisses, subjunctive, ut being understood.-286. neque enim, &c., 'for (in that case) there would have been no moment of my life which I should not have spent

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with you, nor would my death have been separate from yours.'294. junget nos litera, she means that their deaths shall be recorded in one inscription.-300. retinacula, the hawsers by which the vessel was secured to the shore.-303. spatio distante, abl. abs., the interval being wide.'-307. quia naufragus, 'inasmuch as it was a shipwrecked person.'-310. quo-hoc, comparatives, the more she looks at it, the less she keeps her senses.'-318. incursus prædelassat aquarum, softens and wears down the waves before they flow in.' || prædelassat, a word of Ovid's coinage.-319. mirum fuit potuisse (insilire).—333. septem dies placidos. In those seas there are generally a few fine calm days in February. These are the Alcedonia, or Halcyon days.336. præstat,' grants them the use of,'' affords them secure possession of.'

XLIV. 2. triplicis mundi,' of the threefold universe,' regarded as consisting of earth, sea, and sky.—3. JN. unde (i.e. ex quo loco), inspicitur (id), quod est usquam, quamvis absit regionibus. - 14. increpuit, has caused to sound;' transitive and poetical.-21, sqq. Credulitas, Error, Lætitia, Timores, Seditio, Susurri, these, like Fama, are personifications.-23. repens, either repentinus, suddenly breaking out;' or, in its primary sense, 'creeping,' 'growing stealthily,' which seems better to agree with the spirit of the passage.-24. JN. ipsa videt quid rerum geratur in cœlo, pelagoque et tellure. || quid rerum: quid, substantively, with partitive gen. whatsoever.'

XLV. 5. suam, sc. partem, implied in following pars. 13. Hippodame, wife of Pirithous, and daughter of Adrastus, is not to be confounded with Hippodamê, wife of Pelops, and daughter of Enomǎus.-65. Brotean et Orion, Greek acc. of Broteas and Orios. 66. Mycale, an enchantress. Thessaly was noted for magical arts. -113. Scan: at nōn | Eūrýno|mōs Lyci|dāsqu' ět *Arēŏs ět | ̄Imbreūs.-119. sine fine, incessantly,' uninterruptedly.'-146. occupat, 'prevents,' is 'beforehand with.'-154. pectora, respective acc.-180. duo pectora, the Centaur's double chest,' of horse and man.-181. ante, previously,' before the last-mentioned achievement. -213. rore maris-rore marino, rosemary.' -237. volubilitas, prop. 'capability of rolling;' then for round form, 'ball.'-239. vimine querno, a basket plaited of oaken twigs. - 255. Pelethronius, a mountain in Thessaly, inhabited by the Lapitha.-258. 'Do not think that Mopsus, son of Ampycus, did nothing but sing prophecies.'-269. Macedonia, the second syllable of this word is here used long; it is commonly short.sarissa, the long spear of the Macedonians.-276. pararis, contracted from paraveris.-282. Phyllei juvenis. Cæneus, who was a native of Phyllus, in Thessaly.-290. gemitus, acc. pl. corpore, abl. loci, on a mass.'-292. JN. ut satis præbuit illæsos artus miranti, when he had sufficiently displayed his unwounded limbs to the astonished foe.'-330. sua castra, his camp;' that is, the ground occupied by himself and his associates.

XLVI. 2. Eacides, Achilles, grandson of Æacus.-3. arserat.