By the act of March 2, 1919 (40 Stat., 772), known as the Dent Act, the Court of Claims is given jurisdiction of the class of war claims therein specified. In these cases the action of the Secretary of War upon the claim, or his failure to act thereon, is a condition precedent to the right of the claimant to commence an action in the Court of Claims.

By section 151, Judicial Code (36 Stat. L., 1135), whenever any bill, except for a pension, is pending in either House of Congress providing for the payment of a claim against the United States, legal or equitable, or for a grant, gift, or bounty to any person, the House in which such bill is pending may, for the investigation and determination of facts, refer the same to the Court of Claims, which shall proceed with the same in accordance with such rules as it may adopt and report to such House the facts in the case and the amount, where the same can be liquidated; including any facts bearing upon the question whether there has been delay or laches in presenting such claim or applying for such grant, gift, or bounty, and any facts bearing upon the question whether the bar of any statute of limitation should be removed or which shall be claimed to excuse the claimant for not having resorted to any established legal remedy, together with such conclusions as shall be sufficient to inform Congress of the nature and character of the demand, either as a claim, legal or equitable, or as a gratuity against the United States, and the amount, if any, legally or equitably due from the United States to the claimant: Provided, however, That if it shall appear to the satisfaction of the court upon the facts established that under existing laws or the provisions of this chapter, the subject matter of the bill is such that it has jurisdiction to render judgment or decree thereon, it shall proceed to do so, giving to either party such further opportunity for hearing as in its judgment justice shall require, and it shall report its proceedings therein to the House of Congress by which the same was referred to said court.

Section 5, act of March 4, 1915 (38 Stat., 996), provides: "That from and after the passage and approval of this act the jurisdiction of the Court of Claims shall not extend to or include any claim against the United States based upon or growing out of the destruction of any property or damage done to any property by the military or naval forces of the United States during the war for the suppression of the rebellion, nor to any claim for stores and supplies taken by or furnished to or for the use of the military or naval forces of the United States, nor to any claim for the value of any use and occupation of any real estate by the military or naval forces of the United States during said war; nor shall said Court of Claims have jurisdiction of any claim which is now barred by the provisions of any law of the United States."

By act of March 3, 1891, chapter 538 (26 Stat. L., 851, and Supplement to R. S., 2d ed., p. 913), the court is vested with jurisdiction of certain Indian depredation claims. The act of June 25, 1910, chapter 423 (36 Stat. L., 851-852), "An act to provide additional protection for owners of patents of the United States, and for other purposes," conferred a new jurisdiction.

There are five judges, who sit together in the hearing of cases, the concurrence of three of whom is necessary for the decision of any case.

All claims are prosecuted in the Court of Claims by an action commenced by the filing of a petition and prosecuted in accordance with the rules of the court, copies of which rules can be obtained upon application to the clerk of the court.

The court is located at Washington, D. C., in the old Corcoran Art Building, Seventeenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. The term begins on the first Monday in December each year and continues until the Saturday before the first Monday in December. Cases may be commenced and entered at any time, whether the court be in session or not.

JUDICIARY.

SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES.

(In Capitol Building. Phones, marshal's office, Main 1; clerk's office, Main 3476.) EDWARD DOUGLASS WHITE, Chief Justice of the United States, was born in the parish of Lafourche, La., in November, 1845; was educated at Mount St. Mary's, near Emmitsburg, Md., at the Jesuit College in New Orleans, and at Georgetown (D. C.) College; served in the Confederate Army; was licensed to practice law by the Supreme Court of Louisiana in December, 1868; elected State senator in 1874; was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court of Louisiana in 1878; was elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat, to succeed James B. Eustis, and took his seat March 4, 1891; while serving his term as Senator from Louisiana was appointed, February 19, 1894, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, and took his seat March 12, 1894. Appointed by President Taft December 12, 1910, Chief Justice of the United States, and took the oath of office December 19, 1910.

JOSEPH MCKENNA, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., August 10, 1843; attended St. Joseph's College of his native city until 1855, when he removed with his parents to Benicia, Calif., where he continued his education at the public schools and the Collegiate Institute, at which he studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1865; was twice elected district attorney for Solano County, beginning in March, 1866; served in the lower house of the legislature in the sessions of 1875 and 1876; was elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second Congresses; resigned from the last-named Congress to accept the position of United States circuit judge, to which he was appointed by President Harrison in 1892; resigned that office to accept the place of Attorney General of the United States in the Cabinet of President McKinley; was appointed, December 16, 1897, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States to succeed Justice Field, retired, and took his seat January 26, 1898.

OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, of Boston, Mass., Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, was born in Boston, Mass., March 8, 1841; graduated from Harvard College in 1861; July 10, 1861, commissioned first lieutenant of the Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry; October 21, shot through the breast at Balls Bluff; March 23, 1862, commissioned captain; shot through the neck at Antietam September 17; shot in the heel at Maryes Heights, Fredericksburg, on May 3, 1863; on January 29, 1864, appointed aid-de-camp to Brig. Gen. H. G. Wright and served with him until expiration of term of service; brevets as major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel; Harvard Law School, LL. B., 1866; in 1873 published twelfth edition of Kent's Commentaries, and from 1870 to 1873 editor of the American Law Review, in which, then and later, he published a number of articles leading up to his book entitled, "The Common Law" (Little, Brown & Co., 1881), first, however, delivered in the form of lectures at the Lowell Institute. An article on "Early English Equity," in the English Law Quarterly Review, April, 1885, also may be mentioned, and later ones in the Harvard Law Review. From 1873 to 1882 he practiced law in the firm of Shattuck, Holmes & Munroe; in 1882 took a professorship at the law school of Harvard College, and on December 8 of that year was commissioned a member of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts; on August 2, 1899, he was made chief justice of the same court. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President Roosevelt, confirmed by the Senate December 4, 1902, and sworn in and took his seat December 8, 1902. He has published a volume of speeches (Little, Brown & Co.); also Collected Legal Papers, 1920 (Harcourt, Brace & Howe). LL. D. Yale, Harvard, Williams, and Berlin; D. C. L. Oxford. Corresponding fellow of the British Academy.

WILLIAM_R. DAY, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, was born in Ravenna, Ohio, April 17, 1849, being a son of Judge Luther Day, of the Supreme Court of Ohio. In 1866 he entered the academic department of the Univer

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sity of Michigan, where he graduated in 1870; he also spent one year in the law department of that institution. In 1872 he was admitted to the Ohio bar and began the practice of law in Canton, Stark County, Ohio, where he was elected judge of the court of common pleas in 1886. In 1889 he was appointed United States district judge for the northern district of Ohio by President Harrison, which position he declined. In April, 1897, he was appointed Assistant Secretary of State by President McKinley, and in April, 1898, was made Secretary of State, which position he resigned to accept the chairmanship of the commission which negotiated the treaty of peace with Spain at the close of the Spanish-American War. In February, 1899, he was appointed United States circuit judge for the sixth judicial circuit by President McKinley. In February, 1903, he was made an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court by President Roosevelt, taking the oath of office March 2 of that year.

WILLIS VAN DEVANTER, of Cheyenne, Wyo., Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, was born at Marion, Ind., April 17, 1859; attended the public schools of his native town and Indiana Asbury (now De Pauw) University LL. D. 1911); was graduated from the law school of the Cincinnati College in 1881; practiced his profession at Marion, Ind., until 1884, and subsequently at Cheyenne, Wyo., where he served as city attorney, a commissioner to revise the statute law of Wyoming, and member of the Territorial legislature; was appointed chief justice of the Territorial supreme court by President Harrison in 1889, and by election was continued as chief justice on the admission of the Territory as a State in 1890, but soon resigned to resume active practice; was chairman of the Republican State committee in 1894; was a delegate to the Republican national convention and also a member of the Republican national committee in 1896; was appointed assistant attorney general of the United States by President McKinley in 1897, being assigned to the Department of the Interior, and served in that position until 1903; was professor of equity pleading and practice 1898-1903, and of equity jurisprudence 1902-3 in Columbian (now George Washington) University; was appointed United States circuit judge, eighth circuit, by President Roosevelt in 1903; was appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President Taft December 16, 1910, and entered upon the duties of that office January 3 following.

MAHLON PITNEY, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, was born in Morristown, N. J., February 5, 1858, a son of Henry C. Pitney, who served from 1889 to 1907 as a vice chancellor of New Jersey. He was graduated from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) in 1879; admitted to practice law in New Jersey in 1882; elected to Congress from that State as a Republican in 1894 and reelected in 1896, serving in the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses; elected in 1898 to serve in the State senate for a term of three years, and in 1901 was president of that body; from November, 1901, until January, 1908, was an associate justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court, and in the latter month became chancellor of the State, in which office he served until he took his seat in the Supreme Court of the United States; was appointed by President Taft on March 13, 1912, to be an Associate Justice of that court, and took the oath of office five days later. Has received the degree of LL. D. from Princeton University and from Rutgers College.

JAMES CLARK MCREYNOLDS, of Nashville, Tenn., was born in Elkton, Ky., February 3, 1862; son of Dr. John O. and Ellen (Reeves) M.; B. S. Vanderbilt University 1882; graduate of University of Virginia law department 1884; unmarried; practiced at Nashville, Tenn.; Assistant Attorney General of the United States 19031907; thereafter removed to New York to engage in private practice; was appointed Attorney General of the United States March 5, 1913, and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States August 29, 1914, and took his seat October 12, 1914.

LOUIS DEMBITZ BRANDEIS, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, was born in Louisville, Ky., November 13, 1856; attended private and public schools there until 1872; then went to Europe, where he remained until 1875; attended Annen Real Schule in Dresden, Saxony, 1873 to 1875; attended Harvard Law School 1875-1878. He began the practice of the law in St. Louis, Mo., 1878; removed to Boston, Mass., in 1879, and practiced there until June, 1916, as a member first of the firm of Warren & Brandeis, and later of the firm of Brandeis, Dunbar & Nutter. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President Wilson on January 28, 1916, was confirmed by the Senate June 1, 1916, and took his seat June 5, 1916.

JOHN HESSIN CLARKE, of Cleveland, Ohio, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, was born in Lisbon, Ohio, September 18, 1857; graduated from Western Reserve College in 1877; admitted to the Ohio bar in 1878, and practiced in that State, for 2 years at Lisbon, for 15 years at Youngstown, and for 17 years at Cleveland; general counsel for New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad Co. 13 years. In July, 1914, he was appointed by President Wilson United States district judge for the northern district of Ohio. In June, 1916, he received the degree of LL. D. from Western Reserve University. On July 14, 1916, he was nominated by President Wilson to be Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; was confirmed by the Senate on July 24, took the oath August 1, and entered upon the duties of the office on October 9.

RESIDENCES OF THE JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.

[The * designates those whose wives accompany them; the † designates those whose daughters accompany them.]

*Mr. Chief Justice White, 1717 Rhode Island Avenue.

*Mr. Justice McKenna, The Connecticut.

*Mr. Justice Holmes, 1720 I Street.

†Mr. Justice Day, 1301 Clifton Street.

*Mr. Justice Van Devanter, 1923 Sixteenth Street.

*Mr. Justice Pitney, 2019 Massachusetts Avenue.

Mr. Justice McReynolds, The Rochambeau.

*Mr. Justice Brandeis, Stoneleigh Court. Mr. Justice Clarke, 2400 Sixteenth Street.

RETIRED.

Mr. Justice Shiras.

OFFICERS OF THE SUPREME COURT.

Clerk.-James D. Maher, 1712 N Street.

Deputy clerk.-H. C. McKenney, The Mendota.
Marshal.-Frank Key Green, 2907 Q Street.

Reporter.-Ernest Knaebel, 3707 Morrison Street.

CIRCUIT COURTS OF APPEALS OF THE UNITED STATES.

First judicial circuit.-Mr. Justice Holmes. Districts of Maine, New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Porto Rico.

Circuit judges.

George Hutchins Bingham, Concord, N. H.; Charles F.

Johnson, Portland, Me.; George W. Anderson, Boston, Mass.
Second judicial circuit. Mr. Justice Brandeis. Districts of Vermont, Connecticut,
northern New York, southern New York, eastern New York, and western New
York.

Circuit judges.-Henry G. Ward, New York, N. Y.; Henry Wade Rogers, New
Haven, Conn.; Charles M. Hough, New York, N. Y.; Martin T. Manton,
Brooklyn, N. Ý.

Third judicial circuit. Mr. Justice Pitney. Districts of New Jersey, eastern Penn-
sylvania, middle Pennsylvania, western Pennsylvania, and Delaware.
Circuit judges.-Joseph Buffington, Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. Warren Davis, Trenton,
N. J.; Victor B. Woolley, Wilmington, Del.

Fourth judicial circuit.-Mr. Chief Justice White. Districts of Maryland, northern
West Virginia, southern West Virginia, eastern Virginia, western Virginia,
eastern North Carolina, western North Carolina, and eastern and western South
Carolina.

Circuit judges.

-; Martin A. Knapp, Washington, D. C.; Charles A. Woods,

Marion, S. C. Fifth judicial circuit.-Mr. Justice McReynolds. Districts of northern Georgia, southern Georgia, northern Florida, southern Florida, northern Alabama, middle Alabama, southern Alabama, northern Mississippi, southern Mississippi, eastern Louisiana, western Louisiana, northern Texas, southern Texas, eastern Texas, western Texas, and Canal Zone.

Circuit judges.-Richard W. Walker, Huntsville, Ala.; Nathan P. Bryan, Jacksonville, Fla.; Alex. C. King, Atlanta, Ga.

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