... 692 854 .275 ...407 .... .800 ...800 1,220. 1,502 1,449.. 3,000 ...172 ...314 18 .... 67 ...776 4,500 5,000 ..139 ...295.. 1,800 2,763 3,926 5,937 10,000 ...494...933 1,594.. 5,000 1,589 5,234 3,218 3,978 5,029 10,000 ...468...914 1,638 5,000 Manitowoc, Marquette, ...... ...... ...... .343 5,500 ..500 3,245 11,686 18,149 30,945 46,678 117,000 By this table there appears to be a diminution of popuand lation in the county of Brown, between 1838 and 1840, in Portage county between 1840 and 1842: the first was occasioned by setting off new counties from Brown, and the last by the omission, in 1842, of the soldiers and officers of the garrison at Fort Winnebago. In 1842, the population of Milwaukee county was nearly one-fourth of the whole number in the Territory. In 1840, the number of males was * Estimated by members of the Legislature, in January, 1846. Number of white persons over twenty years of age who could not read or write Scholars in common schools 5 9 13 7,047 794 479 1,814 259 1,701 1,937 Until very recently lead, copper, shot, and furs, were the chief articles of export from Wisconsin-nearly all her other products being consumed within herself for the support of those engaged in mining, and of the immense immigration which is so rapidly flowing in upon us; thus creating that best of all markets, a HOME MARKET, for all the surplus produce. We may now add to this list, wheat, flour, pork, hides, wool, rags, beer, potash, salæratus, brooms, and many other articles of produce and manufacture, exported by way of the Lakes, to the eastern markets; and lumber sent down the Mississippi, from the pine regions of the Wisconsin, St. Croix, Chippewa, &c. The following table shows the products of Wisconsin during the year 1839, as exhibited by the United States census of 1840: This census further shows that there were then 178 stores and groceries, 14 lumber yards, 1 tannery, 3 distilleries, 3 breweries, 6 printing-offices, 4 flouring mills, 29 grist mills, and 124 saw mills. It is made the duty of the Commissioner of Patents at Washington to collect statistics of the amount of agricultural products of the country, annually, and make report to Congress. Although these estimates are conjectural, and necessarily imperfect, yet they are the best data we have for the amount of produce. The following is the estimate for Wisconsin in 1844: This estimate is based on the supposition that the popu lation had not increased to more than 52,379, which is only about half its real amount. With due allowance for the increase of population and of land cultivated, it is probable that this estimate could be increased about one half, and still be within the truth. The value of taxable property in the different counties in 1845 was as follows: Little has yet been done in the construction of public works in Wisconsin. Appropriations have been made by the general government, and expended on the following roads ; From Green Bay, by Milwaukee and Racine, to the State line-distance one hundred and fifty-eight miles. From Milwaukee, by Aztalan and Madison, to the Mis sissippi, at a point opposite Dubuque. From Sauk Harbor, on Lake Michigan, to Dekorre, on the Wisconsin river-distance eighty-six miles. From Fond du Lac, by Fox Lake, to the Wisconsin river. From Racine, by Janesville, to Sinipee, on the Mississippi-distance one hundred and fifty miles. From Fort Howard, Green Bay, by Fort Winnebago at the Winnebago portage, to Fort Crawford, at Prairie du Chien, called the "Military Road"-distance from Fort Howard to Fond du Lac, fifty-six miles; thence to Fort Winnebago, sixty miles; thence to Fort Crawford, one hundred and nineteen miles. From Southport by Geneva to Beloit sixty-nine miles. From Sheboygan by Fond du Lac to Fox river, sixty-five miles. Appropriations have also been made and expended for the construction of a pier at the north end of Lake Winnebago, and of harbors at Milwaukee, Racine and Southport. Surveys have been made by Capt. T. J. Cram, of the United States Topographical Engineers, for which appropriations were made by Congress, of the Wisconsin and Neenah rivers; of Rock river; and of the Catfish or river of the Four Lakes. The reports relative to these rivers have been published, accompanied by maps. Surveys have also been made for the sites of several harbors on Lake Michigan, by the U. S. Engineers, viz: at Kewaunee, Manitowoc, and Sheboygan. The Territory having no adequate resources of its own, and its government being only a limited and temporary one, not having the powers of sovereignty like an independent State, does not engage in the construction of public works, for the improvement of the country; but numerous companies have from time to time been incorporated for that purpose, as may be seen by the following list: The "Portage Canal Company" was incorporated by the Legislature of Michigan, in 1834, to construct a canal to connect the waters of the Neenah and Wisconsin rivers, at or near the place known as the Wisconsin Portage. The "Wisconsin Internal Improvement Company" was also incorporated by the Legislature of Michigan, in 1835, "for the purpose of opening a communication by land or water, between Green Bay and the Mississippi river; by removing the obstructions in the bed of Fox river, or by creating a slack water navigation over its rapids, and by cutting a canal from the Fox to the Wisconsin or Rock rivers, or from Winnebago lake; or by constructing a rail or |