natives live to a great age. On the north side of this chain the land is refreshed with breezes, and contains plenty of springs; but the southern side is in want of good water, il cultivated and thinly peopled, the settlers being chiefly on the north. In Merida the nights and days are nearly of a length, owing to its situation. In Yucatau there are very few rivers of any consequence, but springs are numerous, especially on the north side; and in digging for their wells, in which they always find water at a little depth, shells are usually found, from which, with the shallowness of the sea near the coast, it has been supposed that the greater part of the peninsula was once submerged. The eastern coast of Yucatan is not inhabited by Spanish colonists, the English alone appearing there, except in the small fort of Bacalar, which has been built to prevent the British from going into the interior. The British logwood cutters find that article in greatest perfection in Campeachy bay, and in the bay of Honduras; but it has been said that the logwood of Campeachy is more plentiful, as well as greatly superior to that of Honduras. The chief towns are Campeachy, or St Francisco de Campeche, Merida de Yucatan, and Valladolid. Here are, besides, some Indian villages. The logwood cutting establishments are under the Spanish governor; but by the treaty of peace in 1783, the British were allowed the privilege of cutting it without being molested. The wood is felled at stated seasons, and in stated places, by permission of the intendant, and is dried for a year previous to exportation. This wood is not confined to Yucatan; it grows in abundance on the coast of South America, near the mouths of the Orinoco. Population, including the Indians, 465,800. YUCATAN. See Merida de Yucatan. YUCAY, SANTIAGO DE, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Urubamba. YU-CHAN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-see. YUCUL, a settlement of Peru, in the vince of Chancay. pro YUE, a town of China, of the second rank, in Yunan. Long. 103. 22. E. Lat. 25. 22. N. YUEN, a river of China, which runs into the lake Tong-ting. YUEN, a city of China, of the second rank, in Hooquang. Long. 109. E. Lat. 27. 23. N. YUEN-CHAN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-see. YUEN-CHE, a town of China, of the third rank, in Pe-che-lee. YUEN-KIANG, a city of China, of the first rank, in Yunan, on the Hoti river, in a mountainous but fertile country, abounding with silk and areca. Long. 101. 41. E. Lat. 23. 37. N. YUEN-MEOU, a town of China, of the third rauk, in Yunan. YUEN-OU, a town of China, of the third rank, in Honan. YUEN-SI, a town of China, of the third rank, in Hooquang. YUEN-TCUEOU, a city of China, of the first rank, in Kiang-see, on the borders of air agreeable little lake. Its district produces alumn and vitriol. Long. 114. E. Lat. 27. 50. N. YUEN-YANG, a city of China, of the first rank, in Hooquang, on the river Han, and in a plain encompassed by mountains, in which tin is found. 517 miles S. S. W. of Peking. Long. 110. 29. E. Lat. 32. 50. N. YVERDUN, a small town of the Swiss canton of Vaud, at the south extremity of the lake of Neufchatel, where the Orbe flows into the lake. It is beautifully situated; and the roads leading to it form alleys of trees, for a considerable distance from the gates. The town itself is neatly built, contains 2500 inhabitants, and has a brisk traffic, chiefly in the transit of goods; an advantage owing to its command of water carriage, boats going from it to the Rhine, by the lakes of Neufchatel and Bienne, the rivers Thiel, and the Aar. A canal, in the direction of the lake of Geneva, was begun in the middle of the 17th century, but it has never been finished. This little place has a public library, with a collection of natural history and Roman antiquities. It is also of some note for painting, and is the seat of the well known school of Pestalozzi. 38 miles W. S. W. of Berne, and 48 N. N. E. of Geneva. YVETOT, an inland town of France, in Normandy, department of the Lower Seine, 22 miles N. W. of Rouen. It is situated on the highest point of a ridge of hills, so that water is scarce; but the surrounding country is fertile in corn, and produces abundance of apples, of which cyder iş made. It contains nearly 10,000 inhabit ants, who have all the characteristic industry of Normans, and manufacture large quantities of linen, muslins, druggets, dimities, and different kinds of knitting. YVETTE, a small river in the north of France, department of the Seine and Oise, which rises near St Hubert, and falls into the Orge at Savigny. In 1787, a canal was begun, to conduct its waters to Paris, YUHUARI, a river of the extensive plains of South America which border the great river Amazons, of which it is a tributary. YUINEIMA, a river of Paraguay, which runs cast, collecting the waters of many others rivers, and runs into the Parana. YUIPA, a small river of Paraguay, in South America, which runs north-northwest, and enters the Uruguay. YUISPIN, an Indian settlement of the province of Buenos Ayres, on a branch of the Parana. Long. 60. 20. W. Lat. 29. 43. S. YU-KANG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-see. YU-KAO, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kianguan. YU-KING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Koei-tchoo. YU-LON, a town of China, of the third rank, in Chan-si. YUMA, YUMBA, or LONG ISLAND, one of the Bahama Islands, about 50 miles in length, of very unequal breadth. Long. 74. 50. W. Lat. 23. 20. N. It lies north of the island of Cuba, and was discovered by Columbus. YUMBA BAY, a bay on the south coast of the island of St Domingo, between the island of Saona and the point of Espada. YUMBEL, a settlement of Chili, in the province of Itata. YUMBO, a settlement of New Granada, in the province of Popayan. YUME, a river of the country which borders the Amazons. It runs east, and enters the Amazons. YUMETOS, a cluster of small islands among the Bahama islands, about 20 miles S. W. of Yuma. YUMSONG, a small island near the coast of China. Long. 121. 17. E. Lat. 31. 42. N. YUN, a city of China, of the second rank, in Yunan. Long. 99. 35. E. Lat. 24. 32. N. YUNA, a large river of St Domingo, which rises in the mountains of the centre of the island, runs to the north-north-east, and, near the town of Cotuy, turns its course to south-south-east, and enters the sea in the bay of Samana, forming several islands at its mouth. YUNAN, a province of China, situated on its south-western frontier. It is bounded on the north by Sechuen and Thibet, on the east by Quang-see and Koei-tehoo, on the south by Laos, and on the west by Ava and Pegu; about 300 miles in length, and 250 in breadth. This province, though mountainous, is reckoned one of the most fertile and opulent in China. It is well watered by rivers and lakes. The inhabitants are brave, robust, affable, and fond of the sciences, which they cultivate with success. It produces gold, copper, and tin mines; amber, rubies, sapphires, agates, pearls, precious stones, marble, musk, silk, elephants, horses, gums, medicinal plants, and linen. Its commerce is immense. This province contains 21 cities of the first class, and 55 of the second and third. Sir George Staunton estimates the population at eight millions. YUNAN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Yunan. YUNAN, a city of China, of the first rank, and capital of the province of the same name, situated at the northern extremity of a large and deep lake. It was formerly celebrated for its extent, and the beauty of its public edifices. Here were seen magnificent buildings, vast gardens, tombs, triumphal arches, and elegant squares; but the Tartars, in their different invasions, destroyed all these monuments; and the city at present contains nothing remarkable: it is, however, the residence of the governor of the province. Long. 102. 28. E. Lat. 25. 6. N. YUNDUZA, SANTA CRUZ DE, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Puebla, containing 116 families of Indians. YUNG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Quangsee. YUNGA, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Conchucos. YUNGAI, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Huailas. YUNGAR, a river of Louisiana, which de rives its name from the vast number of springs at its source. It is navigable for canoes 100 miles, and is celebrated for the abundance of bears which are found on its branches. YUNG-FOU, a town of China, of the third rank, in Quangsee. YUNG-HO, a town of China, of the third rank, in Chan-si. YUNG-KANG, a city of China, of the second rank, in Quangsee. Long. 107. 26. E. Lat. 22. 56. N. YUNG-NGAN-POU, a fortress of China, in Chan-si, on the borders of Tartary. YUNG-NING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Se-chuen. YUNG-NING, a city of China, of the se cond rank, in Chan-si. Long. 110. 39. E. Lat. 37. 35. N. YUNG-PE. See Yong-pe. YUNG-PING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Yunan. YUNG-TCHUN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Quangsee. YUNGUI, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Chancay. YUNGUYO, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Omasuyos. YUNG-YANG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Sechuen, on the Kincha river. YUN-HING, a city of China, of the first rank, in Honan, watered by a river called Yuho. The country within its district is very large, and is partly flat, and partly mountainous, especially to the north and rivers, Long. south. It is watered by several YUN-LEAN-HO, a canal of China, formed of the river Pey-ho, or rather the river itself made navigable from Hiam-ho to Tientsin, in the province of Pe-che-lee, for the purpose of conveying corn towards Tongtcheou and Peking. The name in the Chinese language is said to mean cornbearing. YUN-MONG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Hooquang. YUNSHAN, the territory lying between the eastern limits of the Birman empire and China, of which very little is known, even to the Birmans. YUNTA, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Tucuman. YUNTAI, an island near the coast of China, in the Eastern seas, 30 miles in circumference, about two miles and a half 'from the continent. Long. 119. 19. E. Lat. 34. 35. N. YUN-TCHUN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Fo-kien. YUN-TOU, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-see. YVOIR, a small town of the Sardinian states, in Savoy, on the lake of Geneva. YVOIX LE PRE, a small town in the central part of France, department of the Cher, with 2400 inhabitants, ɛome ironworks, and a glass-house, near Chapelle d'Anguillon. YUPAN, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Conchucos. YUPANA, a small river of Cumana, which runs south, and enters the Cuyuni by the north side. YUQUI, a river of Paraguay, which falls into the Paraguay. YUQUIPA, a settlement of Quito, in the province of Quixos and Macas. YURA, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Collahuas. YURACARES, a river of Peru, in the province of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, which enters the Marmore. YURACAYO, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Chancay. YURANI, a river of Guiana, which runs from north to south, and enters the Cuyuni. YURE. See Ure. YURI, a small river of Guiana, which runs east, and enters the Arebato. YURIMA, a river of Peru, in the province of Pomabamba, which runs north, and enters the large river Beni. YURIRAPUNDARO, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mechoachan, containing 485 Indian families. YURMASICA, a settlement of Peru, in the `province of Chachapoyas. YURNA, a small island on the coast of Brazil, at the mouth of the river Amazons, near the equinoctial line. Long. 50. 40. W. YURUA, a river of Peru, which falls into the Amazons, and the upper part of which is little known. YURUA, a small island on the coast of Brazil, opposite to that of Marajo. YURUANI, a small river of Guiana, in Surinam, which enters the Caroni.-There is another river of the same name which enters the Caura. YURUARIO, a river of Guiana, which runs from north to south, and enters the Curguni, just before its entrance into the sea. YURUBASI, a river of the country bounding the river Amazons, which runs east, and enters the Rio Negro. YURUPA, or JUPURA, or JAPURA, a large river of New Granada, in South America, which in its origin is called the Caqueta, and, after a south-west course of nearly 1000 miles, during which it receives the accession of numerous tributaries, falls into the Amazons by many mouths, in Lat. 4. S. YU-TAI, a town of China, of the third rank, in Shan-tung. YUTAY, or JUTAY, a river of Peru, which is said to rise in a lake about 180 miles E. N. E. of Cuzco, runs north, and enters the Amazons by the south part, in Lat. 2. 40. S. YU-TCHIN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-nan. YU-TCHING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Honan. YU-TCHING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Shan-tung. YUTI, a settlement of Paraguay, on the shore of the Tebiquariguaza. Long. 56. 16. W. Lat. 26. 35. S. YU-TIEN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Pe-che-lee. YU-TSE, a town of China, of the third rank, in Chan-si, 15 miles S. E. of Taiyuen. YU-TSIEN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Tche-kiang. YUY, a river of South America, in the province of Buenos Ayres, which runs from south-east to north-west, and enters the Uruguay. YU-YANG, a town of Corea. Y-YANG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Honan. ZAAB, a district of Algiers, in Africa, lying immediately south of the province of Constantina, and consisting of a narrow track of land, under the Atlas. It formed anciently part of the Mauritania Sitifensis, and the Roman masonry may be traced all over it. ZAANDAM, OF SAARDAM, a town of the Netherlands, in North Holland, on the Zaan, near its junction with the Y. It consists properly of two great villages, called East and West Zaandam, containing together 10,700 inhabitants. The houses are for the most part of wood. They are curiously painted on the outside; and many of them are surrounded with sections of canals; so that, with their gardens, they have each the appearance of a petty island. The town carries on an active trade, particularly in timber, train-oil, tar, and similar articles. Its manufactures of ropes, tobacco, and paper, are extensive; but the most important branch of its industry is, and has long been, ship-building. At one period, in the flourishing days of Holland, it was reckoned among the greatest magazines of mercantile naval stores in the world. It was here that the czar Peter the Great, under the name of Peter Michailov, studied the art of ship-building. The house which he occupied, is still pointed out. 5 miles N. by W. of Amsterdam. ZAANDYX, a town of the Netherlands, in North Holland, with 1500 inhabitants. ZAB, a village of Irak Arabi, on the Euphrates, 65 miles W. S. W. of Bagdad. ŻAB, a river of Kurdistan, formed by the confluence of a multitude of small brooks, in the mountainous country to the east of the Tigris. About 150 miles north of Bagdad, on the road to Mosul, it falls into the Altun su, or golden water; and the united streams afterwards reach the Tigris. ZAB, GREAT, a considerable river of Kurdistan, which rises in the mountains of Solyma nia. It flows, first west, then north; and efter receiving several tributaries, falls into the Tigris, about 40 miles below Mosul. It is so deep, as only to be fordable during the summer months. ZABALETAS, a settlement of New Granala, in the province of Antioquia. ZABBAR, a town of the island of Malta, finely situated between Cottonera and Zeittone Around it are raised very fine wheat, Z. Indian corn, two sorts of cotton, one white, the other of a dark nankeen colour, and a quantity of the small purple figs, on which, with coarse brown bread, the natives chiefly live. Population 2400. ZABELTITZ, a village of Germany, in Saxony, 12 miles N. of Meissen, with a beautiful palace, belonging to the royal family. ZABER, a river of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, which joins the Neckar near Laufen. ZABIN, a small town of Russian Lithua nia, in the government of Minsk, 30 miles N. E. of Minsk. ZABLUTOW, a town of Russian Lithuania, in the province of Bialystok. Population 1400. 11 miles S. E. of Bialystok. ZABNO, a market town of Austrian Poland, on the river Donajec, 10 miles N. N. W. of Tarnow. ZABOLA, or SABOLA, a petty town of Transylvania, in the country of the Sek lers. It has salt mines in the neighbourhood, and is 10 miles N. of Cronstadt. ZABOROWO, a town of Prussian Poland, on the borders of Silesia. Population 1000. 22 miles E. N. E. of Gros Glogau. ZABULISTAN, the ancient name of a province of Hindostan, now included in "Afghanistan, and which comprised the districts of Cabul, Ghizne, and part of Lumghan. The city of Ghizne was its capital. ZACA, a village of Egypt, near the fron tier of Syria, 17 miles N. E. of El Arish. ZACACHE, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Oaxaca, containing 400 Indian families. ZACAN, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 333 Indian families. ZACAPUASTLA, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 500 Indian families, and 40 of Spaniards and mulattoes. ZACATECAS, one of the intendancies into which Mexico is now divided. This province is a mountainous and arid track, with a rigorous climate, and is singularly ill peopled. It is bounded on the north by the intendancy of Durango, on the east by the intendancy of San Luis Potosi, on the south by the province of Guanaxuato, and on the west by that of Guadalaxara. Its greatest length is 85 leagues, and its great. est breadth, from Sombrerete to the Real de Ramos, 51 leagues. The intendancy of Zacatecas is nearly of the same extent as Switzerland, which it resembles in many respects. The relative population is hardly equal to that of Sweden. The table land, which forms the centre of the intendancy of Zacatecas, rises to more than 6500 feet above the level of the sea. This province is famous for its mines, which are very rich. The mine of the Veta Negra de Sombrerete exhibited an example of the greatest wealth of any seam yet discovered in the two hemispheres. According to the latest enumeration, the inhabitants of the province amounted to 153,000. The extent of its surface is 2353 square leagues; and there are consequently 65 inhabitants to each square league. ZACATECAS, the capital of the above intendancy, situated about 120 miles N. of Guadalaxara, and 240 N. W. of Mexico. It is, after Guanaxuato, the most celebrated mining place in New Spain, and contains at least 33,000 inhabitants. It consists chiefly of one street, in a deep passage, between high rocks, crowned with cottages. ZACATEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 156 Indian families, and 46 Spanish. ZACATULA, or SACATULA, a small seaport, situated on the eastern coast of Mexico, on a river of the same name. It lies on the frontiers of the intendancy of Vallado lid, 130 miles S. W. of Valladolid. ZACATULA, a river of Mexico, which has its rise in the cordillera of Anahuac, and discharges itself into the Pacific. ZACATZAN, a town of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 300 Spanish, and 700 Indian families. 35 leagues E. N. E. of Mexico. ZACHARIE, a town of France, department of the Var, with 1500 inhabitants. 9 miles S. W. of St Maximien. ZACHEO, or DESECHIO, a small island, eight or nine leagues to the north-east by north of Mona, between the island of St Domingo and that of Puerto Rico. It is nothing more than a green mountain, 800 or 1000 yards long. ZACKEN, a river of Prussian Silesia, which rises among the Riesengebirge mountains, and joins the Bober below Hirschberg. Near its source is a mountain called the Zackenfall, about 2200 feet in perpendicular height. ZACONDA. See Saccondee. ZACONIA, or ZAKOUNIA, a mountainous district of Greece, occupying the south-east part of the Morea, and including portions of the ancient Laconia and Arcadia. See Maina. ZADAN, a town on the west coast of the island of Celebes. Long. 119. 9. E. Lat. 2. 55. S. ZADAON, or CADAON, a river of the south of Portugal, which rises in the mountains of Algarva, and falls into the ocean at St Ubes. ZADORA, a river of Spain, in the province of Alava, which flows past Vittoria. Its banks were the scene of the celebrated battle of 21st June 1813. ZAFANIN, a village of Fez, near the coast of the Mediterranean, 35 miles S. E. of Melilla. ZAPRA, a town of Spain, in Estremadura, situated on an eminence. It has only one church, but contains seven monasteries, and 6000 inhabitants, who are employed partly in tanning and making gloves, partly in rope-making and the manufacture of earthen-ware. 20 miles E. of Xeres de los Cavaleros. ZAFRA, a small town of Asiatic Turkey, in the government of Marasch, 15 miles W. of Tarsus.-There is another of the same name in the government of Trebisond, 50 miles N. W. of Trebisond. ZAGARA. See Sagara. ZAGAROLA, a small town of Italy, in the Ecclesiastical States, Campagna di Roma, with the title of a duchy. ZAGGOS, a mountain of Algiers, in Africa, in which are some salt mines. ZAGHAVA, a kingdom of Central Africa, described by the Arabian writers as situated on the eastern part of the course of the Niger; but its position is very difficult to determine, and no country of that name is mentioned by modern travellers. It probably occupied a part of the modern Bor nou. ZAGORA, a town in the east of European Turkey, in an inland situation, but adjoining a lake which communicates with the Black sea. It is called by the Greeks Debeltus or Dueltus, is situated in the province of Romania, and has nothing in particular to distinguish it from the general backwardness of a country thinly peopled, ill cultivated, and rarely visited by European travellers. 12 miles S. W. of Burgas, ZAGORA, a large village, or rather town, of European Turkey, in Greece, province of Magnesia, situated on the declivity of Mount Pelion, about a league from the sea. Its houses are in general surrounded with chesnut trees, but the adjacent territory is by no means fertile, and the place is remarkable for little except a Greek school, provided with a library and annual income. ZAGOREA, a district in the west of Turkey in Europe, in Albania, near the source of the river Vohutza. It is inhabited, not by Turks, but by Greeks, who are considered descendants of the ancient Pelago. |