mended that the full amount of $500 be continued for 1947. This is the only appropriation to which emergency expenses of the Trust Fund Board may be charged.

Dr. EVANS. We carry that to cover contingencies, but we have not spent any of it. But we do not know when we may have to pay on the properties administered by the Trust Fund Board. We might have a fire in one of those properties, or we might have certain other expenses. The Board meets in Washington, so there are no travel expenses. Mr. O'NEAL. Doctor, I think that concludes the hearing so far as we are concerned.

If you care to make any further statement we will be glad to hear you.

REFERENCE DEPARTMENT

GENERAL REFERENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY DIVISION

Dr. EVANS. Mr. Chairman, I would like to point out to the committee some of the important things we propose under the Reference Department which were passed over, without going into detail about them.

We did not take up the General Reference and Bibliography Division in which we have some important requests to carry an increased work load, and also requests to set up an education reference section, which we think is important in the light of current developments in the field of education, and also in the light of an agreement we made with the Office of Education for cooperative service in the field of education.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC PLANNING PROJECT

We did not take up the bibliographic planning project. We think much consideration must be given to the problem of bibliographical control of knowledge, in addition to the cataloging operations. We propose here to have two people to make studies in cooperation with other librarians and other library groups and scholarly groups to improve the bibliographical and indexing controls over foreign material.

There is a full statement about that on page 51 of the justifications. In the Hispanic Foundation we want to prepare a handbook of LatinAmerican studies. We hope the committee will give close study to that proposition and we will be glad to send you copies of the handbook for your examination. We think that is a valuable project. The printing cost would not be borne by appropriated funds.

Mr. O'NEAL. Do any of these things require authority to provide the funds that they require? Do any of these items require additional appropriations?

Dr. EVANS. They appear under "Salaries, Library Proper," but they do not show up in the language.

I think we covered the Maps Division yesterday, and we have that language right here on page 55 of the justifications. We propose that we provide the central service of the Government and that the others be working libraries.

MANUSCRIPTS DIVISION

As to the Manuscripts Division, we would like to have more personnel for cataloging and other work.

We also have a proposition for some help to give better service on the papers of the House of Representatives which are in our custody, physically, though they are under the control of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. That is set out on page 64 of the justifications, and we would like to do a better job in organizing and giving service on these valuable materials of the House of Representatives.

MUSIC DIVISION

We also have some important estimates for the Music Division, and there we have asked for a large amount. Some requests were put in from time to time, but because of the war we have not had people enough, and we have put in some very substantial increases that we think are necessary in view of the services to business and industry and other services that have been given by our Music Division. We have asked for a small increase for the microfilm reading room.

WORLD AREA DIVISIONS

Then we have a very important proposition which we think is basic and vital. We are proposing a regional approach by the expansion of the Orientalia Division to include the Philippine Islands, the South Pacific Islands, Korea, and certain other areas, and a Western European Division, a Soviet Union Division, a Central European Division, an African Division, a Canadian Section, and an Australian and a New Zealand Section.

Most of these are rather small divisions which we are proposing so that we may have experts on the various areas of the world, in order to collect intelligently books we require relating to those

countries.

Experience in the past 15 or 20 years has demonstrated to us that the only way you can have a collection of books that is meaningful in various areas of world culture and in the languages of strange areas, is to have experts to build up the materials.

DIVISION OF UNITED STATES HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION

We also propose to have a Division of United States History and Civilization. We do not have a division which specializes on that subject, and it is important that we have that division, because America is one of the two leading nations of the world, and whether we like it or not, there will be a terrific demand to know what America is like.

We think we should be well organized to answer demands for the authentic story of America. We have asked in that connection that there be compiled a complete set of the writings of Abraham Lincoln, but we are now withdrawing that request because we have been advised that the Abraham Lincoln Association is launching such a project. We think this group is competent to do the job in compiling complete records of the Great Emancipator.

We have requested a small unit to begin the history of the Library of Congress, to be ready for the sesquicentennial of the Library in

1950.

PRINTS AND PHOTOGRAPHS DIVISION

We have a request for the Prints and Photographs Division, where we are asking for 18 additional man-years, 10 of which are to handle the enormous photographic collection which has been transferred to us by the OWI without a nickel with which to operate it, whereas the OWI had in normal time 10 people to work on the collection. But we have been given the collection without anyone to work on it but our regular staff which has other duties than taking care of that great and growing section.

Mr. O'NEAL. You have asked for an appropriation for each of the items you have mentioned here?

Dr. EVANS. Yes.

IMPORTANCE OF PROGRAM OF LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

I want to ask the committee to take a lot of time on each of those things in coming to a final conclusion. The money we have estimated here represents quite an increase, but we hope and we believe that the committee will consider them carefully in making up its mind about our estimates.

As to our estimates, as I said in my opening statement, we think they are of importance, and we hope the committee will go as far as it feels it possibly can in granting them.

I would like to tell you about one statement made about the Library of Congress on the floor of the House some years ago by Thomas Bracket Reed, who later became Speaker of the House, as we all know. In 1882 he delivered a speech which was considered to be one of the best speeches he ever made.

He said:

* Why should the question merely of cost come [up] in such a connection, as if it were the only question? I am not one of those, Mr. Speaker, who despise the question of cost; but economy is not the refusal to spend anything. It is a refusal to spend money unwisely, and there has been no nation, no municipality, no collection of people that ever was civilized enough to have a library that did not realize that they ought to have a place suitable for it, a building fitted for the treasures a library building ought to enclose.

*

*

We think our estimates are not estimates that call for the spending of money unwisely. We believe these estimates are calculated to serve the national interest.

During the last 10 years the Library of Congress has been increased only 10 percent in number of positions. We have received in the last 5 years 122 new positions, which is less than 25 per year, on a base of 1,279, and that is only a 2-percent increase per year over a period of 5 years, and that was during the period of the greatest war in history. We deliberately held back estimates we could have submitted which were really needed. We thought out of respect to the war issues involved and the national situation we should not draw on our manpower, but should reorganize our work and make a little go as far as possible until after the war.

We have a great accumulation of unfilled needs and a great accumulation of piled-up work in our departments and branches of work.

We have nevertheless, of course, recognized the necessity under which this committee labors of being economically minded to the degree of cutting down some of these expenditures. As Mr. Cannon said yesterday, nearly all of the agencies have been coming in for increased expenditures in peacetime. But we would prefer not to be classed in that category, but as an agency performing certain basic service operations for the entire Government. If they are not performed in the Library of Congress, the other agencies will sneak them in in various ways and ask for greater expenditures for that purpose.

REDUCTIONS WHICH MAY BE MADE UNDER ESTIMATES

As I said yesterday, we can make some reductions without serious injury to our program. We can take a million dollars off "Salaries, Library proper," which would represent 36 percent of the recommended increase, because of the delay that would be natural in the filling of vacancies.

Mr. Henkle tells me that would reflect itself in a proportional decrease in the appropriation requested for the printing and binding of catalog cards, where we have the principal personnel for printing the cards, so we can save $169,300 there. Then, in not filling positions in the motion-picture project we could have about a 10-percent saving, which would mean $5,522.

In "Copyright salaries" we could not make a reduction in percentage as in the Library proper, but it would be about 10 percent, which would mean $21,340.

In "Salaries, Library buildings" we perhaps have a 10-percent cut there. We think we can fill most of those positions in about 2 months, but we can save $9,962.

In regard to the Union Catalog appropriation, we could cut that about in half and delay the completion of the project, with a saving of $90,209.

The total amount would be $1,296,333, which, subtracted from the total increase, would bring the new base to $3,355,951.

Mr. Chairman, if the committee would be willing to do it, we would propose the following procedure: If the committee makes a cut, we would suggest that it let us distribute the burden of the cut afterward rather than bringing in any proposals now, as was requested yesterday, to eliminate certain positions from our estimates. We can accept the deductions I have just mentioned, if economies are required, but after that is done, we would like the appropriations to be left intact. If a cut is made, 5 or 10 percent, or whatever it is, we would like that to be applied in the same proportion to those two appropriations, i. e., "Salaries, Library proper" and "Printing and binding, Catalog cards."

If we had a proportionate decrease, with the committee telling us about any specific item it wants not carried on or about things that it thinks should be carried on, we would of course observe those directives. Mr. O'NEAL. If there is any question about it you can come in and consult with the committee,

Dr. EVANS. Thank you very much for your comments.

Mr. TIBBOTT. After going over these justifications I find that the greatest personnel increases in the departments and activities recom

mended by the Joint Committee on the Reorganization of Congress, are in the administrative service, the reference department, the Copyright Office, the Legislative Reference Service, the Union Catalog, and the motion-picture project.

I was wondering if we did not have authority from Congress for these appropriations, if it will be necessary for us to get that from Congress before we can act upon them?

Dr. EVANS. We have no limitation on any of these appropriations except "Books for the adult blind."

Mr. O'NEAL. We can go into that, but I do not believe any further authority is needed.

Mr. TIBBOTT. I thought it might be subject to a point of order. Mr. O'NEAL. Thank you very much, doctor, and all of the members of your staff.

Ďr. EVANS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 24, 1946

ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL

STATEMENTS OF DAVID LYNN, ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL; CHARLES A. HENLOCK, ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER; ROBERT L. HARRISON, CHIEF ENGINEER, CAPITOL POWER PLANT; AND GEORGE A. WESCHLER, CONSULTING ENGINEER

GENERAL STATEMENT

Mr. O'NEAL. We have with us this morning the Architect of the Capitol.

Mr. Lynn, you may make any general statement about the work that comes under your supervision, that you like, and then you may make a statement about the appropriation requests.

Mr. LYNN. I have a short statement that I would like to make. first.

Mr. Chairman, it was my policy during the war to confine my estimates of appropriations to maintenance items, except in instances where failure of equipment or structural conditions compelled immediate expenditures for urgent repairs and improvements. As a result, we have accumulated during the past 5 years a backlog of much needed repairs and improvements.

In preparing my estimates for 1947, I. have included those items. of repairs, improvements, and alterations that I feel should be brought to the attention of the committee at this time. In bringing such items to the attention of the committee, I wish to state that 80 percent of the nonrecurring items are for the Library of Congress buildings, the need for which has been justified by the Librarian of Congress who stresses that such items are necessary for the proper functioning of the Library. Due to existing economic conditions, I have not included in my 1947 estimates a proposed postwar construction program which, in my judgment, should be undertaken just as soon as conditions in the country will permit.

For 1946, $2,476,070 was appropriated ($2,417,870 Budget; and $59,200-Public, 335 for "Legislative garage" and "Salaries, Library

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