It will be observed that this is about two thirds of the whole proceeds of sales of public land in this Territory, as exhibited in this work, page 31.

The number of arrivals of steamboats and other vessels, at Milwaukee, were noted by persons interested in such matters, during five or six years, as follows:

Since this time the number has been gradually increasing until there were, in 1845, about one thousand arrivals of steamboats and other vessels.

Appropriations have been made by Congress for the construction of a harbor at Milwaukee, and considerable progress has been made in the work. When this is completed, the largest steamboats can enter the river, and land at any of the wharves within the town. Several piers of a temporary kind have been constructed by individual enterprise, at which much of the commercial business is now done; and, owing to the great distance of the public harbor from the city (being about a mile below the first ware

houses), it is probable that the business will continue to be done at these piers to some considerable extent, even after the harbor is completed.

In April, 1845, a fire occurred on East Water street be-` tween Michigan and Huron streets, at which about one hundred thousand dollars worth of property was destroyed; but the space thus left vacant was in less than one year nearly all filled with substantial brick buildings, three, four, and five stories high.

There is in Milwaukee one daily newspaper, and another about to be commenced; and three weekly: one of the latter in the German language.

The MILWAUKEE BAY is a semicircular indentation of Lake Michigan, at Milwaukee, about six miles across, and three miles deep. The north and south points or capes protect the shipping from the effects of all storms or gales of wind, except those from the east, which seldom occur. The bottom is clay, affording good anchorage ground. The mouth of the river is about half a mile below the middle of this bay. It is supposed by many that all the space between the mouth of the river and the town, now occupied by impassable marshes, was once a portion of this bay, and there are many facts that go to substantiate, or render probable, this suggestion. It has been sounded to the depth of forty-two feet, without finding bottom; the apparent bottom, a few feet below the surface, being only an accumulation of the roots of grass and weeds floating on the water, and soft mud below.

The rivers and creeks of Milwaukee county are as follows:

BARK RIVER, and OCONOMEWOC CREEK, running in a southwesterly direction, through the western part of the county, into Rock river; MILWAUKEE RIVER, and the MENOMONEE RIVER, running in a southeasterly direction through the eastern part of the county into Lake Michigan; and between these lie the PISHTAKA or Fox RIVER

and its branches, which run south, into Racine county. ROOT RIVER also takes its rise in this county. Among the streams of less importance are the Kinnickinnic creek, which enters the Milwaukee river at the mouth; Mequanigo creek, a branch of the Pishtaka, in the town of the same name; Muskego creek, or outlet; Oak creek, a tributary of Lake Michigan; Pewaukee outlet; Poplar creek, a branch of the Pishtaka, in Brookfield; and the head waters of the Supernong, a branch of Bark river.

The MENOMONEE RIVER rises in the southern part of Washington county, and running in a southeasterly direction through the towns of Menomonee, Granville, and Wawatosa, enters the Milwaukee river, within the city limits of Milwaukee. It is a fine little stream, affording many valuable mill privileges, several of which are already improved. Several limestone quarries have been opened along its banks, which are usually high. It receives a branch in the town of Granville, called the "East Branch ;" and above that point the valley is much contracted in width, there being no bottom lands on either side. Below the East Branch, the level or bottom lands are usually about half a mile in width.

At the place called the Menomonee Falls, 15 miles from Milwaukee, this river passes between perpendicular banks of limestone, sometimes thirty feet in height. There is a fall here of forty-eight feet, in the space of half a mile, and mills have been erected here. There is no perpendicular fall of water. The limestone may be quarried in layers of any desired thickness, and much of it is of an excellent quality for building, and even for ornamental purposes, being hard, and of a uniform texture, resembling marble. Some layers are filled with small cells or cavities, occasioned probably by the decay of some mineral substance that once filled them. This variety is probably the best for the manufacture of lime, requiring less fuel than the more compact variety. There is a group of fine lakes in the western part of this

county, and several others in the different parts of the county, as follows:

CROOKED LAKE, on Bark river, one mile west of Nemahbin lake-not represented on the plats of public surveys.

GOLD LAKE (Wissauwa) on the line between Jefferson and Milwaukee counties. It discharges its waters through a small stream into Bark river. It. is three miles around, one mile and a fourth long, and has an area of two hundred and seventy acres.

KAUCHEE LAKE, on the Oconomewoc creek, next above the Oconomowoc lake, having a small lake called Mouse lake, near its northeast corner. It has a triangular shape, each side being about one and a half miles long, and a narrow bay extends half a mile from its southern extremity. It occupies nine hundred and fifty-seven acres, and has a periphery of five miles and three quarters. At the outlet of this lake a dam has been built, which has raised its waters above their original level.

LA BELLE LAKE, or the "beautiful lake," is the lower and largest of the Oconomewoc lakes, being two and a half miles long, one and a fourth wide, and occupying an area of a little more than two sections or square miles. It is six miles and a quarter around its shores. A town has been laid out at the eastern extremity of this lake, called Oconomewoc, where a dam across the creek produces a water power of considerable force. The west end of the lake is only one and a half miles from Rock river, and they might be connected by a canal. The river is fifteen feet lower than the lake, and the summit ridge is twenty-five feet higher than the lake, as ascertained by levelling.

LABRAUGH (Beaver) LAKE lies half a mile east from Pine lake, on which it discharges its waters. It is eightythree chains long, and sixty-nine wide, with a circumference of three and one-fourth miles, and occupying an area of four hundred and twenty-three acres.

The MEQUANIGO LAKE is an expansion of the Pishtaka

river, near the village of Mequanigo, one and a half miles long, and half a mile wide. It lies principally within an extensive marsh.

MOUSE LAKE, So called, probably, from its diminutive size, is one of the Oconomewoc group, one and three-fourth miles in circumference, fifty-three chains long, and occupying one hundred acres of surface. It lies near the Kauchee.

MONISH LAKE lies one mile southwest from Muskego lake. It is a small lake, forming the source of a branch of Muskego creek.

MUSKEGO is one of the largest lakes in the county, occupying three thousand one hundred and sixty-acres, or nearly five sections. It is three and seven-eighths miles long, two wide, and eleven miles around. It discharges its waters through Muskego creek, into the Pishtaka, at Rochester, in Racine county.

NAGOWICKA LAKE is near the centre of the town of Delafield, two miles and a quarter long, by three-fourths broad, and occupies an area of six hundred and ninety acres. It is five miles and a quarter around. Bark river runs through it transversely, and it contains a small island, which adds much to the beauty of the lake. The shores are high and covered with scattered trees, presenting a fine prospect to the eye. Its surface is three hundred and four feet above Lake Michigan.

NASHOTAH (Twin) LAKES-two small lakes lying north of Nemahbin lake, near the east line of the town of Summit. The north lake is two hundred and ninety-one feet above Lake Michigan, sixty-seven chains long, thirty-one wide, and has a periphery of two miles. On the east bank of this lake is the Episcopal College, recently established. The south lake is seventy-five chains long, twenty-seven wide, and has a periphery of two miles and a quarter.

NEMAHBIN LAKE lies near the east line of the town of Summit, and is quite similar, in many respects, to the Nagowica lake. Bark river passes through it transversely;