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Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 241 of this title.

Navigation rules for habors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 154 of this title.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in section 353 of this title. § 302. Definitions (Rule 1).

In the following rules every steam vessel which is under sail and not under power is to be considered a sailing vessel, and every vessel under power, whether under sail or not, is to be considered a steam vessel.

The words "steam vessel" shall include any vessel propelled by machinery.

A vessel is "under way" within the meaning of these rules when she is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.

The word "visible" in these rules, when applied to lights, shall mean visible on a dark night with a clear atmosphere.

The words "distinct blast" in these rules, when applied to whistle signals shall mean a clearly audible blast of any length. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1457, § 10, 33 Stat. 1032; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.
CODIFICATION

This rule, derived from R. S. § 4233, was amended by act Mar. 3, 1905. The amendment consisted in the addition of the definition of steam vessel, so as to make the rule conform to the similar provisions of act Aug. 19, 1890, ch. 802, § 1, 26 Stat. 320 (former section 62 of this title), act June 7, 1897, ch. 4, § 1, 30 Stat. 96 (section 155 of this title), and act Feb. 8, 1895, ch. 64, § 1, 28 Stat. 645 (section 242 of this title). Section 11 of the act Mar. 3, 1905, provided that it shall take effect July 1, 1905. See, also, note to section 301 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title. CROSS REFERENCES

Similar rules

International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1061 of this title.

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 242 of this title. Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 155 of this title.

§ 303. Penalty for violation by vessel.

Collectors or other chief officers of the customs shall require all sail vessels navigating the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico, and their tributaries to be furnished with proper signal lights.

Every such vessel that shall be navigated without complying with the Statutes of the United States, or the regulations that may be lawfully made thereunder, shall be liable to a penalty of $200, one-half to go to the informer; for which sum the vessel so navigated shall be liable, and may be seized and proceeded against by way of libel in any district court of the United States having jurisdiction of the offense. (Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 3, 28 Stat. 672.)

CODIFICATION

As originally enacted section 3 of act Feb. 19, 1895, did not contain the words "navigating the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico." See, also, note to section 301 of this title.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

All offices of collector of customs, comptroller of customs, surveyor of customs, and appraiser of merchandise in the Bureau of Customs of the Department of the Treasury to which appointments were required to be made by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate were ordered abolished, with such offices to be terminated not later than December 31, 1966, by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1965, eff. May 25, 1965, 30 F.R. 7035, 79 Stat. 1317, set out as a note under section 5 of this title. All functions of the offices eliminated were already vested in the Secretary of the Treasury by Reorg. Plan No. 26 of 1950, eff. July 31, 1950, 15 F.R. 4935, 64 Stat. 1280, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

CROSS REFERENCES

Certain functions relating to promulgation and enforcement of rules relating to lights transferred to Commandant of the Coast Guard, see note under section 1 of Title 46, Shipping.

Similar provisions

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 244 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 159 of this title.

Penalty for violations by vessel, see, also, section 355 of this title.

RULES CONCERNING LIGHTS

§ 311. Time for lights; prescribed lights exclusive (Rule 2).

The rules concerning lights shall be complied with in all weathers from sunset to sunrise, and during such time no other lights which may be mistaken for the prescribed lights, or impair their visibility, shall be exhibited. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat.

250.)

DERIVATION
Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.
CODIFICATION
See note to section 301 of this title.
AMENDMENTS

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT

Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title. CROSS REFERENCES

Similar rules

International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1061 of this title.

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 251 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 171 of this title.

§ 312. Lights of vessel towing alongside or pushing vessel or vessels (Rule 3).

A steam vessel when towing another vessel or vessels alongside or by pushing ahead shall carry(a) On the starboard side a green light so constructed and fixed as to show the light from ahead and not more than half a point on the port bow to two points abaft the beam on the starboard side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least three miles.

(b) On the port side a red light so constructed and fixed as to show the light from ahead and not more than half a point on the starboard bow, to two points abaft the beam on the port side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least three miles.

(c) The said green and red side lights shall be fitted with inboard screens painted black and projecting at least three feet forward from the light, so as to prevent these lights from being seen more than half a point across the bow.

(d) At or near the stern, where they can best be seen, two amber lights in a vertical line, one over the other, not less than three feet apart, of such a character as to be visible from aft for a distance of at least two miles, and so screened as not to be visible forward of the beam. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250; Aug. 14, 1958, Pub. L. 85-635, § 3, 72 Stat. 590.)

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International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1063 of this title.

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 252 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 172 of this title.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 313, 316, 317 of this title

§ 313. Lights of vessel towing vessel or vessels astern (Rule 4).

A steam vessel when towing another vessel or vessels on a hawser astern shall carry, in addition to the side lights described in section 312 (a), (b), and (c) of this title and at a greater height than those lights, in the forward half of the vessel, two bright white lights in a vertical line, one over the other, at least three feet apart. Each of these lights shall be so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of twenty points of the compass, so fixed as to throw the light ten points on each side of the vessel, namely, from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on either side and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least three miles. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.

CODIFICATION

See note to section 301 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally. 47-5000-71-vol. 87

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International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1063 of this title.

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see sections 253 and 254 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 173 of this title.

§ 314. Lights of seagoing steam vessels under way (Rule 5).

A seagoing steam vessel under way shall carry lights as required by section 72 of this title. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.
REFERENCES IN TEXT

Section 72 of this title, referred to in text, was article 2 of the International Rules, which was repealed by act Oct. 11, 1951, ch. 495, § 5, 65 Stat. 407, eff. Jan. 1, 1954, and is now covered by section 1062 of this title.

CODIFICATION

See note to section 301 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT

Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title.

§ 315. Lights of river steamers (Rule 6).

A river steamer, by which is meant a river-type steam vessel with two smokestacks in an athwartship line, may carry, in lieu of the lights prescribed by section 316 (a) of this title, the following lights, namely: One red light on the outboard side of the port smokestack and one green light on the outboard side of the starboard smokestack. Such lights shall show forward, aft, and abeam on their respective sides. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

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side lights as described in section 312 (a)-(c) of this title, a central range of two white lights, the after light being carried at an elevation higher than the light at the head of the vessel. The headlight shall be so constructed as to show an unbroken light through twenty points of the compass, namely, from right ahead to two points abaft the beam on either side of the vessel, and the after light so as to show all around the horizon.

(b) The lights for barges, canal boats, scows, and other vessels of nondescript type, when in tow of steam vessels, and for ferryboats, shall be as prescribed by the Commandant, United States Coast Guard (R. S. § 4233; Mar. 3, 1893, ch. 202, 27 Stat. 557; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 3, §§ 101-104, eff. July 16, 1946, 11 F. R. 7875, 60 Stat. 1097; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.

CODIFICATION

This rule, derived from R. S. § 4233, was amended by act Mar. 3, 1893, by inserting after the words "ferryboats," in the last sentence, a comma, and the words "barges and canal boats when in tow of steam vessels." See, also, note to section 301 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally. CHANGE OF NAME

"Commandant of the Coast Guard" was substituted for "board of supervising inspectors of steam vessels" on authority of 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 3 set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT

Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Coast Guard was transferred to the Department of Transportation and all functions, powers, and duties. relating to the Coast Guard, of the Secretary of the Treasury and of other offices and officers of the Department of the Treasury were transferred to the Secretary of Transportation by Pub. L. 89-670, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 931, which created the Department of Transportation. See section 1655(b) of Title 49, Transportation.

All functions of all officers of the Department of the Treasury, and all functions of all agencies and employees of such Department, were transferred, with certain exceptions, to the Secretary of the Treasury, with power vested in him to authorize their performance or the performance of any of his functions, by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by 1950 Reorg. Plan No. 26, §§ 1, 2, eff. July 31, 1950, 15 F. R. 4935, 64 Stat. 1280, set out in the Appendix to Title 5. Such Plan excepted, from the transfer, the functions of the Coast Guard, and of the Commandant thereof, when the Coast Guard is operating as a part of the Navy under sections 1 and 3 of Title 14, Coast Guard.

Similar rules

CROSS REFERENCES

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 256 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 178 (d) of this title. SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in section 315 of this title § 317. Lights of sailing vessels under way and vessels being towed; exceptions (Rule 8).

A sailing vessel under way, and any vessel being towed except barges, canal boats, scows, and other vessels of nondescript type when in tow of steam

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International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1065 of this title.

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 255 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 174 of this title.

§ 318. Lights of small vessels in bad weather (Rule 9). Whenever, as in the case of small vessels during bad weather, the green and red lights cannot be fixed, these lights shall be kept on deck, on their respective sides of the vessel, ready for instant exhibition, and shall, on the approach of or to other vessels, be exhibited on their respective sides in sufficient time to prevent collision, in such manner as to make them most visible, and so that the green light shall not be seen on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side. To make the use of these portable lights more certain and easy, they shall each be painted outside with the color of the light they respectively contain, and shall be provided with suitable screens. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

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International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1066 of this title.

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 257 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 175 of this title.

§ 319. Lights of overtaken vessels (Rule 10).

(a) A vessel when under way, if not otherwise required by these rules to carry one or more lights visible from aft, shall carry at her stern a white light, so constructed that it shall show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of twelve points of the compass, so fixed as to show the light six points from right aft on each side of the vessel, and of such a

character as to be visible at a distance of at least two miles. Such light shall be carried as nearly as practicable on the same level as the side lights.

(b) In a small vessel, if it is not possible on account of bad weather or other sufficient cause for this light to be fixed, an electric torch or a lighted lantern shall be kept at hand ready for use and shall, on the approach of an overtaking vessel, be shown in sufficient time to prevent collision. (R. S. §4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; Apr. 22, 1940, ch. 128, § 3, 54 Stat. 151; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250; Aug. 14, 1958, Pub. L. 85-635, § 4, 72 Stat. 591.)

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.

CODIFICATION

See note to section 301 of this title.
AMENDMENTS

1958-Pub. L. 85-635 substituted provisions requiring all vessels under way, if not otherwise required to carry one or more lights visible from aft, to carry at their stern a fixed white light, for provisions which required vessels being overtaken by another to show from their stern a white light or a flare-up light, and inserted provisions permitting small vessels, in those circumstances where they cannot have a fixed light, to use an electric torch or lighted lantern.

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally. 1940-Act Apr. 22, 1940, added provisos relating to designation and use of special anchorage areas.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT

Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title.

Similar rules

CROSS REFERENCES

International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1070 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 179 of this title.

§ 320. Lights of sailing and steam pilot vessels (Rule 11).

(a) Sailing pilot vessels, when engaged on their station on pilotage duty, and not at anchor, shall not show the lights required for other vessels, but shall carry a white light at the masthead, visible all around the horizon, at a distance of at least three miles, and shall also exhibit a flare-up light or flareup lights at short intervals, which shall never exceed ten minutes.

On the near approach of or to other vessels they shall have their side lights lighted, ready for use, and shall flash or show them at short intervals to indicate the direction in which they are heading, but the green light shall not be shown on the port side, nor the red light on the starboard side.

A sailing pilot vessel of such a class as to be obliged to go alongside of a vessel to put a pilot on board may show the white light instead of carrying it at the masthead, and may, instead of the side lights above mentioned, have at hand, ready for use, a lantern with a green glass on the one side and a red glass on the other, to be used as prescribed above.

(b) A steam pilot vessel when engaged on her station on pilotage duty and not at anchor shall, in addition to the lights and flares required for sailing pilot vessels, carry, at a distance of eight feet below her white masthead lights, a red light, visible

all around the horizon at a distance of at least three miles, and also the side lights required to be carried by vessels when under way.

(c) All pilot vessels, when engaged on their stations on pilotage duty and at anchor, shall carry the lights and show the flares prescribed above, except that the side lights shall not be shown.

When not engaged on their stations on pilotage duty they shall carry the same lights as other vessels of their class and tonnage. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; Mar. 3, 1897, ch. 389, §5, 29 Stat. 689; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

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International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1068 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 177 of this title.

§ 321. Lights of motorboats (Rule 12).

Motorboats, when not engaged in towing, shall be lighted as provided by the Motorboat Act of April 25, 1940, as amended. When towing, they shall be subject to the same provisions for lighting as other steam vessels towing. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.
REFERENCES IN TEXT

The Motorboat Act of April 25, 1940, as amended, referred to in text, is classified to sections 526-526s and 526u of Title 46, Shipping.

CODIFICATION

See note to section 301 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title.

§ 322. Lights of vessels at anchor (Rule 13).

(a) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a vessel under one hundred and fifty feet in length, when at anchor, shall carry forward, where it can best be seen, a white light in a lantern so constructed as to show a clear, uniform, and unbroken light visible all around the horizon at a distance of at least two miles.

(b) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a vessel of one hundred and fifty feet or upward in length, when at anchor, shall carry in the forward part of the vessel, at a height of not less than twenty feet above the hull, one such light, and at or near the stern of the vessel, at such a height that it shall be not less than fifteen feet lower than the forward light, another such light.

(c) The Secretary of Transportation may, after investigation, by rule, regulation, or order, designate such areas as he may deem proper as "special anchorage areas"; such special anchorage areas may from time to time be changed, or abolished, if after investigation the Secretary of Transportation shall deem such change or abolition in the interests of navigation. When anchored within such an area

(1) a vessel of not more than sixty-five feet in length shall not be required to carry or exhibit the white light required by this section;

(2) a barge, canal boat, scow, or other nondescript craft of one hundred and fifty feet or upward in length may carry and exhibit the single white light prescribed by subsection (a) of this section in lieu of the two white lights prescribed by subsection (b) of this section; and

(3) where two or more barges, canal boats, scows, or other nondescript craft are tied together and anchored as a unit, the anchor light prescribed by this section need be displayed only on the vessel having its anchor down.

(R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250; Aug. 5, 1963, Pub. L. 88-84, § 3, 77 Stat. 116.)

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.

CODIFICATION

See note to section 301 of this title.
AMENDMENTS

1963-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 88-84 added the introductory phrase and eliminated "and not moored to the bank or wharf," following "at anchor," and the first and second provisos authorizing the designation of special anchorage areas and exempting from the light requirement vessels sixty-five feet or less in length and anchored in such special areas. Such provisos were incorporated in the introductory par. and clause (1) of subsec. (c) of this section, respectively.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88-84 added the introductory phrase, required the forward light to be carried at a height of not less than twenty feet above the hull and eliminated "and not moored to the bank or a wharf," following "at anchor,".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 88-84 redesignated the first and second provisos of former subsec. (a) as the introductory par. and clause (1), respectively, and added clauses (2) and (3).

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT

Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Secretary of Transportation was substituted for Secretary of the Army pursuant to Pub. L. 89-670, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 931, which created the Department of Transportation and transferred all functions, powers, and duties of the Secretary of the Army and other offices and officers of the Department of the Army relating generally to water vessel anchorages under this section to the Secretary of Transportation. See section 1655(g) (1) (D) of Title 49, Transportation.

CROSS REFERENCES

Establishment, regulation, and marking of anchorage grounds, see sections 471 and 472 of this title. Similar rules

International rules for navigation at sea, see section 1071 of this title.

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 258 of this title.

Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 180 of this title. SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in section 331 of this title. § 323. Lights of warships and Coast Guard cutters; suspension of exhibition (Rule 14).

The exhibition of any light on board of a vessel of war of the United States or a Coast Guard cutter may be suspended whenever, in the opinion of the Secretary of the Navy, the commander in chief of a squadron, or the commander of a vessel acting singly, the special character of the service may require it. (R. S. § 4233; Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672; Mar. 3, 1897, ch. 389, § 12, 29 Stat. 690; May 21, 1948, ch. 328, § 4, 62 Stat. 250.)

DERIVATION
Act Apr. 29, 1864, ch. 69, 13 Stat. 58.

CODIFICATION

This rule, derived from R. S. § 4233, was amended by act Mar. 3, 1897, by adding to the rule as originally enacted the provision for lights on revenue cutters.

See, also, note to section 301 of this title.

AMENDMENTS

1948-Act May 21, 1948, amended section generally. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT

Amendment of section by act May 21, 1948, effective Jan. 1, 1949, see note set out under section 301 of this title.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Coast Guard was transferred to the Department of Transportation and all functions, powers, and duties, relating to the Coast Guard, of the Secretary of the Treasury and of other offices and officers of the Department of the Treasury were transferred to the Secretary of Transportation by Pub. L. 89-670, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 931, which created the Department of Transportation. See section 1655(b) of Title 49, Transportation.

All functions of all officers of the Department of the Treasury, and all functions of all agencies and employees of such Department, were transferred, with certain exceptions, to the Secretary of the Treasury, with power vested in him to authorize their performance or the performance of any of his functions, by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by 1950 Reorg. Plan No. 26, §§ 1, 2, eff. July 31, 1950, 15 F. R. 4935, 64 Stat. 1280, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Such Plan excepted, from the transfer, the functions of the Coast Guard, and of the Commandant thereof, when the Coast Guard is operating as a part of the Navy under sections 1 and 3 of Title 14, Coast Guard.

CROSS REFERENCES

Exemption of certain Navy and Coast Guard vessels from navigation rules concerning lights, see sections 360, 360a, and 1052 of this title.

Similar rules

Navigation rules for Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, see section 262 of this title. Navigation rules for harbors, rivers and inland waters generally, see section 222 of this title.

SOUND SIGNALS FOR FOG, ETC.

§ 331. Manner of giving signals for vessels under way, in fog or bad weather, or at anchor (Rule 15).

All signals prescribed by sections 301 to 352 of this title for vessels under way shall be given

By "steam vessels" on the whistle or siren.

By sailing vessels and "vessels towed" on the foghorn.

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