B. As adv.: In a lubberly, clumsy, or awkward manner; clumsily, awkwardly. *1a-bric, *lû-brick, a. [Fr. lubrique; Lat. lubricus slippery, deceitful, hazardous; Sp., Ital., & Port. lubrico.] 1. Slippery; having a smooth surface. "Short thick sobs, whose thund'ring volleys float, 2. Uncertain, unsteady, changeable. *lû-bric-al, *1û-bric-all, a. [Eng. lubric; -al.] The same as LUBRIC (q. v.). lû -bri-cant, a. & s. [Lat. lubricans, pr. par. of lubrico to make slippery; lubricus-slippery; Ital. lubricante.] †A. As adj.: Lubricating. B. As subst.: A substance used to diminish friction of the working parts of machinery. The requisites of a good lubricant are that it must endure the heat even of melted lead, without change, in order to stand friction and lubricate the cylinders of steam-engines. Lubricants must be fixed and not volatile oils, as produced by destructive distillation, otherwise they are decomposed by friction, and burnt or dried up. They must not show or possess any acid reaction, either naturally or artificially, otherwise the bolts are cut in the steamchest, and the iron, particularly wrought-iron, is made porous. They must possess a sufficient power of tenacity without oxidation, otherwise they will thicken. la-bri-cāte, v. t. [Lat. lubricatus, pa. par. of lubrico to make slippery; lubricus=slippery: Ital. lubricure; Sp. lubricar, lubrificar; Fr. lubrifier.] 1. Lit.: To make smooth and slippery, so as to diminish friction; to rub or smear with some greasy substance. 2. Fig.: To make smooth; to smoothen, to make easy. "Here rills of oily eloquence, in soft *1û -bri-cate, a. [LUBRICATE, v.] Slippery. lû-bri-că -tion, s. [LUBRICATE, v.] 2574 2. Fig.: Uncertain, unsteady, unstable. "Much less shall I positively determine any thing in matters so lubricous and uncertain."-Glanvill: Preexistence of Souls, ch. xii. = la-bri-făc-tion, s. [Latin lubricus smooth, slippery, and facio = to make.] The act or operation of lubricating or making smooth. lû-bri-fi-ca-tion, s. The same as LUBRIFACTION (q. v.). lu-căn--d, s. pl. [Mod. Lat., &c., lucan(us); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -ida.] Entom.: Stag-beetles; a family of lamellicorn beetles. Distinguished from the Scarabeide by having the leaflets of the antennal club fixed instead of movable, and greatly projecting jaws. About 550 species have been described. They most abound in well-wooded tropical countries. Those best known are: Lucanus cervus, Dorcas parallelopipedus, and Sinodendron cylindricum. def.).] lû-ca-nus, s. [Lat. luca=the stag-beetle (see Entom. The typical genus of the family Lucanidæ (q. v.). Lucanus cervus is the Stag-beetle (q. v.). la-carne, s. [Fr., from Lat. lucerna a lamp; luceo to shine.] A dormer; a garret window. *lu-cayne, s. [LUCARNE.] luçe, s. [Lat. lucius.] A pike full grown; a fish used as an armorial bearing. give the dozen white luces in their coat."-Shakesp.: "All his ancestors, that come after him, may; they may Merry Wives of Windsor, i. 1. lu-çen-ç, s. [Eng. lucen(t); -cy.] Brightness, luster. "A name of some note and lucency."-Carlyle: French Revolution, pt. iii., bk. i., ch. vi. lu-çent, a. [Lat. lucens, pr. par. of luceo=to shine.] Shining, bright, resplendent. "Some weeks have passed since last I saw the spire In lucent Thames reflected." Keats: To Charles Cowden Clarke. lu-çer-nal, a. [Lat. lucerna a lamp.] Of or pertaining to a lamp or other artificial light. Specifically applied to a microscope in which the object to be examined is illuminated by the light of a lamp. The object is placed in a sliding tube between the lens and the lamp, which is contained in a box. The image is received on a screen or plate of ground glass. lû-çer-när -I-a, s. [Lat. lucerna=a lamp.] Zool. The typical genus of the order Lucernariadæ. The body is campanulate, attached proximally at its smaller extremity by a hydrorhiza. 1. The act of lubricating or making smooth and When detached the animal swims rapidly by the slippery. 2. A lubricant. lû-bri-că-tõr, s. [Eng. lubricat(`-or.] I. Ord. Lang. One who or that which lubricates, "It [water] is found, when not cold, to be a great resolver of spasms, and lubricator of the fibres."-Burke: On the Sublime and Beautiful, pt. iv., § 21. II. Technically: 1. Steam-engin.: An oil cup or other contrivance for supplying oil or grease to rubbing surfaces, in order to diminish friction. 2. Shafting: A pivoted disc in a cup below the lower journal-box is revolved by contact with the under side of the shaft, and carries up oil to lubricate the latter. 3. Vehic.: The ordinary mode of lubricating car riage or wagon axles is by placing grease on the spindle and then putting on the wheel, giving it a few revolutions before lowering it again to the ground. The grooves in the box of the hub form pockets in which the grease collects, end from which it passes to the spindle as it gradually wastes away. 4. Ordn.: An arrangement for lubricating and cleaning the grooves of rifled guns. la-briç'-I-tāte, v. t. [Latin lubricus = smooth, slippery.] To make smooth or slippery. (Kersey.) lû-briç'-I-ty, 8. [Fr. lubricité, from Lat. lubricus slippery; Ital. lubricità; Sp. lubricidad.] I. Literally: 1. Smoothness of surface; slipperiness. 2. Aptness to glide over any part or to facilitate motion by diminishing the friction between parts in contact. alternate contraction and expansion of the umbrella, around the margin of which are tufts of short tentacular processes, and in its center is a polypite with a quadrangular four-lobed mouth. lu-çer-na-ri-a-dæ, s. pl. [Mod. Latin lucernari(a); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -ada.] Zool. Sea-nettles. Sea-blubbers. An order of the legion or sub-class Lucernarida. It includes those Lucernarida, which have only a single polypite, are fixed by a proximal hydrorhiza, and possess short tentacles on the margin of the umbrella. (Nichol son.) [PELAGIDE.] lu-çer-năr ́-I-da, s. pl. [Mod. Lat. lucernar(ia); Lat. neut. pl. adj. suff. -ida.] Zool. A sub-class or legion of Hydrozoa, defined by Greene as having the base of the hydrosoma developed into an umbrella, in the walls of which the reproductive organs are produced. It is divided into three orders: Lucernariada, Pelagide, and Rhizostomidae. Gr. eidos-form, resemblance.] lü-çẽr'-na-rồìd, s. [Eng., &c., lucernar(ia), and Zool.: A reproductive zooid of any of the Lucernarida. "The hydra-tuba thus constitutes the fixed lucernaroid or trophosome of one of the Rhizostomata." "-Nicholson: Zool. (ed. 1878), p. 133. la-çerne', s. [French luzerne, from Languedoc patois, lauserda. Littré considers that the French word came from the English, and says that the remote origin is unknown.] Bot.: Medicago sativa. It is a deep-rooting, cloverlike perennial plant, with spikes of blue or violet flowers. It is largely cultivated as a fodder plant in the countries bordering on the Mediterranean. It was long ago introduced into England, but is not much cultivated, being less hardy than the red clover. T Swiss Lucerne is Medicago falcata. coarse plant cultivated on some poor soil in Switz erland. It is a Lu-çi-an-Ists, s. pl. [For etym. see def.] Church Hist. A sect of Semi-Arians, claiming Lucian, a disciple of Marcion, as their founder. (Shipley.) Med. Juris.: A lucid interval is not a mere cessation of the violent symptoms of a disorder, but an interval in which the mind, having thrown off the disease, has recovered its general habit. The party must be capable of forming a sound judgment of what he is doing, and his state of mind such that any indifferent person would think him able to manage his own affairs. (Collinson: On Lunacy, p. 39.) The expression lucid interval was formerly used less specifically than now, being employed of remissions or intermissions of sickness, &c. lû-çid -i-tỷ, s. [Fr. lucidité.] 1. The quality or state of being lucid, bright, or shining; splendor, brightness. (Lit. & fig.) "Fate gave, what chance shall not control, His sad lucidity of soul." Matthew Arnold: Resignation. 2. Clearness of style or arrangement; intelligibility, plainness. la-çid-ly, adv. [Eng. lucid; -ly.] In a lucid manner; plainly, clearly, intelligibly. lu-çid-ness, s. [Eng. lucid; -ness.] The quality or state of being lucid; lucidity, intelligibility. "The smoothness and lucidness of glass, &c.”—Mountagu: Devout Essays, pt. i., tr. 20, § 1. lû -çi-fêr, s. [Lat., as adj.=light-bringing, as subst., lucifer = light-bringer, from lux (genit. lucis)=light, and fero= to bring.] I. Ordinary Language: 1. In the same sense as II. 1, 3. 1. Astron.: An ancient name for Venus, when the Morning Star, as distinguished from Hesperus, when it is the evening one. 2. Script.: A name symbolically applied to Nebuchadnezzar. "How art thou fallen from Heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning."-Isaiah xiv. 12. 3. Poet. & Hist.: A name for Satan. It arose because Tertullian, Gregory the Great, and others, misinterpreted the passage in Isaiah of Satan. (Cf. Isa. xiv. 12 with Luke x. 18; Rev. xii. 9, xx. 2.) "When he falls, he falls like Lucifer, Never to hope again." Shakesp.: Henry VIII., iii. 2. 4. Ornith. A genus of Trochilidæ, established by Lesson. lucifer-match, s. Originally a match tipped with a mixture of chlorate of potash and sulphuret of antimony, and inflamed by friction upon a piece of emery-paper. These were superseded by mixtures containing phosphorus. Lucifer-match disease: Path. Necrosis of the jaws, arising from the inhalation of the fumes of phosphorus during the manufacture of lucifer-matches. It has been especially described by Von Bibra and Geist, who had abundant opportunities of observing the disease at the large manufactories at Nuremberg. "This lucifer-match disease was some years ago very frequent, but in consequence of the adoption of precautionary measures, is now much more rarely met with." -Erichsen: Surgery (ed. Beck), ii. 577. Lû-çi-fër ́-i-an, a. & s. [Eng. Lucifer; -ian.] A. As adjective: father; wē, wět, hëre, camel, her, thêre; Luciferite *Lû-çif-ĕr-íte, s. [Eng. Lucifer; -ite.] Church Hist.: The same as LUCIFERIAN (q.v.). la-çif-ĕr-oŭs, *lu-çif-er-us, a. [Lat. lucifer, from lux (genit. lucis)=light; Eng. adj. suff. -ous.] 1. Bearing or giving light. "To call our luciferous matter a self-shining substance."-Boyle: Works, iv. 394. 2. Making plain or clear; affording means of dis covery. 3. Devilish. "Your luciferus perswasyons."-Bale: Bonner's Artieles, art. i. la-çif-er-ous-ly, adv. [Eng. luciferous; -ly.] In a luciferous manner; so as to give light or enlighten. "That which looks most luciferously or influentially into goodness."-Browne: Christian Morality, iii. 8, lû-çif-ic, *lû-çif-ick, a. [Lat. lucificus, from lux (genit. lucis)=light, and facio to make; Fr. lucifique; Sp. lucifico.] Making or producing light. "Though their lucifick motion be continued."-Grew: Cosmo. Sucro, bk. ii., ch. ii., § 14. lû-çi-form, a. [Lat. lux (genit. lucis)=light, and forma form, shape.] Of the form or appear ance of light, resembling light. "A chariot which is not unrtly ethereal vehicle."-Berkeley: Siris, § 171. *la-çif-ri-an, a. [Eng. lucifer; -ian.] Luciferian, satanic. lû çif-u-ga (pl. lû-çîf-u-gæ), s. [Lat. lucifugus = shunning the light; lux (genit. lucis) light, and fugio to fly from.] == 1. Ichthy. (sing.): A genus of Ophidiidæ (q. v.). The eye is absent, or quite rudimentary, and covered by the skin. There are no barbels, but in their stead are numerous minute cilia or tubercles. Habitat, subterranean waters of caves in Cuba. (Günther.) 2. Zool. (pl.): A name sometimes applied to the Blattidæ, because of their nocturnal habits, and, possibly, with a remembrance of the " "lucifuga blatta" of Virgil (Georgic iv. 243). lû-çim -ě-têr, s. [Lat. lux (genit. lucis)=light, and Gr. metron measure.] An instrument for measuring the intensity of light; a photometer. Lu-çi-na, s. [Lat. the goddess that brings to light, an epithet of Juno and of Diana, as they were supposed to preside over the birth of children.] 1. Zool.: The typical genus of the lamellibranchiate family Lucinidæ (q.v.). Shell white, margins smooth or finely-crenulated; umbones small and compressed; the ligament concealed; hinge-teeth lateral. Habitat, tropical and temperate seas, on sandy and muddy bottoms, ranging from low-water to about 200 fathoms. Known species 70, from the West Indies, Norway, New Zealand, &c. 2. Palæont.: Known species 250, from the Upper Silurian till now. (S. P. Woodward.) The genus is abundantly represented in Secondary and Tertiary deposits. lu-çin -l-dæ, s. pl. [Lat. lucin(a); fem. pl. adj. suff. -ida.] 1. Zool. A marine family of Lamellibranchiata, section Siphonida, sub-section Integropallialia. The valves of the shell are circular, closely-fitting, and unattached; the surface of the shell is dull; the foot is long and cylindrical. 2. Palæont.: Principally Secondary and Tertiary, representatives from Paleozoic times being doubtfully referred to this family. la-çi-nop'-sis, s. [Lat. lucin (a) (q. v.); Gr. opsis look, appearance.] 1. Zool.: A genus of Mollusks, family Venerida. It has a thin lenticular shell. 2. Palæont.: Ten species from the Pliocene onward. lu-çÏ-ó-, pref. [Lat. lucius=a fish, probably the pike. Resembling, or having some of the characteristics of Esox lucius, the Pike (q. v.). lu-çi-o-çě-phǎl'-i-dæ, s. pl. [Mod. Lat. luciocephal(us); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -ido.] Ichthy. Pike-heads; a family of Teleostean fishes, division Acanthopterygii labyrinthibran chii. Body elongate, covered with scales of moderate size; lateral line present; superbranchial organ formed by two branchial arches dilated into a membrane. One short dorsal fin; no dorsal or anal spines; ventrals of one spine and five rays; no air-bladder. lü-çi-o-çeph'-a-lus, s. [Pref. lucio-, and Greek kephale the head.] Ichthy. The typical and only genus of the family Luciocephalidae (q. v.). It consists of a single freshwater species, Luciocephalus pulcher, from the East Indian archipelago. 2575 lu-çi-o-per-ca, s. [Pref. lucio-, and Lat. perca Percida, inhabitants of many lakes and rivers of Ichthy. A genus of Indian Fishes, family Cyprin (Günther.) geluk; Sw. lycka; Dan. lykke; Ger. glück (contr. 1. Chance, accident, hap; that which happens to "You do their work, and they shall have good luck." 2. Good fortune; success; a favorable issue or luck-penny, s. A small return for luck to the "Didn't I give fifteen guineas for him, barring the “Luck-stroken in thy fist." Hall: Satires, II. v. 17. lucullite la-cra-tive, a. [Fr. lucratif, from Lat. lucrativus, from lucrum=gain; Ital. & Sp. lucrativo.] [LUCRE.] bringing in money. 1. Yielding or producing gain; gainful, profitable; "Retrieve his fallen fortunes by means of lucrative posts from which the laws excluded him."—Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. vi. *2. Greedy of gain. "As the most part of our lucrative lawyers doe use."Latimer: Works, i. 110. lucrative-succession, s. Scots Laws: A passive title whereby an heir-apparent who accepts gratuitously of a grant from his ancestor of any part, however small, of the estate to which he is to succeed as heir, is thereby subjected to the payment of all the debts of the ances tor contracted prior to the grant. la-cra-tive-ly, adv. [Eng. lucrative; -ly.] In a lucrative manner; profitably, gainfully. gain, profit.] Pecuniary gain or advantage; money. lu-cre (cre as ker), s. [Fr., from Lat. lucrum= (It is generally used in a bad sense.) *lû-crif-ĕr-ous, a. [Lat. lucrum=gain, and fero =to bring, to bear.] Producing gain or profit; profitable, gainful. "To keep this experiment from being as generally useful, as perhaps it will prove lucriferous."-Boyle: Works, iii. 148. *lû-crif-ic, a. [Lat. lucrificus, from lucrum= gain; and facio to make.] Producing or yielding gain or profit. *lû crous, a. [Lat. lucrosus, from lucrum= gain.] Of or pertaining to gain or profit. "Me (humbler lot!) let blameless bliss engage, Free from the muckworm miser's lucrous rage.' Cooper: Tomb of Shakespeare. *luc-tā -tion, s. [Lat. luctatio, from luctatus, pa. par. of luctor to struggle.] A striving; a strugluck-en, a. [A. S. lúcan to lock.] Locked; gle, an effort, a contest. hence, closed, *luc-tu-al, a. shut-up, contracted; webbed. [Lat. luctus, from lugeo = to (Scotch.) grieve.] Producing grief; sad, saddening. la-cu-brāte, v. i. & t. [Lat. lucubratus, pa. par. of lucubro-to bring in lamps, to work by lamplight; *lucubrum, a dimin. from lux (genit. lucis)=light.] luck-iě, s. [LUCKY, 8.] luck-1-ly, *luck-i-lie, adv., [Eng. lucky; ly.] In a lucky manner; fortunately; by good hap or fortune. "It is the pencil thrown luckily full upon the horse's mouth, to express the foam, which the painter with all his skill could not form."-Dryden: Dufresnoy. luck -1-ness, s. [Eng. lucky; -ness.] The quality or state of being lucky; good luck, good hap. luck-ite, subst. [Named after the silver mine "Lucky Boy"; suff. -ite (Min.),] Min.: A variety of melanterite (q. v.), found in irregular striated prisms. Colorless or slightly bluish. Analysis gave: Sulphuric acid, 263; protoxide of iron, 217; protoxide of manganese, 19; magnesia, 02; lime, 0'5; water, [422]; insoluble, 72. Chemical formula not determined. From Butterfield Cañon, Utah. luck'-less, a. [Eng. luck; -less.] Without luck; Wordsworth: Excursion, bk. vi. *luck-ly, a. [English luck; -ly.] Lucky, pros perous. luck-y, a. & adv. [Eng. luck; -y.] A. As adjective: 1. Fortunate, successful; favored by luck; meet- "Perhaps some arm, more lucky than the rest, "What lucky chance unbound your chain?" To cut one's lucky: To run away; to decamp. luck -y, luck-iě, s. [Prob. from the adj.] A "Luckie Howatson is very expeditious."-Scott: Guy lü-çi-o-gō ́-bi-ŭs, s. [Pref. lucio-, and Lat. go- boll, boy; pout, jowl; cat, A. Intrans.: To watch; to study by night or by lamplight. "To lounge and lucubrate, to prate and peep." Byron: Curse of Minerva. B. Trans.: To compose or elaborate, as by nightstudy. lû-cu-bra-tion, s. [Lat. lucubratio=a working by lamplight; night-work; Fr. lucubration; Sp. lucubracion; Ital. lucubrazione.] *1. The act of studying by lamp or candle-light; night-work, night-study. "By continual lucubration he diligently ran through all the forms of logic and philosophy."-Wood: Athen. Oxon., vol. ii. 2. That which is composed in night-work; a literary composition or effusion of any kind. "The meerest trifles I ever wrote are serious philosophical lucubrations."-Swift: To Pope, Aug. 28, 1731. lû -cu-bra-tor, s. [English lucubrat(e); -or.] One who makes lucubrations. la-cu-bra-tor-y, a. [Lat. lucubratorius, from dle-light, or night-study; pertaining to night-study. lucubror to lucubrate (q. v.).] Composed by canla-cule, s. [As if from a Lat. *lucula, dimin. of lux (genit. lucis)=light.] Astron.: A luminous spot on the sun. 1. Clear, transparent, lucid, pellucid. The purer rivers flow."-Thomson: Winter, 710. 2. Fair. "Most debonaire and luculent lady." Ben Jonson: Every Man out of his Humor, ii. 3. 3. Clear, evident, plain, manifest, unmistakable. "They are against the obstinate incredulity of the Jews, the most luculent testimonies that Christian religion hath."-Hooker: Eccles. Polity, bk. v., § 40. la-cu-lent-ly, adv. [Eng. luculent; -ly.] In a luculent, lucid, or clear manner. la-cu-11-a, 8. Nepal. (Loudon.) Bot.: A genus of Rubiaceae. Luculia gratissima grows in the Himalayan Mountains. Gamble says. that it is used in dyeing. [Named after Luculi Swa, of la-cŭl-lite, 8. [Fr. lucullite. Named after Lucullus, a wealthy Roman Consul, noted for his luxury, who is said to have admired it; Ger. lucul lan.] Petrol. & Comm.: A variety of limestone cut and polished for ornamental purposes. sin, aş; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f. La-cu-mo (pl. La-cu-mões, Lû-cu-mon-eş, s. [Lat., from Etrus. lauchme=one inspired.] Class. Antiq.: An appellation of the Etruscan princes and priests, corresponding to the Roman patricius of the rank of the Conscript Fathers; hence, noble. The Romans mistook this title of dignity for a proper name, and bestowed it on the son of Demaratus of Corinth, afterward Tarquinius Priscus, King of Rome. "What noble Lucumo comes next, *lu-çy, s. [LUCE.] Lud-dite, a. & 8. [According to Miss Martineau, from the name of Ned Lud, who, being tormented by boys, chased some of them into a house, and there broke some stocking-frames. This was thirty years before the Luddite commotions. The Luddites called their mythical leader General or Captain Ludd, reviving the name of the imbecile. A. As adj. Pertaining to or characteristic of the Luddites. [B.] B. As substantive: Hist. (pl.): A band of operatives who broke out in a riot at Nottingham on Nov. 10, 1811, with the object of destroying some improved machinery for stocking-weaving. They extended their operations to Derby and Leicester, everywhere destroying stocking-frames. On July 24, 1812, Parliament granted additional powers for dealing with them. The militia were called out. Fourteen of the leaders were executed at York in 1813. The Luddites rose again in 1814 and 1816, and more of them were executed at Derby in 1817. *la-dib'-ri-ous, adj. [Lat. ludibriosus, from ludibrium mockery, derision, from ludus = game, sport.] Ridiculous, laughable, sportive, wanton. *lû-di-bund-ness, s. [Lat. ludibundus-sportive, playful; ludus game, sport; ludo-to play.] Sportiveness, playfulness. "That ludibundness of nature in her gamaceous and like sportful and ludicrous productions."-H. More: Mys tery of Iniquity, bk. i., ch. xv., § 14. lû-di-crous, a. [Lat. ludicrus, from ludus= play; ludo-to play; Ital. ludicro.] Ridiculous, laughable, comical; exciting or tending to excite laughter without scorn or contempt. "Nor did the world find anything ludicrous in the pomp."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. iii. lû di-crous-ly, adv. [Eng. ludicrous: -ly.] In a ludicrous manner or degree; ridiculously, comically, laughably. "That sum might seem ludicrously small."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. xiii. lû-di-crous-ness, s. [Eng. ludicrous; -ness.] The quality or state of being ludicrous; ridiculous ness. "The ludicrousness and fugitiveness of our wanton reason."-H. More: Antidote against Idolatry, ch. i. la-di-fi-ca-tion, s. [Lat. ludificatio, from ludificatus, pa. par. of ludificor to make sport of: ludus =game, sport, and facio to make.] The act of mocking, deriding, or making sport of any person or thing. "This ludification and injurious dealing."-Baker: King John, (an. 1214.) *1û-di-fi-ca-tor-y, a. [Lat. ludificatorius, from ludificatus, pa. par. of ludificor to make sport; Fr. ludificatoire.] Making sport; exciting ridicule or derision. "There is nothing empty (or vain), nothing ludificatory."-Barrow: Sermons, vol. iii., ser. 39. lud-lam-ite, s. [Named by Field after H. Ludlam, of London; suff. -ite (Min.).] Min.: A monoclinic mineral found only in crystals. Hardness, 3-4; specific gravity, 312; luster, brilliant; color, bright green; streak, greenishwhite, transparent. The mean of several analyses gave phosphoric acid. 30'11; protoxide of iron, 52 76; water, 16-98, which corresponds to the formula FerP4017, 9H2O. Occurs with chalybite, vivianite, pyrites, and pyrrholite at Wheal Jane, Truro, Cornwall, England. Lud-low, s. [See def.] Geog.: A corporate town and parliamentary borough in Shropshire, England, 138 miles N. W. by W. from London. fate, făt, färe, amidst, what, fâll, 2576 Ludlow-formation, s. Geol.: The highest part of the Upper Silurian Med. & Phar.: A calcareous stone, the precise lū-dus Păr-a-çel-si, s. [LUDUS HELMONTII.] lud-wig -I-a, s. [Named after C. G. Ludwig, professor of botany at Leipsic.] Bot. A genus of Onagraceae, tribe Jussines. Ludwigia palustris is a procumbent or floating perennial with four angled stems, two, four or no Hants, Sussex, and Jersey. Better known as Isnardia petals, four stamens. Found in boggy pools in palustris. lud-wig-ite, s. [Named by Tschermak after E. Ludwig; suff. -ite (Min).] lugubrious hair; Norw. lugga=to pull by the hair; lugg=the hair; cf. Prov. Eng. louk-to pull up weeds; Icel. lok a weed; A. S. lyccan to pull; Dan. luge=to weed.] A. Transitive: 1. To haul or drag along; to pull along, as something heavy. 2. To seize by the ears; to worry. edly. (Usually followed by in.) *B. Intrans.: To drag; to move heavily or slowly. 1. A projecting part of anything; as(1) A projecting stud or ear by which an object is grasped or supported, or which affords a bearing or point of attachment; as, the lugs on the parts of a flask by which they are united; the lugs by which a kettle is supported in a furnace, &c. (2) The lobe of the ear; the ear. "Dare you think your clumsy lugs so proper to decide, as The delicate ears of Justice Midas!" Lyly: Midas, ii. 5. (3) A projecting piece in machinery to communicate motion; a short flange to which something is fastened. (4) A projecting piece upon a founder's flask or mold. 2. A pliable rod or twig. Min.: Amineral occurring in finely fibrous masses, with a silky luster. Hardness, 5; specific gravity, 3-907-4'016; color, blackish-green, and almost black with a violet tinge; tough; streak, somewhat lighter in color than the mineral. Composition: A borate of magnesia, sesqui and protoxide of iron, the formula, deduced from the mean of several analyses, being 2MgOBO3+FeOFe2O3. Found embedded in a crystalline limestone with magnetite the stringe, more sure for to last then pleasant for to use. (q. v.) at Morawicza, Hungary. luen-burg-ite, subst. [Named after Luenburg, where found; suff. -ite (Min.).] Min.: A salt, having the composition phosphoric acid, 298; boracic acid, 127; magnesia, 25'3; water, 32.2. Möllner, who analyzed it, gave the formula as (2MgOHO) PO5+MgOBO3+7HO. lu-eş, s. [Lat.] A plague, a pestilence, a poison. luff (2), *loof (2), s. [Dut. loef=a weather-gauge; luff-tackle, s. Naut.: A purchase composed of a double and a to the single block and the fall comes from the single block. The standing end of the rope is fast double. luff, *loof, v. i. [LUFF, s.] Naut.: To bring the head of a vessel nearer to luf-fa, s. [Arab. louff Luffa ægyptiaca.] luf-fer, s. [LOUVER.] 3. A measure of land, a pole or perch. "The other [bowe] is a lugge, slow of caste, following Naut.: A four-cornered sail bent to a yard, which is slung at a point two-thirds of its length from the peak. 3. The baggage or packages of a traveler. ney."-Swift to Pope. "I am gathering up my luggage, and preparing for jour luggage-saddle, s. Manége: A pad on a led horse for carrying luggage. (Eng.) luggage-van, s. 1. Railway: A baggage-car. (Eng.) 2. Vehicle: A fourgon or van containing personal luggage, attending on a traveling carriage. (Eng.) lug-ger, s. [From the verb to lug (q. v.); Dut. logger; Dan. lugger; cf. also Ital. felucca.] A small vessel, carrying sail on each, and two or three masts with a luga running bowsprit, on which are set two or three jibs. and mark.] A mark of identification cut in the ear of a sow, sheep, dog, &c. *lû-gu-bri-os-I-ty, s. [As if from a Lat. lugubriositas, from lugubris-lugubrious (q. v.).] The same as LUGUBRIOUSNESS (q. v.). lû-gü -bri-ous, *lu-gu-brous, a. [Lat. lugubris, from lugeo to grieve; Fr. lugubre; cogn. with Gr. lugros=sad; Sp. & Ital. lugubre.] Mournful. sad, dismal. lug, lugge, v. t. and i. [Sw. lugga-to pull by lugubriously la-gu'-brl-oŭs-lỹ, adv. [Eng. lugubrious; -ly.] In a lugubrious manner; sadly, mournfully, dismally. lû-gūbri-oŭs-ness, s. [Eng. lugubrious: -ness.] The quality or state of being lugubrious. *lu-gu-brous, s. [Lugu sous.] lug -wõrm, s. [Eng. lug (1), and worm.] Zool. Arenicola piscatorum, an annelid of the family Telethusidæ, sub-order Tubicolæ, sometimes classed with the Errantia. The body is composed of a number of segments, thirteen of them furnished with red or purple arborescent branchial tufts, said by Gosse to be protrusile. The first six segments are furnished with sete only. It attains an extreme length of ten inches, and is found on various parts of the coast, near low-water mark, burrowing in the sand or in a muddy bottom. Its locality is easily detected from the spiral coils of sandy excrement near the aperture of the burrow. Called also Lobworm. lû -hě-a, s. [Named after Charles Luhe, a German botanist.] Bot.: A genus of Tiliaceae, family Grewide. It consists of Mexican and South American trees or shrubs. The Brazilians use the bark of Luhea grandiflora for tanning leather, and the wood of L. divaricans, which is light and white, but very closegrained, for wooden shoes and musket stocks. flûke, *lewk, *lewke, *leuke, a. [An extension of Mid. Eng. lew (q. v.).] Lukewarm; neither hot nor cold. [LUKEWARM.] "Let me have nine penn'orth o' brandy and water luke." -Dickens: Pickwick, ch. xxxiii. Lûke, s. [Gr. Loukas. Not connected with the name Lucius (Acts xiii. 1; Rom. xvi. 21), but contracted from Lat. Lucanus, as Silas is from Silyanus, or Apollos from Apollonius. Possibly from Lucania, in the south of Italy.] Scrip. Biog.: A New Testament evangelist, whose name was not a common one, but in its uncontracted form [see etym.] was immortalized by Lucan, author of the celebrated Roman poem Pharsalia. It has been supposed that the poet, who was born at Cordova, in Spain, may have been connected with St. Luke, who is mentioned three times in the New Testament. In Col. iv. 14, he is called "Luke the beloved physician.' In Philemon he is called Lucas, and described as one of St. Paul's fellowlaborers, and when "Paul was ready to be offered" (2 Tim. iv. 6), he adds, "Only Luke is with me." Identifying him with the writer of the Acts of the Apostles, his use of the pronoun"we," commencing with xvi. 10, shows that he joined Paul at Troas and accompanied him to Philippi (11-17). The resumption of the pronouns "he" and "they" (xvi. 19, xvii. 1, 17, &c.) shows that he remained at Philippi till the return of the Apostle thither (xx. 6). He accompanied him on his subsequent missionary journeys (xx. 13-15, xxi. 1, &c.), was with him in his shipwreck (xxvii. 3, 27, xxviii. 2, 10), and his subsequent voyage to Rome (13-16). There is no trustworthy information as to the remainder of St. Luke's life. The Gospel according to St. Luke: New Testament Canon: The third gospel. The writer had his information from those who "from the beginning were eyewitnesses and ministers of the word" (Luke i. 2), implying that he was not himself an eyewitness of the events that he records. It has been suggested that he may have got many details, as, e. g.,, of the birth of Jesus, from the "certain women' (Luke viii. 2,3). When speaking of diseases, there is a technical accuracy, greater than that exhibited by the other evangelists, and in describing the failure of the physicians in the case of the woman with the issue of blood, he uses mild language (viii. 43), forcibly contrasting with that of St. Mark, written probably on information given by St. Peter (Mark v. 26). Universal tradition considers that the gospel was penned under divine inspiration by St. Luke, "the beloved physician." There exists, or, rather, is recoverable from the writings of Justin Martyr, Irenæus, Tertullian, and Epiphanius, a Gospel issued by the celebrated Gnostic, Marcion, so related to that of St. Luke, that Marcion's gospel must have been an abridg. ment of St. Luke's, or Luke's an expansion of Marcion's. They cannot have been independent shoots from the root of evangelical tradition, for of fiftythree sections peculiar to St. Luke, from iv. 16 on ward, all but eight are found in Marcion's Gospel, and in the same order. The foregoing fathers charged Marcion with mutilating, for dogmatic ends, St. Luke's Gospel and the Epistles to the Galatians and Ephesians. This view has been generally accepted. 2577 caste-prejudice or to ceremonial bondage. It is the gospel that tells of the Prodigal Son (xv. 11-32), the Good Samaritan (x. 30-37), the Pharisee and the Publican (xviii. 10-14). The third gospel is exactly such a work as, under Divine inspiration, might be supposed to emanate from the companion of St. Paul. *lûke'-ness, s. [English luke, a.; -ness.] Lukewarmness. = lake-warm, adj [A. S. wlæc tepid; cf. Icel. hláka a thaw hlana to thaw; hlær, hlýr-warm, mild; hlýja, hlúa = to shelter; A. S. hleó, hleów = a shelter; Dut. leukwarm; Ger. lauwarm; O. H. Ger láo.] 1. Lit.: Moderately hot or warm; tepid; neither too hot nor too cold. "With lukewarm water wash the gore away." Pope: Homer's Iliad, xi. 964. 2. Fig.: Not ardent, zealous, or enthusiastic; indifferent, cool. lûke -warm-ly, adv. [Eng. lukewarm; -ly.] 1. In lukewarm manner or degree; with moderate warmth. 2. With indifference; without ardor, zeal, or enthusiasm. lûke -warm-ness, s. [Eng. lukewarm; -ness.] 1. The quality or state of being lukewarm or moderately warm; a mild or moderate heat. to be intermediate, betwixt lukewarmness and the freez"The many degrees of coldness, that may be conceived ing degree of cold."-Boyle: Works, ii. 490. 2. Want of ardor, zeal, or enthusiasm; indifference, coolness. "Lukewarmness, or a cold, tame, indifferent, unactive religion."-Bp. Taylor: Of Repentance, ch. v., § 4. *lûke-warmth, s. [Eng. lukewarm; suff. -th, as in breadth, &c.] Lukewarmness. Luksh-mee, s. [LAKSHMI.] Lukshmee-fruit, s. Bot.: Mangifera sylvatica. lull, lull-en, v. t. & i. [Sw. lulla to hum; to lull; Dan. lulle to lull; O. Dut. lullen=to hum.] A. Transitive: lum-head, s. A chimney top. (Scotch.) "Reek that came out of the lum-head."-Scott: Heart of Midlothian, ch. xxvii. lăm-a-chẹt,lăm-a-chělle,lăm-a-chěl-lạ, s. [Fr. lumachelle, from Sp. lumachella, from lumaca a snail, from Lat. limax. So named because the marble is full of snail-like shells.] Petrol.: Fire marble; a dark-brown shell-marble, with brilliant iridescence. lum-bǎg-in-oŭs, a. [Lat. lumbago (genit. lumbaginis)=lumbago; English adj. suff. -ous.] Of or pertaining to lumbago; of the nature of lumbago. lăm-bà-gõ,8. [Lat. from lumbus=the loin. Pathol.: Rheumatism of the muscles of the loins, with sudden and severe pain, sometimes extending to the ligaments underneath the muscles. lăm-bại, a. [LUMBAR.] lùm-bar, a. [Lat. lumbaris, from lumbus-the loin; Sp. lombar, lumbar; Ital. lombare, lombale; Fr. lomboire.] Pertaining to the loins; as, lumbar muscles, lumbar nerves, &c. lumbar-region, s. Anat.: The two lateral portions of the middle 1. To compose to sleep by a pleasing sound; to zone of the abdomen. They are called the right soothe to sleep. and the left lumbar regions, and are separated by the umbilical region. "And in hire barme this litel child she leid, With ful sad face, and gan the childe to blisse, And lulled it, and after gan it kisse." 2. To calm, to assuage. Chaucer: C. T., 8,429. "Stay but a little, till the tempest cease, And the loud winds are lull'd into a peace.' Dryden: Ovid: Heroïdes vii. B. Intrans. To subside, to calm down, to cease, to become quiet; as, The wind lulls. lull, s. [LULL, v.; for term. -aby, cf. hushaby.] 1. The quality or power of lulling; a lullaby. "My lord, your stay was long, and yonder lull of falling waters tempted me to rest." Young: Revenge, v. 2. 2. A temporary calming down or quiet after a storm, tumult, or confusion. (Lit. & fig.) lŭll -a-bỹ, s. [LULL, v.] 1. A song to lull or compose children to sleep. "And now you thought you heard the lullaby which a fairy might sing to some fretful changeling."-Lytton: Zanoni, bk. i., ch. ii. 2. Anything sung or done to quiet or calm. "Rest thee; for the bittern's cry Sings us the lake's wild lullaby." Scott: Lady of the Lake, iv. 31. lull -ĕr, s. [Eng. lull, v.; -er.] One who or that which lulls; one who fondles. Lŭl-li-an, a. [For etym. see def.] Pertaining to or characteristic of the teaching of Raymundus Lully (1234-1354). [LULLIST.] "Leibniz was acquainted with this so-called Lullian art."-Merz: Leibniz, p. 107. Lul-list, s. [LULLIAN.] Hist. & Philos.: A follower of Lully, the author of an art of invention which depended on the placing in different circles of various concepts, some for mal, others material, so that, when the circles were turned, every possible combination was easily produced by mechanical means, presenting a motley conglomerate of sense and nonsense. He blamed Thomas of Aquinas for holding the doctrines of the Trinity and the Incarnation to be indemonstrable; and said that with his own way of conducting proofs and convincing unbelievers, he found the demonstration of these dogmas not difficult. Lully's invention probably gave rise to Swift's picture of the Laputan professor employed in a project for improving speculative knowledge by practical mechanical operations." Marcion is believed to have begun to teach in Rome about A. D. 139 to 142 (Sanday), or 138 (Volkmar), or 130 (Tischendorf). "At that time St. Luke's Gospel had been so long published that various readings of it had already arisen.' The incidents recorded are not in chronological order. There is a marked superiority to Jewish boil, boy; pout, jowl; cat, çell, chorus, çhin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; 162 *lum-barde, subst. [LOMBARD.] A Lombard, a money-lender, a money-changer, a banker. lům -ber, *lum-bar, s. [LOMBARD.] *1. The Lombard-room, where the Lombards, who were the bankers and pawnbrokers of the middle ages, stored their unredeemed pledges. (Eng.) "They put up all the little plate they had in the lumbers, which is pawning it, till the ships came."Lady Murray: Lives of George Baillie and of Lady Grisell Baillie. *2. The pledges in that room. "And by an action falsely laid of trover 3. Pledges out of date, and therefore of little value; hence, goods uselessly accumulated, rubbish. "From the glad walls inglorious lumber torn." Pope: Homer's Odyssey, xix. 12. 4. Rubbish of any kind; anything good for nothing or useless; refuse. "Ye gods, what dastards would our host command Swept to the war, the lumber of the land." Pope: Homer's Iliad, ii. 240. (Provincial.) 5. Harm, mischief. 6. Foolish or obscene talk or language; ribaldry. (Provincial.) 7. Marketable timber; timber that has been sawed or split into beams, boards, shingles, &c. lumber-dryer, s. A shed or closed chamber in heated and dried atmosphere. which sawed lumber is subjected to an artificially lumber-house, s. A house, shed, or room for storing lumber. lumber-kiln, s. A heated chamber for artificially drying lumber. lumber-man, s. A lumberer (q. v.). lumber-measure, s. An apparatus by which the number of superficial feet contained in boards of different lengths can be estimated. lumber-room, 8. A room for the storage of lum ber. "That El Dorado called by the grown-up folks a lumber-room."-Lytton: Night and Morning, bk. i., ch. i. lumber-wagon, s. A heavy wagon, long coupled, and having standards to the bolsters, for hauling sawn timber. sin, aş; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f. lumber lum'-ber, v. t. & i. [LUMBER, 8.] A. Transitive: 1. To keep together in confusion. 2. To fill with lumber; as, to lumber a room. B. Intransitive: 1. To move heavily. "Let them not leap the ditch, or swim the flood, 2. To make a heavy rumbling noise. "The post-boy's horse right glad to miss The lumbering of the wheels." Cowper: John Gilpin. 3. To cut forest timber and prepare it for the market. (American.) lum-ber-dar', s. [Hind.] The headman of a village. (Anglo-Indian.) lum'-ber-er, s. [Eng. lumber, s.; -er.] A person employed to cut forest timber and prepare it for the market; a woodcutter. lum-bō-, longing to Pref. [Lat. lumbus the loin.] Of or be loin. lumbo-inguinal, a. Connecting the loin and the groin. There is a lumbo-inguinal nerve. lumbo-sacral, a. Connecting the loin and the sacral bone. There is a lumbo-sacral nerve. lăm-bric, 8. [Latin lumbricus; Fr. lombric; Ital. lombrico; Port. lombriga; Sp. lombriz.] Á worm. lum-bric-al, a. & s. [Eng. lumbric; -al.] A. As adjective: 1. Anat.: Pertaining to or resembling a worm; as, the lumbrical muscles of the fingers and toes. 2. Bot.: A term applied to the worm-like lobes of the fronds in some algals. B. As substantive: Anat. (pl.): Four muscles, two of the foot and two of the hand, in their superficial aspect somewhat resembling worms. lum-briç -I-dæ, s. pl. [Latin lumbric(us); fem. pl. adj. suff. -ido.] Zool.: A family of Annelids, order Oligochata, tribe Terricolæ. It contains the earthworms. They have a long cylindrical body, tapering at both ends, are destitute of feet, but have bristles which aid them in their serpentine progression. They are nocturnal, and do not possess eyes, but can distinguish between light and darkness. They are completely deaf, but have some intelligence. They are omnivorous, their favorite food is leaves. Most of them live in burrows. By passing vegetable soil through their bodies they effect important changes in nature. (Darwin: The Earthworm.) [MOLD.] lăm-bri¢-I-form, lùm'-bri-c61d, a. [Lat.Tum bricus a worm, and forma=form, shape.] Resembling a worm in form or appearance. lum-bri-çi -na, s. pl. [Lat. lumbric(us) (q. v.); fem. pl. adj. suff. -ina.] Zool.: A tribe of Annelids, consisting of animals without eyes or antennæ, having the body setigerous for locomotion, and the articulations distinct. lăm-brī-cus, s. [Latin=an intestinal worm, a maw-worm, a stomach worm. Not the modern use of the word.] Zool. The typical genus of the family Lumbricidæ (q. v.). Lumbricus terrestris is the Common Earthworm. [EARTHWORM.] *lû -min-ançe, s. [Eng. luminan(t): -ce.] The quality or state of being luminant; luminousness. la-min-ant, adj. [Latin luminans, pr. par. of lumino to give light; lumen (genit. luminis): light.] Giving or emitting light; luminous. = la-min-a-rỷ, 8. [O. Fr. luminarie; Fr. luminaire a light, a candle, from Latin luminare, neut. sing, of luminaris giving light; lumen, for lucimen (genit luminis)=light; luceo-to shine; lux (genit. lucis)-light.] I. Literally: Any body which gives or emits light, espec. one of the heavenly bodies. II. Figuratively: 1. Anything which affords light or intelligence. 2. Any person who illustrates any subject or enlightens mankind. "Thus perished Pythagoras, the Samian philosopher, founder of the Italian school, and the great luminary of the heathen world."-Observer, No. 9. la-min-a-tion, s. [Lat. luminatus, pa. par. of lumino to lighten.] The emission of light. *la mine, *lu-myne, v. t. [Latin lumino, from lumen (genit. luminis)=light.] [ILLUMINE.] To illumine, to illuminate, to enlighten. "Blinding the eyes, and lumining the spright." Spenser: Hymn of Heavenly Love, 280. 2578 la-min-If-er-ous, a. [Latin lumen (genit. luminis)=light; fero-to bring, to produce, and Eng. adj. suff. -ous.] 1. Producing or yielding light. "The best possible reasons for rejecting the idea of luminiferous particles."-Tyndall: Frag. of Science, ch. i., p. 3. 2. Serving as a medium for the transmission of light; as, the luminiferous ether. lû-min-os-i-ty, s. [As if from a Lat. luminositas, from luminosus luminous (q. v.).] The same as LUMINOUSNESS (q. v.). "These must give the earth a certain appearance of lû-min-oǎs, a. [Lat. luminosus, from lumen 1. Shining; emitting light, whether original or "[Earth's] other part "Could you, though luminous your eye, Cowper: Political Epistle to Lady Austen. 5. Perspicuous, clear. ch. xx. luminous-jar, s. Elect.: A Leyden-jar having the outer side coated with varnish, strewed over with metallic powder, and the upper part with a hooked piece of metal terminated in a knob, the lower part with a strip of tin connecting it with the ground. If suspended to an electrical machine and the later put in action, large and brilliant sparks will be found outside the jar, illuminating it all around. luminous paint, s. A paint containing phosphorus, which after exposure to strong light becomes luminous in the dark for a time. luminous-pencil, s. Optics: A collection of rays emanating from a luminous body. luminous-ray, s. lunar 2. To take or regard as a whole or in the gross: to count or speak of collectively. "The expenses ought to be lumped together."-Ayliffe. Parergon. B. Intrans.: To be sulky. (Prov.) If he does not like it, he may lump it: If he is not satisfied with what is offered or given, he may please himself. lump-er, s. [Eng. lump; -er.] 1. A laborer employed to load or unload vessels in harbor. 2. A militia-man. lump -fish, s. [Eng. lump, and fish.] Ichthy.: Cyclopterus lumpus. [CYCLOPTERUS.] flump -ing, a. [English lump; -ing.] Large, heavy, bulky." †lump-Ish, *lomp-ish, a. [Eng. lump; -ish.] 1. Like a lump; heavy, bulky. "Little terrestrial particles swimming in it after the grossest were sunk down, which by their heaviness and lumpish figure, made their way more speedily."-BurnetTheory of the Earth. 2. Slow, lazy. "The ox with lumpish pace." Turbervile: That all Things have Release, &c. 3. Dull, spiritless, stupid. Cowper: Yearly Distress. "The punch goes round, and they are dull And lumpish still as ever." lump -Ish-ly, adv. [Eng. lumpish; -ly.] In a lumpish manner; heavily, dully. lămp -Ish-ness, *lump-ish-nesse, s. [English lumpish; -ness.] The quality or state of being lumpish; heaviness, dullness, stupidity. lump-suck-ěr, s. [Eng. lump, and sucker.] Ichthy. The lumpfish (q. v.). lump-, a. [Eng. lump; y.] Full of lumps or small compact masses. la-na, s. [Lat.] 1. Ord. Lang.: The moon. Chem.: AgCl. Chloride of Silver. la-na-çy, s. & a. [Latin luna(ticus)=lunatic (q. v.); Eng. suff. -cy.] A. As substantive: Mental Pathol. & Law: Unsoundness of mind. A distinction exists in nature between a person who, born sane, has from some cause or other fallen into temporary or permanent aberration of intellect, and one born idiotic, and with a brain of so limited a circumference that he is never capable of exercising proper reason. In strictness, only the former is a lunatic. The distinction is not now Optics: The ray in which light is propagated. lům -mox, s. [Perhaps connected with lump lump, lompe, *lumpe, s. [Of Scandinavian irregular mass. fate, făt, färe, amidst, what, fâll, father; wē, wět, here, camel, her, thêre; |