kabbelon

kǎb-bě-lon, s. [Ger. kabbelian; Sw. kabeljo;

Dan. kabeljao=cod-fish.]

I. Ordinary Language:

1. In the same sense as II.

2. Cabbage and potatoes mashed together.

II. Nautical:

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kæmp'-fer-ide, s. [English, &c., Kampfer(ia); suff. -ide.]

Chem.: A crystalline substance without taste or
smell, found in the root of Kampferia galanga. It
melts at 100°, is very soluble in ether, less so in alco-
hol, and almost insoluble in water. Sulphuric acid
imparts to it a beautiful dark green color, while

1. Codfish which has been salted and hung for a potash dissolves it with a bright yellow color.
few days, but not thoroughly dried. (Smith.)
2. A dish of mashed cod. (Smith.)
kǎb-bos, s. [Prob. Native East Indian,]

Ichthy.: The name of an East Indian fish of the Musklan kind. It grows to about two feet long, has no scales, but feels smooth and soft like an eel. Brown in color, its snout is of a paler hue and spotted with black. (Rees: Cyclopædia.)

ka-bin, s. A kind of marriage among the Mohammedans which is not considered as binding for life, but is solemnized on condition that the husband allows the wife a certain sum of money in case of separation. (Wharton.)

kā -bob, kā -bâb, s. [CABOB.]

*kā -bobbed, a. [English kabob; -ed.] Dressed savory as a cabob (q. v.).

"The genteel feel of your tip-top folks is no more like nature than one of your fine kabobbed fricassees is to

plain roast and taties."-Morton: Secrets Worth Knowing, Ka-byle', a. & s. [Arab. kabáil.]

A. As subst. A person belonging to any of a series of tribes inhabiting Algeria, and forming the best known branch of the Berber race, the old aborigines of North Africa, who occupied at one time all the territory between Egypt and the Canary Islands. They were known to the Romans as the Numidians. Although in physique the Kabyles resemble the Arabs, their life and character are radically different. Their houses are of stone; they dwell in towns, and engage not only in the cultivation of figs, vines, and tobacco, but in the manufacture of lime, tiles, soap, and domestic utensils. The fine arts are not unknown to them, and wood-engraving and engraving on metal are practiced among them. Though Mohammedans by religion, their political institutions are essentially democratic. The Arab language is spoken by the majority of them, but their original tongue is not lost, and their popular literature, preserved through oral transmissions, has been committed to writing by a French savant. The French, in whose territory they now lie, find them active soldiers and artisans.

"In short, there is little or nothing that is Arabic about the Kabyle."-Fraser's Magazine, Oct., 1862, p. 449.

B. As adj.: Pertaining to the series of tribes described under A.

"I meant to lodge with the leading men of the village and see Kabyle life."-Fraser's Magazine, Oct., 1862, p. 457.

ka-dar-ite, s. [From Arabic, and Eng. suff. -ite.] Mohammedanism: A sect which deny predestination, and maintain the doctrine of free will. ka'-dî, kad-i-as-ter, s. [CADI.] ka'-dris, s. pl. [From Arab.]

Mohammedanism: An order of Mohammedan dervishes, founded A. D. 1165. They lacerate themselves with scourges.

kǎd-sür'-a, s. [The Japanese name.]
Bot.: A genus of Schizandraces. They are mucil-
aginous shrubs, with three sepals, six to nine petals,
and fifteen or more stamens, found in tropical Asia.
By boiling the juice, a mucilage is obtained, which
is used in making Broussonetia paper. Japanese
women use it also to clean pomatum from their hair.
kǎd-sür-ăd, s. [Mod. Lat. kadsur(a); -ad.]
Bot. (pl.): The name given by Lindley to the
order Schizandraceæ (q. v.).
kāe, s. [KA.] A daw.

"God bless your honours a' your days,
Wi' sowps o' kail and brats o' claise,
In spite o' a' the thievish kaes."
Burns: Cry and Prayer.

kæm-mer-er-ite, s. [Named by Nordenskiöld in 1843 after Kammerer of Bissersk, Russia; suff. -ite (Min.).]

Min.: A reddish-violet variety of Penninite (q. v.), owing its color to varying amounts of sesquioxide of chromium; first found near Lake Itkul, Perm, Russia, and subsequently in well-defined, hexag anal prisms at Texas, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; in both cases associated with chromite.

kæmp-fer-i-a, s. [Named after Engelbert Kampfer, a traveler to Japan, born in Westphalia

A. D. 1651, died in 1716.]

Bot.: A genus of Zingiberacem. Kampferia gal anga is often mixed with the Galangale obtained from Alpinia pyramidalis and A. allughas. The same species and K. rotunda are used medicinally in India.

Kǎf-fer, Kǎf-fir, 8. [KAFIR.]
kǎf-fle, s. [Coffle.]

kǎf-i-la, kǎf-i-lah, s. [Arab. kafala.] A cara-
van or company traveling with camels.
Kǎf-ir, Kǎf-fer, Kaf-fre, s. & a. [Arab. Kâfir=
an unbeliever.]

A. As substantive:

1. One of a race inhabiting the country between
Cape Colony and Delagoa Bay; so called by the
Mohammedans on account of their refusal to accept
Islamism.

2. The language spoken by the Kafirs.

B. As adj. Of or pertaining to the Kafirs.
kaffre-bread, s. [CAFFER-BREAD.]

kǎg ĕ-neik -I-a, s. [Named from Count Frederic
Kageneik, a patron of botany.]

Bot.: A genus of the order Rosacea (Roseworts). Kageneikia cratœgoides is a very tall, ornamental. growing tree, succeeding in loam, peat, and sand; ripened cuttings will strike readily in sand, under a glass in a little heat. It is confined to Chili, and its flowers are white. (Paxton.)

kajak

kail-bell, s. The dinner-bell. (Scotch.) "But hark the kail-bell rings, and I Maun gae link off the pot.'

Herd's Songs, ii. 199. kail-brose, s. Pottage made of meal and the scum of broth. [BROSE.]

kail-castock, s. A stem of the colewort. (Scotch.) [CASTOCK.]

kail-garth, *cale-garth, s. Kitchen garden. [GARTH.]

Angl.

"Cale-garth; ortus, et cetera, ubi a gardynge."-Cath. kail-gully, s. A large knife used in cutting coleworts. (Scotch.) [GULLY.]

kail-pot, s. A pot in which broth is made.

Kail-pot is used in both Scotland and Northern English dialects. (Grose.), Halliwell describes it as a large metal pot for cooking meat and cabbage together, of globular shape, holding three to four gallons, and resting on three little spikes. kail-seed, s. A seed of colewort. (Scotch.) *kail-seller, s. A vegetable dealer. kail-stock, *cal-stocke, s.

I. Literally:

1. Stalk of colewort.

2. A plant of colewort. (Scotch.)

II. Fig.: Any worthless article. (From the sig nification given in 1.) kail-wife, 8.

ka-gû, s. [A New Caledonian word.]
Gruida (Cranes).
Ornith. (pl.): Rhinochetinæ, a sub-family of tables. (Jamieson.)

ka-hâ, s. [Dyak.]

Zool. The name given by the Dyaks of Borneo to
the Long or Proboscis-nosed Monkey (Semnopithe
cus nasalis). It has a nose of prodigious size and
length, a wide mouth, and a receding chin; arms
and legs long; color of the back and shoulders a
reddish or dark-red brown, the rest of a lighter
color. The Dyaks think them descended from men
who took to the woods to avoid paying taxes.

kāil, kāle, *kēal (Milton), *cale, s. [From Gael.
cal (genit. cail)=cabbage; Ir. cal; Manx kail;
Corn. caal; Wel. cawl; Bret. kaol; cf. Lat. caulis
(1) stalk, (2) cabbage. (Skeat.).] [COLE.]
I. Ordinary Language:

1. The name loosely given in England to all vege-
tables down to the fifteenth century, and so occa-
sionally used in modern Scotch.

"Cale, olus, olusculum."-Cath. Angl.

2. A broth made in Scotland of cabbage, with or
without meat. (Jamieson.)

"On thee aft Scotland chows her cood,
In souple scones, the wale o' food!
Or tumblin' in the boiling flood
Wi' kail an' beef."

Burns: Scotch Drink.

3. A dinner. (Scotch.) The phrase "Will you come and take your kail wi' me?" is common in Scotland. Cf. the Fr. invitation, "Voulez-vous venir manger la soupe chez moi ?" Will you come to eat soup with me?] [KAIL-BELL.]

"If you will take your kail with us next Sunday, I will glance over your work."-Scott: Surgeon's Daughter. (Pref.)

II. Botany:

1. The name now given in Scotland and parts of Northern England to all coleworts-i. e., cabbages (Brassica oleracea). It is usually spelled kail. yards] were stored with kale or colewort."-Scott: Wav"The now universal potato was unknown, but [the erley, ch. viii.

2. The name now given in England to a variety of
the Brassica oleracea, differing from the cabbage
in the open heads of its leaves, which are used as
"greens," and as food for cattle. There are many
varieties, the leaves being sometimes green, some.
times reddish-brown, sometimes purplish in color,
and plain, waved, curled, or laciniated in form.
Usually a biennial plant; it is sometimes perennial,
as in the variety known as Milan kale (chou de
Milan). It is usually spelled kale, and is variously
known as borecole, winter greens, German greens,
and Scotch kale. [KALE.]

beggarly broth. (Jamieson.)
T (1) Barefoot, or Barefit kail: A very meager or
(2) Water kail (confined to Lothian, Scotland):
A broth made with water only. (Jamieson.)
(3) To gie kail thro' the reek. [REEK.] (Scotch.)
(a) To give smoky (reekie), and, therefore, nause-
ous or unpalatable broth. Thus, to reprove severely,
to scold in words. (Scott: Old Mortality, ch. xiv.)
(b) To punish, to inflict bodily harm. (Scott:
Rob Roy, ch. xxx.)

(4) To get kail thro' the reek. (Scotch.)
(a) To be severely reproved; to be scolded.
(b) To meet with reverses, or ill-luck.

1. Lit.: A woman who sells kail, or green vege2. Fig. A scold. (Scotch.)

kail-worm, *cale-worm, *cole-worm, s. I. Ordinary Language:

1. Lit. Any caterpillar. (Scotch.)

plied as a term of reproach or contempt.) (Scotch.) 2 Fig.: A person or thing of no importance. (ApScott: Heart of Mid-Lothian, ch. xii.)

II. Entom.: The grub that lives on the leaves of the cabbage or colewort, and ultimately becomes the cabbage butterfly (Pontia brassica vel Rapa, Linn.).

kail-yard, s.

1. A cabbage garden. (Scotch.)

"Hardly sense enough to call the cows out o' his kailyard."-Scott: Antiquary, ch. iv.

2. A kitchen garden. (Scotch.) "The society schoolmaster has with a dwellinghouse and schoolhouse, a kail-yard with an acre of ground."--Sutherlandsh. Statist. Acct., iii. 842.

3. An orchard. (Halliwell: Provincial Dict. käile, v. i. [Perhaps connected with Mid. Eng. kalen to grow cool; akale=cold.] (Northern English.) To decline in health. (Halliwell.) kāilş, s. pl. [KAYLES.]

kāim (1), kāme (1), s. [COMBE.]

1. Ord. Lang.: A ridge; the crest of a hill.
2. Geol.: The same as ESCAR (q. v.).

kāim, kāme (2), s. [COMB, 8.]
kāim, kāme, v. t. [COMB, v.]

kai-ma-con, cai'-ma-con, s. [Turkish.] A title given in the Ottoman Empire to a deputy, or gov ernor. There are generally two kaimacons one residing at Constantinople, the other attending the grand vizier as his lieutenant. (Brande.)

Gael. ceaun=the head.] A duty, such as poultry, kain, s. [Low Lat. cana=a tax, a tribute; from eggs, &c., taken by a landlord in part of the rent from farmers. (Scotch.)

kain-ite, s. [Gr. kainos recent or new; suff. -ite (Min.). Named by Gincken.] subsequently proved by several analyses to be the Min.: Supposed to have been a new species, but Occurs at the Stassfurth salt mines, Magdeburg, same as PICROMERITE (q. v.), mixed with chlorides.

Prussia.

kai-no-zō -ic, s. [CAINOZOIC.]

kai-şer, s. [CESAR.] An einperor; the EmDiocletian's arrangement certain provinces near peror of Germany. He is called Kaiser because by German Empire in 1438, were anciently assigned to the Danube, which came into possession of the a Cæsar. This ancient title of the German Emperors was revived, when, in 1871, King William III. Franco-Prussian war, was proclaimed Emperor of of Prussia, at the successful conclusion of the

Germany.

ka jăk (J as y), kã yăk, kỹ ăk, s. [Esqui maux. The boat of the Esquiinaux, used by the men only. About eighteen feet in length, it is eighteen inches broad in the middle, and, tapering

father; wē, wět, hëre, camel, her, thêre; pine, pit, sïre, sir,

marîne; gō, pot,

*kakele, *kakelle, *keklys, v. i. [CACKLE.] points. The small end of the tube is closed, space An old form of Cackle (q. v.). tkǎk -er-lǎr, s. [Ger.] Entomology:

2. Sea-kale (Crambe maritima). Ka-lee, Kâ ́-lî (1), s. [Sansc., the fem. of kala (q.v.).]

Hindu Myth.: The sacti or consort of Siva in the form Kala (q. v.). She is represented with four arms, one holding a sword, the second a trident, the third a club, and the fourth a shield. A dead body hangs from each of her ears; human skulls strung together form her necklace; and the hands of slaughtered giants interlaced with each other compose her girdle. Her eyebrows are matted and 1 stained with the gore of monsters whom she has

bổil, boy; póùt, jowl; cat, çell, chorus,

sin,

ką-lüsz-ite, s. [Named by Rumpf after its representations, Captain Cook and Mr. (afterward
locality, Kalusz, Galicia; suff. -ite (Min.).]
Min.: The same as SYNGENITE (q. v.).
*kăm, a. [Wel. cam=crooked.] Crooked.
Clean kam: Quite away from the purpose.
"This is clean kam.”—Shakesp.: Coriolanus, iii. 1.
Ka-ma, Ka-ma-dē -va, s. [Sansc. Kama (see
def.), and deva=a_god; cf. Lat. deus.]
Hindu Myth. The god of love. He rides on a
sparrow, and has in his hand a bow of sugar-cane
and five arrows.

In determining the limits of theoretical knowl Bot. The fruit of Solanum laciniatum, a com- edge, Kantendeavored to show that universal forms mon food among the Tasmanians. existing in the mind can only afford knowledge kangaroo-bear, 8. when the objects they cognize are presented by Ex

Zool.: Phascolarctos cinereus, a bear-like marsu- perience, and even then, in any particular case, we pial found in Australia.

"His point is, that though it is unquestionably neces sary to be convinced of God's existence, it is not so necessary to demonstrate it. Going even further he shows that all such demonstrations are scientifically impossible and worthless. On the great questions of metaphysics-Immortality, Freedom, God - scientifie Bot. & Agric.: Anthistiria australis, a favorite knowledge is hopeless."-(Blackwood's Phil. Class.; Kant, Australian fodder-grass.

kan-dele, kan-tele, s. [Finnish.]
Music: The ancient minstrel's harp of the Finns.
The name is also given to a species of dulcimer,
having five strings, in uso among the same people.
fate, făt, färe, amidst, what, fall, father; wē, wět, here, camel, her, thêre;

kapitia

ka-pit'-I-a, s. [Ceylonese (?).] A resin obtained in Ceylon from Croton lacciferum.

kǎp'-nl-çite, s. [Named by Kenngott after its locality, Kapnik, Hungary; suff. -ite (Min.)]

Min. Kapnicite is a hydrated phosphate of alumina closely related to Wavellite (q. v.); it occurs in small, fibrous, radiated spherules, the fibers sometimes terminated as rhombic prisms.

kǎp-nik-ite, s. [Named by Huot after its locality, Kapnik. Hungary; suff. -ite (Min.).] Min.: The same as RHODONITE (q. v.).

kap-nite, s. [Named by Breithaupt, from the Lat. capnites of Pliny (N. H. xxxiv. 22)=a kind of zine ore.]

Min.: A variety of Calamine (q. v.), containing above twenty per cent. of carbonate of iron. Is found at the zinc mines of Attenberg, Aachen. kǎp'-no-mor, s. [CAPNOMOR.] kăr-a-găn, kăr-ă-găne, s.

[Russ. karagan.]

Zool.: A fox, Vulpes karagan, the Canis karagan of Gmelin, and the Karagan fox of Pennant. It inhabits Great Tartary.

Kär -ā-işm, s. [KARAITES.] The doctrines of the Karaites (q. v.).

Kär -ā-iteş, s. pl. [Heb. Qaraim=scripturalists, from qara to call out; to read.]

Jewish Sects: The descendants of the ancient Sadducees. Their system was revised by Anan ben David, who, A. D. 761 or 762, was prince of the Captivity. They reject tradition, and in this respect bear the same relation to the Talmudic Jews that

Protestants do to Roman Catholics. A few years ago they numbered about 5,000 or 6,000. They are found in Russia, Galicia, Constantinople, Jerusalem, &c.

ka-rǎs -ki-er, s. [Turk.] One of the chief officers of justice in Turkey, and a member of the Ulema.

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kǎr-y-o-ki-nět -lc, a. [Gr. karyon=a nut, and
Eng. kinetic (q. v.).] Of, pertaining to, or effected
by karyokinesis (q. v.).

kas-sû, s. [Tamil kashu Acacia Catechu.] A
kind of catechu prepared from Areca catechu.
*kǎs'-tril, s. [KESTREL.]

kǎt-a-, pref. [Gr.] A Greek preposition signify-
ing down, downward, largely used in composition
in English scientific tens derived from the Greek.
ka-tǎl -ÿs-is, 8. [CATALYSIS.]
kǎt-a-pleÏ ́-ite, s. [CATAPLEITE.]
kǎt-chup, s. [KETCHUP.]

*kǎth -ĕn-o-the-Işm, s. [Gr. kath, for kata=
down, according to; hen one, and Eng. theism.]
The same as HENOTHEISM (q. v.).
Kǎth'-er-ine, s. [CATHERINE.]
Katherine's flower, s.
Bot.: Nigella damascena.

kǎth-ě-tom -ět-êr, s. [CATHETOMETER.]
kǎth -ōde, s. [CATHODE.]
kǎt-i-on, s. [CATION.]

ka-tïr-a, s. [A native name.]

Phar.: The gum of Cochlospermum gossypium,
used in India as a demulcent in coughs.
katira-gum, s. [KATIRA.]
kǎt-sup, s. [KETCHUP.]

[Telu-
kặt-ti-mun-đôo, kắt-ti-mun-đủ, &.
goo.] The milky juice of the plant Euphorbia
kattimundoo or Cattimandoo, a small tree, with
five-angled stems, a native of the East Indies. It
resembles caoutchouc, and is used as a cement for
metal, knife-handles, &c.

kā -ty-did, 8. [From the sounds uttered in
shrill accents by the male insect.]
Entom.: Pentaphyllum concavum, a pale-green

ka-ra -tǎs, s. [A West Indian word (?).]
Bot.: Bromelia karatas, a pineapple, with pink orthopterous insect, allied to the grasshopper. It
flowers, a native of the West Indies.

kar-bi, s. [Mahratta.]

Bot.: An Indian name for Sorghum vulgare.

is abundant during autumn in this country.
kau -ri (au as ow), s. [A Maori word.]
Bot. The same as KAURI-PINE (q. v.).

"With the last of the Maoris the last of the Kauris will
land (ed. Sauter), p. 141.

kedjeree

kǎz'-ard-ly, a. [O. Fr. casard tame, domestic atel, from case (Lat. casa) a house, a cottage.] Lean; not thriving well; liable to disease or acci dent. (Said especially of cattle.) (Provincial.)

K. C. B. An abbreviation for Knight Commander of the Bath.

K. C. M. G. An abbreviation for Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George. K. C. S. I. An abbreviation for Knight Commander of the Star of India.

[Named by keat-ing-ine, keat -ing-Ite, s. Shepard after Keating; suff.-ine, -ite (Min.) (g.v.).] Min.: A variety of rhodonite, containing 5'6 per cent. of oxide of zinc. Closely related to fowlerite. (See these words.)

kěb, v. i. [Etym. doubtful.]

1. To cast or drop a lamb immaturely.

2. Of a sheep, to lose a lamb in any way. (Scotch.) keb, 8. (KEB, v.)

1. A ewe that has cast her lamb immaturely, or has lost her lamb.

2. The tick or sheep-louse. (Scotch.)
keb-ewe, s. The same as KEB, s. 1.

ke-bar, s. [CABER.]

kĕb-back, kěb-bock, kěb'-buck, 8. [Gaelio cabag.] A cheese. (Scotch.)

kěb-ble, s. [KEBAR.] A cudgel, a club, a rough walking-stick. (Scotch.)

kĕb-lah, s. [Arab. kiblah anything opposite the south, from kabala to lie opposite.] The point toward which Mohammedans turn their faces in

*kěck, v. i. [Ger. köken to vomit.] To retch, as prayer, being the direction in which Mecca lies. if vomiting; to heave.

"Patients must not keck at them at the first."-Bacon: Natural History.

*kěck (1), s. [KECK, v.] A retching or heaving of the stomach.

kěck (2), s. [KECKSY.]

*kěck-Ish, a. [Eng. keck; ish.] Inclined or having a tendency to retch or vomit.

kěc ́-kle (1), v. i. [CACKLE.] To giggle, to titter. kěc -kle (2), v. t. [Etym. doubtful.] To protect a cable or hawser from chafing at the hawse-hole, wrapping or serving of rope, small chain, or other envelope.

kǎr-ě-lin-ite, s. [Named by Hermann after also disappear from the earth."-Hochstetter: New Zea or from being chafed by ice, &c., by means of a Karelin, the discoverer; suff. -ite (Min.).]

Min.: Oxide of bismuth, with formula BiO3. Massive, with crystalline structure; hardness, 2:0; specific gravity, 6'6; color, lead-gray; luster metallic when cut. Is found at the Savodinsk mine, Altai mountains, mixed with earthy sulphide of bismuth.

Kǎr-ma-thi-anş, s. pl. [Named from Karmat or Karmatia, its founder.]

Hist.: A Mohammedan rationalistic sect, which maintained bloody wars with the Caliphs in the ninth century.

karn, 8, [Corn.=a cairn (q. v.).] Min.: A pile or heap of rocks.

kăr -ně-ŏl, s. [Named by Agricola. Lat. carneus =flesh.]

Min. A flesh-red variety of Chalcedony; carnelian (q. v.).

ka-rub, 8. [CAROB.]

ka-rôo, kǎr-rôo', s. [Hottentot karusa=hard.] Phys. & Botan. Geog.: The middle terrace in point of elevation in the South African tableland, constituting part of the Cape Region. It is very rich in vegetation, which, however, is mostly confined to one month-August. There are Ericaceae, Proteace, Euphorbiaceae, Liliacea, Iridaceae, the Rhinoceros bush (Stoebe rhinocerotis) everywhere on the land, and Prionium, a rush, impeding the water courses. (Thomé.)

kǎr'-ŏs, 8. [Gr.] A headache; drowsiness. (Sylvester.)

kar-pho-lite, 8. [CARPHOLITE.]

kar-pho-sid ́-er-ite, s. [CARPHOSIDERITE.] kǎr-stěn-ite, 8. [Named by Hausmann, who gives no etym. Probably after Karsten the mineralogist; suff. -ite (Min.).]

Min.: The same as ANHYDRITE (q. v.). *kar-vel, 8. [CARAVEL.]

kår --in-ite, s. [Named by Lundström from Gr. karyinos nut-brown, and suffix ite (Min.) (q.v.).]

Min.: Essentially an arceniate of lead and manganese. Massive. Hardness, 3-35; specific gravity, 4-25; luster greasy; color, brown to yellowish-brown. Is found with berzelite and hausmannite (q. v.), at Langban, Wermland, in Sweden.

kǎr-y-ō-ki-nē-sis, 8. [Gr. karyon=a nut, and kinesis movement.]

Biol.: A name for indirect division of a cell, arising from complicated change of the nucleus. boil, boy; pout, jowl; cat, çell, -tion, -tian = shan. -cian,

kauri-gum, s. (See extract.)

"This resinous gum, as it oozes from the tree, is soft,
and of a milky turbidness, not unlike opal, and in this
form it is often chewed by the natives. In course of tea
it hardens, becomes more transparent, and assumes a
Kauri-gum is not soluble in water; it is easily ignited,
bright yellow color, so that it quite resembles amber.
and burns with a sooty flame. It is principally exported
to England and North America; it is used in the prepara-
£10 and £15 per ton."-Hochstetter: New Zealand (ed.
tion of lac and varnish. The value fluctuates between
Sauter), p. 149.
Dammaris australis, the New
Zealand pine; the Yellow pine of the colonists.
[DAMMARIS.]

kauri-pine, s.

kā -vą, kā -wạ, a'-va, s. [A South Sea Island
word.]
Botany, Manufactures, &c.:

1. An intoxicating liquor made in the South Sea
thysticum.
Islands from a species of pepper, Macropiper me-

2. That plant itself.

ka-vǎss', s. [Turk. kawwas.] An armed constable; a government servant or courier.

kâw, v. i. [From the sound.] To cry as a raven, crow, or rook; to caw.

kaw, s. [KAW, v.] The cry of a raven, crow, or
rook; a caw.

kâwn, s. [KHAN.J
*kay, 8. [CAY.]
kay-e-a, s. [Named after Dr. R. Kaye Greville,
of Edinburgh.]

Bot.: A genus of Clusiacea (Guttifers), tribe Ca-
lophylle. It has a one-celled ovary, with four
timber-trees, the former from the Eastern Himalaya
ovules. Kayea floribunda and K. stylosa are large
and the latter from Ceylon.

kāyleş, kāilş, keels, keyles, s. pl. [Dutch
ninepins; cogn, with Dan. kegle-a cone, kegler=
kegel a pin, a kail; mid kegels spelen to play at
ninepins; Sw. kegla-a pin, a cone; Ger. kegel-a
cone, a bobbin; Fr. quille-a peg, a kail.]
1. Ninepins.

2. A game in which nine holes, in threes, are made
in the ground, and an iron ball rolled in among

them.

kěck -ling, s. [KECKLE, v.]

1. The act or operation of protecting a cable or velope. hawser from chafing, by means of a wrapper or en

2. The material used in the operation of keckling. *kěck-lish, a. [Eng. keckl(e); -ish.] Inclined to vomit; squeamish.

kěck-sy, s. [Cf. Welsh cecys = reeds, canes.] The stalks of hemlock, and other Umbelliferæ; kex. Called also keck and kixe.

kěck'-, a. [Eng. keck (2); -y.] Resembling a

kex.

kědge, s. [KEDGE, v.]

Naut.: A small portable anchor, used in warping and other of the lighter duties of an anchor. kedge-anchor, s.

Naut.: A kedge.
kedge-rope, s.

Naut.: The rope which fastens the ship to the kedge.

kědge, v. t. [Sw. dial. keka to tug at anything.] Naut.: To warp, as a ship; to move by means of a light cable or hawser attached to a kedge. kědge (1), kidge, kědg -, *kygge, a. [Icel. kykr, from kirkr = quick, lively; Ger. keck brisk, lively; M. H. Ger. quee.] Brisk, lively, active. kědge (2), a. [Eng. keg a cask; cf. Norwegian kangje = (1) a keg, (2) a round thick person.] Potbellied, fat.

=

kědg'-er, s. [Eng. kedg(e), v.; -er.]
Naut.: The same as KEDGE, 8. (q. v.)
kĕdg-ing, s. [KEDGE, v.]

Naut.: The act or process of warping a ship by means of a kedge.

kědj-er eē, s. [Corrupted from Hind. khichri= a place on the Hooghly, forty miles south-west of (Def. 1). It has been confounded with Kedjeree Calcutta.]

1. A dish prepared by the natives of India. It is of two kinds: white and yellow kedjeree. The (Phaseolus aureus), onion, rice, ghee (clarified but white consists of green grain or rayed kidney bean ter), cloves, pepper, and salt. Yellow kedjerjee is the white, with eggs, and a coloring of turmeric. (Jafur Shurreef.) 2. A medley. (Brewer.)

*kay-nard, s. [O. Fr. caynard idle, slothful.]
A lazy, cowardly fellow. (Chaucer.)
kaz-a, 8. [Turk.] A district or sub-division of
sandjak, marked out for administrative purposes.
expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = L
bel,
go, gem; thin, this; sin, aş;
-ble, -dle, &e=
-sious shús.
çhin, bench;
zhăn. -tious, -cious,
-gion
-tion,

=

chorus, -sion shun;

2424

keel -ing, s. [Icel. keila; Sw. kolja; Dan. kuller.]
Ichthy.: A kind of small cod, from which stock
fish is prepared.

pencil of black or red lead.
keel-i-vine, keel --vine, s. [KEEL (2), s.] A

keelivine-pen, s. The same as KEELIVINE (q. v.).
keel-man, s. [KEELER, 1.]

keek, v. i. [Icel. kikja; Dut. kijken; Sw. kika; the floor-timbers, bindGer. kucken.] To peep, to pry.

keek-ing, pr. par. or a. [KEEK, v.] A looking-glass.

keeking-glass, s.

keel, (1) *kele, *keele, *cule, s. [A confusion between two words: (1) A. S. ceól a ship; cogn, with Icel. kjóll; O. H. Ger. cheol, prob. connected with Gr. gaulos a round-built Phoenician merchant vessel; gaulos a round vessel, a milk-pail, a bucket; Sansc. gola a ball; and (2) Icel. kjör; Dan. kjöl; Sw. köl=the keel of a ship; Ger. & Dut. kiel; Fr. quille; Sp. quilla.]

I. Ordinary Language:

1. A ship; a vessel.

2. In the same sense as II. 3.

keel-son, kel-son, *kel-sine, s. [Sw. kolsoni;
Dan. kjölsviin Norw. kjolsvill; Ger. kielschwein.]
Shipbuild.: A longi-
tudinal piece above
ing them to the keel.
The sister keelsons lie
on each side of the keel-
keelsons. The inter-
son; also called side
costal keelson is a short
piece between frames.
Rider-keelsons are
auxiliary keelsons

placed above the main-
keelson to give addi-
tional strength. Heavy
timbers lying athwart
the main-keelson
cross-keelsons, for

are

3. A barge-load of coals, weighing about 21 tons 4 sustaining the engines

cwt. (Eng.)

II. Technically:

1. Botany:

as some

(1) The two lower petals of a papilionaceous corolla which adhere by their margins so what to resemble the keel of a boat. Called also Carina.

(2) The midrib of a leaf or petal, &c., elevated externally.

2. Naut.: A low, flat-bottomed vessel used in the river Tyne; a coal-barge. (Eng.)

3. Shipbuild.: The lower longitudinal beam of a vessel, answering to the spine, and from which the ribs proceed. In wooden vessels an additional timber beneath is called the false keel. A sliding keel is a board amidships, working in a trunk in the line of the keel, and extending from the bottom to the deck. It is lowered to prevent a vessel's making leeway when sailing with a side wind.

4. Zool.: A projecting ridge along any surface, as, for instance, the back or horns of an animal.

On an even keel: In a level or horizontal position. (Said of a ship.)

keel-staple, s.

Shipbuild.: A copper staple driven into the main and false keels to fasten them.

keel (2), s. [Gael. cill.] Ruddle; red chalk used for marking sheep.

keel (3), s. [KEEL (2), v.] Brewing: A broad, shallow cooling vat. kēel (1), v. t. dle.

[KEEL (2), 8.] To mark with rud

*keel (2), v. t. [A. S. célan, from cól=cool (q. v.).] To cool; to keep from boiling over by scumming. keel-age (age as Ig), s. [Eng. keel; -age.]

1. The right of demanding a toll or duty on every ship entering a harbor.

2. The duty paid by vessels on entering a harbor. keeled, a. [Eng. keel, s.; -ed.]

1. Bot. Carinate; formed like the keel of a boat. Example, the glumes of many grasses.

and boilers of steam-
ships.

keel-vǎt, s. [KEEL-
FAT.]

cene = knowing, wise,
keen, *kene, a. [A.S.
from the same root as
ken, con, can; cogn.
with Dut. koen=bold,
stout; Icel. kænn =

HP

&P

SP

K
FR

18

LB

K. Keel. FK. False keel. D.
Deadwood. SP. Stepping-
pieces. LS. Limber-strakes.
HF. Half-floor. KS. Keel-
son. GS. Garboard-strakes.
L. Limbers. LB. Limber
board.

wise; O. H. Ger. chuoni, kuani; M. H. Ger. kuene;
Ger, kühn=bold.].

1. Sharp, well-edged; having a sharp or fine edge.
"He drew his bow with arrowes sharpe and kene."
Wyatt: The Louer Complaineth,

keep

and placed upon a bier, the chief keener arranged his followers at the foot and head of the corpse, and recited at the first the Caoinan, in which were described the virtues and possessions of the departed. This eulogy, sung softly, and accompanied upon the harp, was followed by a full chorus of all assembled. The process was repeated during the wake or vigil before the burial, the keeners sometimes following the corpse to the grave. When the body was laid down for the purpose of resting

the bearers, or the procession came in sight of a wayside present knelt to say in silence an Ave or a Paternoster.”— cross or chapel, the keening was suspended, and all Stainer & Barrett.

kéen-lý, adv. [Eng.keen; -ly.] In a keen manner; sharply, acutely.

"For private woes most keenly bite."

Jones: Pindar; First Nemean Ode. keen -ness, s. [Eng. keen; -ness.]

1. The quality or state of being keen or sharp; sharpness of edge; edge.

"In his Etnean forge, the God of fire Immortal keenness on the blade bestowed."

Dryden: Virgil's Eneid, xii. 143. 2. Sharpness of intellect; acuteness of mind. 3. Sharpness, bitterness, asperity, roughness. "The poor herds that lately did them keep, Shuddered with keenness of the winter's cold." Drayton: Pastorals, Ecl. 10. 4. Eagerness, sharpness; as, keenness of appetite. 5. Sharpness, penetration; as, the keenness of a look.

6. Eagerness, vehemence; as, keenness in any sport.

7. Sharpness, bitingness, bitterness, acrimony; as, keenness of sarcasm.

keenness of grief.
8. Sharpness, painfulness, acuteness; as, the

keen-wit-těd, a. [English keen, and witted.] Sharp, acute; having acute wit or discernment.

"Sarcasms such as, in moments of spleen, dropped but too easily from the lips of the keenwitted Dorset."—Yacaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. xvii.

keep, kepe, *keepe, v. t. & i. [A. S. cépan, another form of cypan to traffic, sell, store up, or

2. Sharp in intellect; acute of mind; penetrating, keep. Keep is a doublet of cheapen.] far-seeing.

"Even a keen and strong intellect might be expected to
rust in so unfavorable a situation."-Macaulay: Hist.
Eng., ch. iii.

3. Biting, sharp, piercing, severe, penetrating,
cutting.
"The keenest frost that binds the stream."
Cowper: To the Rev. Mr. Newton.
4. Eager, sharp; as, a keen appetite.
5. Sharp, searching, close.

"Their weekly frauds his keen replies detect."
Tate: Absalom and Achitophel, ii. 1,033.

6. Eager, vehement, fierce.
"Where the Douglas true, and the bold Buccleuch,
'Gainst keen Lord Evers stood."
Scott: Eve of St. John.
"Never did I know

7. Eager, anxious longing.

A creature, that did bear the shape of man,
So keen and greedy to confound a man."
Shakesp.: Merchant of Venice, iii. 2.

8. Biting, sharp, bitter, acrimonious.
"She's angry, she's keen and shrewd."
Shakesp.: Midsummer Night's Dream, iii. 2.
9. Expressive of eagerness or mental sharpness.
"They were listened to by high and low with the keen-
est enjoyment."-Tylor: Early History of Mankind, ch. i.
10. Painful, strong; as, a keen pain.
keen-edged, a. Having a sharp edge.
"I am prepared; here is my keen-edged sword."
Shakesp.: Henry VI., Pt. I., i. 2.
keen-eyed, a. Having sharp, piercing eyes.
"Grave without dullness, learned without pride,
Exact, yet not precise, though meek, keen-eyed."
Cowper: Conversation, 610.
*kēen (1), v. t. [KEEN, a.] To make keen or

2. Zool.: Having a projecting ridge along the sur- sharp; to sharpen. face.

keel-er, s. [Eng. keel (1); -er.]

1. One who assists in the management of boats or barges; a keelman.

2. A shallow tub for holding stuff for calking ships, and other purposes.

"Nor when cold winter keens the brightening flood, Would I, weak-shivering, linger on the brink." Thomson: Summer, 1,259. kēen (2), v. i. [KEEN, 8.] To raise the keen over the body of a deceased person.

keen, s. [Ir. caoine a bewailing for the dead.] deceased person. (Irish.)

keel-făt, s. [English keel (2), v., and Mid. Eng. A bitter, piercing lamentation over the body of a fat=vat.]

had been

A. Transitive:

1. To hold or retain in one's possession or power; not to part with.

2. To have or retain in charge or custody; to guard. 3. To watch over; to guard.

"O Lord, keep the door of my lips."-Psalm exli. 3. 4. To preserve, to retain; not to let go or slip. "Keep this for ever in the imagination of the thoughts of the heart of thy people."-1 Chron. xxix. 18. 5. To preserve, to maintain. "The Lord God, merciful and gracious, keeping mercy for thousands."-Exodus xxiv. 7.

6. To preserve, to restrain.

"Keep me from presumptuous sins.”—Psalm xix. 3. 7. To tend; to have the care or supervision of; to look after.

"God put him into the garden of Eden to keep it."Genesis ii. 15.

8. To hold in charge for another. "If a man shall deliver unto his neighbor money or stuff to keep."-Exodus xxii. 7.

9. To hold or maintain in any state; to preserve. "A single troop of dragoons, which did not form part of any regiment, was stationed near Berwick, for the purpose of keeping the peace among the moss-troopers of the border."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. iii.

10. To keep up or maintain, as an establishment, institution, &c.; to carry on, to conduct, to manage; as, to keep a school, &c.

11. To hold or retain by some degree of force in any place or state. (Often followed by down, under, in, off.)

"Ingenuous shame and the apprehensions of displeasure are the only true restraints: these alone ought to hold the reins, and keep the child in order."-Locke: On Education.

12. To practice; to use habitually.

"I rule the family very ill, and keep bad hours."-Pope. 13. To observe, to solemnize.

"This shall be for a memorial; and you shall keep it a feast to the Lord."-Exodus xii. 14.

14. To observe; not to break or violate.
"His promise Palamon accepts; but prayed
To keep it better than the first he made."
Dryden: Palamon and Arcite, ii. 193.
15. To do, to perform, to carry out, to fulfill.
"Thou commandest us to keep thy precepts."-Psalm
cxix. 4.

of life; to board.
16. To maintain; to support with the necessaries
17. To maintain; to keep up.

"The appalling influence of the keen
familiar to me."-Lever: Charles O'Malley, ch. viii.
keen -er, s. [Eng. keen; -er.] (See extract.)
hired to howl at funerals, in perpetuation of a heathen
"Irish singing mourners, who, in olden times, were
custom derived from a Phoenician ancestry. The duty of
professional keeners was undertaken by the females of the
family, or acquaintance of the deceased. After the body
had been dressed in grave-clothes, adorned with flowers,
father; wē, wet, here, camel, her, thêre;

"They were honorably brought to London, where every one of them kept house by himself."-Hayward. pine, pit, sïre, sir, marîne; gō, pot,