jubilate

ja-bil-āte, v. i. [JUBILATION.] To rejoice greatly, to exult.

"The hurrahs were yet ascending from our jubilating lips."-De Quincey: Autob, Sketches, ch. ii.

ja-bil-ā-tion, s.

exultation.

[Fr., from Lat. jubilationem, accus. of jubilatio, from jubilatus, pa. par. of jubilo to rejoice, to shout for joy.]. The act of shouting in triumph or for joy; a rejoicing; a triumph; "God ascended with jubilation and the Lord with the sound of the trumpet."-Bp. Hall: Contempl.; The Ascenjū-bil-eě, *ju-be-lye, *ju-bi-ly, s. [Fr. jubilé, from Lat. jubilæus the jubilee, from Heb. yobel the blast of a trumpet, a shout of joy.]

sion.

I. Ordinary Language:

1. In the same sense as II. 1.

2. Any season of great public rejoicing or festivity; any occasion of joy or rejoicing.

"It will not whisper, but proclaim a jubilee to the mind."-South: Sermons, vol. i., ser. 1.

3. Joy, rejoicing, exultation. (Scott: Lady of the Lake, vi. 6.) 4. The fiftieth anniversary of some event of public interest or importance. The jubilee of Queen Victoria, who ascended the English throne June 20, 1837, was celebrated June 21, 1887. (In this sense used also adjectively.)

II. Technically:

1. Jewish: Properly the trumpet or horn blown in a certain year, or the sound it made; now used more generally for the year itself. It occurred every fiftieth year. Seven was a sacred number, and it became yet more so if multiplied by itself (7X7), after which came the jubilee. There was to be no tillage or harvest that year (Levit. xxv. 11, 12). Any descendant of those among whom Joshua partitioned the land who, from poverty, had parted with his property, was to receive it back (xxv. 13-34; xxvii. 16-24); and those Israelites who were the slaves of their brethren, or of foreigners resident within the land, were to go free (xxv. 39-54). The Jubilee seems to be alluded to in Ezek. xlvi. 17; Isa. Ixi. 1,2; Neh. v. 1-19; cf. also Num. xxxvi. 4, 6, 7; 1 Kings xxi. 1-4); but no historic description, in the Bible or elsewhere, of a jubilee actually kept in a particular year has descended to our times.

"It shall be a yere of jubelye vnto you."-Leviticus XXV (1551.)

2. Roman Catholic: A feast first instituted in A. D. 1300 by Boniface VIII., who proposed that it should be celebrated at the commencement of each succeeding century; Clement VI. enacted that it should recur every fifty years, and Urban VI., in 1389, that it thould be every thirty-three years. Paul II. reduced the period to a quarter of a century, and since his time there has been no alteration. A pilgrimage to Rome was the original condition of obtaining the indulgence promulgated at a jubilee, but latterly this has been commuted. There was no jubilee in 1800, the Holy See being vacant.

"Now every twenty-fifth year is a year of jubilee."

Jortin: On Ecclesiastical History.

int -bu-lạ,s. [Dimin. of JUBA (q. v.).] Bot.: A synonym for Frullania and the typical genus of the family Jubulidæ (q. v.). ju-bül -I-dæ, s. pl. [Mod. Lat. jubul(a); Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -idæ.]

Bot.: A family of Jungermanner. *jû-cũn'-di-tỷ, s. [Lat. jucunditas, from jucundus pleasant.] Pleasantness; agreeableness.

"The new or unexpected jucundities will have activity enough to excite the earthiest soul."-Browne: Vulgar Errors, bk. vii., ch. xvi.

Ju-dah-ite, s. [Eng. Judah, and suff. -ite.] An individual of the tribe of Judah; a citizen of the kingdom of Judah; a Jew.

jû dā -ĭc, *jû dā -ic-al, a. [Lat. judaicus, from Judæa.] Pertaining or relating to the Jews.

Ju-dā -ic-al-ly, adv. [Eng. judaical; -ly.] After the manner of the Jews.

Jû -dā-Işm, s. [Fr. judaisme; from Lat. judaismus, from Judæus a Jew.]

1. Ordinary Language:

1. The religious doctrines and rites of the Jews, according to the law of Moses.

2. Conformity to Jewish rites and ceremonies. II. Religion: One of the most important faiths of the world, which Christians, as well as Jews, consider to have been revealed by God.

communicated to the people, a complicated system Jude's epistle is like 2 Peter, that portions of the of ceremonial observances, interspersed with ju- one seem to have been transcribed from the other. dicial enactments. A splendid tabernacle-i. e., a There is a slight probability in favor of the view tent-on a divine model, was erected as the habita- that 2 Peter was the original and Jude the copy. tion of Jehovah, in the journeyings through the (Cf. 2 Peter ii. 4, 6, 10, 11, 15, &c., with Jude 6, 7, 8, 9, wilderness, to be in due time followed by a temple, 11, &c.). It is believed that Jude quotes an apoc when the people were permanently settled. A ryphal work, the Book of Enoch (verses 14, 15), hereditary priesthood was consecrated, and a theo- and, according to Origen, another, The Assumption cratic form of government maintained, the supreme of Moses (verse 9). Jude is not in the Peschito or civil ruler, whether lawgiver, military leader, judge, ancient Syriac version; but it is in the Muratorian or king, being regarded as the vicegerent of God. fragment, about A. D. 170, and in the Old LatAncient Judaism was the precursor of Christianity in version; it is referred to also by Tertullian, and the germ from which it sprang; and Christians Clement of Alexandria, Origen, and Jerome. Euse generally believe that all the ceremonies, sacred bius placed it among his Antilogoumena, but the personages, &c., of the older economy were types Council of Laodicea, about A. D. 360, and that of and shadows of the life and sufferings of Jesus Hippo, A. D. 393, finally fixed it in the canon. Christ (Heb. ix., x., &c.). Colenso, in common with some rationalistic writers, believes that what he terms the Levitical or Later legislation was never really put in force till after the Babylonish Captivity.

(2) Modern Judaism: After the Jews lost their independence, and especially after the destruction of Jerusalem the judicial regulations of the Mosaic law ceased to be observed. Tradition also gained increased authority, and in the latter half of the fourth century arose the Jerusalem, and in the sixth the Babylonian Talmud, containing the rules, constitutions, precepts, and interpretations intended to supplement those of the Old Testament. Notwithstanding these and other changes, modern to the ancient type of the faith. Judaism still bears very considerable resemblance

ju-da-Ist, s. [Eng. Juda(ism); -ist.] An adherent of Judaism (q. v.).

jû-da-ist-ic, a. [Eng. judaist; -ic.] Of or belonging to Judaism; Judaical. jû-da-i-zā -tion, s. The act of judaizing.

[Eng. judaiz (e); -ation.]

jû-dā-īze, v. t. & i. [Fr. judaizer; Prov. judayzar, judaigar; Sp. judaizar: Port. judaisar; Ital. giudaizzare, from Lat. judaizo.]

A. Trans. To impose Jewish observances upon Gentile Christians.

"Blundering upon the dangerous and suspectful translations of the apostate Aquila, the heretical Theodotion, the judaiz'd Symmachus."-Milton: Of Reformation in England, bk. i.

B. Intrans. To practice Jewish observances or hold and teach Jewish opinions.

"They were judaizing doctors who taught the observation of the Mosaic law, as necessary to Christians."—Bp. Hall: Works, vol. i., ser. 13.

jû'-dā-iz-ēr, s. [Eng. judaiz(e); -er.]

Ch. Hist. (pl.): Christians of Jewish descent, who sought to impose upon the Gentile converts the heavy burden of the Mosaic ritual.

Jû-das, s. [Gr. Ioudas, from Heb. Yehudah Judah; thus the Judas of the New Testament is the Judah of the Old.]

1. Scrip.: The name of several persons mentioned in the New Testament. (1) Judah, the son of Jacob (Matt. i. 2, 3), (2) Judas (not Iscariot) one of the apostles (Luke vi. 16; John xiv. 22; Acts i. 13, &c.). (3) Judas Iscariot-i.e., probably Judas of Kerioth in Judah (Joshua xv. 25; Matt. x. 4, &c.). (4) Judas of Galileo, leader of a revolt (Acts v. 37). (5) Judas, surnamed Barsabas (Acts xv. 22). (6) The writer of the Book of Jude (Jude 1).

The compounds are from No. (3).

2. Fig.: A treacherous person; a traitor. 3. The same as JUDAS-HOLE (q. v.). Judas-colored, a. Red, reddish: from a tradition that the traitor Judas had red hair.

"With two left legs, and Judas-colored hair." Dryden: Character of Tonson. Judas-ear, 8.

Bot.: Auricula Judæ (q. v.). *Judas-hole, s. A small hole cut in a door, &c., to enable a person to see into the room without being himself seen.

Judas-kiss, s. A treacherous endearment.
Judas-tree, s.

Jû-dē -an, a. & 8. [Lat. Judæus, from Judæa.] A. As adj.: Of or pertaining to Judæa. B. As subst.: A native or inhabitant of Judæa. judge, juge, s. [Fr. juge, from Lat. judicem, accus. of judex a judge; Sp. juez; Port. juiz; Ital. giudice.]

I. Ordinary Language:

1. A civil officer invested with power to hear and determine causes, civil or criminal, and to administer justice in courts held for that purpose.

"Judges ought to remember, that their office is jus di cere, and not jus dare; to interpret law, and not to make law, or give law."-Bacon: Essays; Of Judicature.

2. A person authorized or empowered in any way to decide a dispute or quarrel.

"Who made thee a judge over us?"-Exodus ii. 14. 3. A person appointed to decide in a trial of skill between two or more parties.

"And now by this, their feast all being ended, The judges which thereto selected were, Into the Martian field adowne descendod." Spenser: F. Q., IV. v. 6. 4. One who has power to determine the destiny of

men.

"Shall not the judge of all the earth do right?"-Gene sis xviii. 25.

5. One who has skill, science, or experience suffi cient to decide upon the merits, value or quality of anything; a connoisseur; a critic.

"A perfect judge will read each piece of wit, With the same spirit that its author writ." Pope: Essay on Criticism, 233. II. Technically:

1. Law: The National and State systems of ju dicature in this country comprise in their list of officers judges of various degrees of dignity and of widely variant functions. In most of the states the most numerous class are the presiding officers of

courts of oyer and terminer, hustings courts, criminal courts, courts of correction, &c., the names given similar tribunals in the different commonwealths varying. They have in most instances both criminal and (to a certain extent) civil jurisdiction, but in other cases are restricted entirely to one or the other function. Of a higher dignity than these are the circuit judges, who in some commonwealths have large supervisory and reviewing powers, while the whole system is presided over by the judges of the supreme state courts. The United States judges range in dignity from district to supreme court officials. Judges are recipients of office in divers ways- -some being elected by the people, others by the legislature; and yet others are appointed by the President or by governors of the states.

ΑΠ

2. Jewish Hist. (pl.): Certain remarkable individ uals raised up in Israel after the death of Joshua and prior to the establishment of the Jewish monarchy. At that time there was little unity among the tribes, each of which, like a Scottish Highland clan, looked up to its own individual chief, and not often to any higher human authority. Some judges owed their power to having been the first to rise against foreign oppression, which they overthrew; others discharged only peaceful functions. acted in the Jewish theocracy as vicegerents of Jehovah. The series of events, oftener than once repeated, was first, that the people were seduced into idolatry; next, that as a punishment for this, they were conquered, and placed under the yoke of a foreign oppressor; then a judge arose who under God set them free, and the land had rest normally for forty years. The Hebrew name Shophetim sometimes means princes as well as judges. The jud-cock, jud-dock, s. [Cf. Wel. giach = a functions of the judge in some respects resembled snipe.] Ornith.: Gallinago gallinula, the jack-snipe. Jude, s. [The English form of Gr. Ioudas.] (For def., see T.) [JUDAS.]

Bot.: The genus Cercis. *Ja-das-ly, adv. [Eng. Judas; -ly.] Treacherously, as Judas betrayed our Lord. "William Tyndall was Judasly betrayed by an Englishman."-Tyndall: Works, p. 429.

The General Epistle of Jude:

New Test. Canon: A short epistle penned by Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James. The James was probably "the brother of the Lord,' who may or may not have been identical with the apostle James, the son of Alphæus. So much of

those of a Roman dictator, and in others those of a Mohammedan Mahdi. St. Paul considered the rule of the judges to have continued 450 years (Acts xiii. 20). A date apparently inconsistent with this (1 Kings vi. 1) is believed to be an erroneous reading. The Book of Judges:

Old Test. Canon: The seventh book in order of the Old Testament. It was named Judges because at the period to which it refers Israel was ruled by sin, aş; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f.

judicial

2. The distribution or administration of justice. "The honor of the judges in their judicature is the king's honor."-Bacon: Advice to Villiers. 3. The judicial body.

4. Legality, lawfulness. (Milton.)

5. The extent of the jurisdiction of a court or judge. Supreme Court of Judicature: [SUPREME COURT OF JUDICATURE.] ja-di-cial (cial as shal), a. & s. [O. Fr. judiciel, from Lat. judicialis pertaining to courts of law; judicium=a trial, judgment.]

A. As adjective:

1. Pertaining to or connected with courts of jus"They had, in their judicial capacity, been guilty of injustice."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. xiv.

tice, or the administration of justice.

2. Used or employed in a court of justice. "What government can be without judicial proceedings?"-Bentley.

3. Proceeding from, issued or ordered by a court of justice.

"It had produced seditions, impeachments, rebellions, battles, sieges, proscriptions, judicial massacres."-Ma caulay: Hist. Eng., ch. x.

4. Inflicted as a punishment or in judgment; as, a judicial punishment. 5. Enacted or established by statute or constitutional authority.

6. Judicious. (Ben Jonson.)

7. Adapted or fitted for judging; as, a judicial mind.

*B. As subst.: The act of administering justice. "It is to your condemnation, and to your ignomynie, that you doe exercise judicials among you."-Barnes: Workes, p. 209.

Judicial-acts, s. pl.

Eng. Law: Acts declaring that certain acts shall be valid only if done by two magistrates. (Opposed to ministerial acts, for which one of the two magistrates will suffice.) (Wharton.)

Judicial-astrology, s. [ASTROLOGY.] judicial-separation, s. [SEPARATION.] ju-di-cial-lỹ (cial as shal), adv. [Eng. Judicial; ly. In a judicial manner; according to the forms of justice.

jû-di-ci-a-ry (c as sh), a. & s. [Fr. judiciare, from Lat. judiciarius.]

A. As adj. Of or pertaining to courts of judicature; judicial.

†B. As subst.: That branch of the government which is concerned with the administration of justice, in cases civil or criminal; the system of courts of justice in a country; the judges collectively. Judiciary-astrology, s. The same as JUDICIAL ASTROLOGY (q. v.).

jû-di-cious, a. [Fr. judicieux, from Lat. *judiciosus. from judicium=judgment.]

*1. Of or pertaining to a court or the administration of justice; judicial.

"His last offences Shall have judicious hearing." Shakesp.: Coriolanus, v. 6. 2. Acting according to sound judgment; prudent, sagacious, clear-headed, discreet. "But the judicious are always a minority; and scarcely anybody was then impartial."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. ix.

3. Arising from or in accordance with sound judgment; founded on reason or judgment; well calculated to secure the best result; prudent, welladvised.

"The Prince [William I.] was rather made to surmount all dangers he encountered by brave actions and judicious councils, than either to invite or antipate his misfortunes by distrust and vain apprehensions."-Sir W. Temple: Introd. to the History of England.

ja-di-cious-lỹ, adv. [Eng. judicious; -ly.] In a judicious manner; wisely, prudently; with good Judgment or discretion; discreetly.

"See how judiciously he has picked out those that are most proper."-Addison: Essay on Virgil's Georgics. ja-di-cious-ness, s. [English judicious; -ness.] The quality or state of being judicious; sound judgment or discretion; good sense.

Ja-dith, s. [Gr. Ioudith, Ioudeith, Ioudeth, from Heb. Yehudith (1) gen, a Jewess, (2) spec. the wife of Esau (Gen. xxvi. 34).]

Apocrypha: The fourth of the apocryphal books. The narrative opens with the "twelfth year of the reign of Nabuchodnosor, who reigned in Nineveh, the great city." That potentate, finding his armies thwarted in their progress to the west, resolved to take signal vengeance. His chief opponents were the Israelites, who fortified themselves in Bethulia. While Holofernes, his general, was besieging this stronghold, the heroine of the book,

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juglands

Ju-dy, s. [From Judas the traitor, Latin Judei (Jews), or possibly a dimin. of the female name Judy show. [PUNCH AND JUDY.] Judith (?). The female figure in a Punch and

*júf -fer, s. [Etym. doubtful.]

Carp.: An old name for a piece of timber four or five inches square.

jug (1), *jugge, s. [Etym. doubtful. According to Wedgwood, connected with "Jug or Judge, formerly a familiar equivalent of Joan or Jenny," as and Jill were also used for the names of drinking in Cotgrave, "Jehannette, Jug or Jinny." So Jack vessels.]

1. A variously-shaped vessel of earthenware, ear, and used for holding and carrying liquors; a metal, or wood, usually provided with a handle and pitcher, a ewer.

"You'd rail upon the hostess of the house,
Because she brought stone jugs."

Shakesp.: Taming of the Shrew. (Introd.) 2. A prison, a lock-up. Generally called a stonejug. (Slang.) jŭg (2), s. [Probably onomatopoetic.] A word used to represent the note of the nightingale. jug (1), v. t. (JUG (1), 8.]

1. To put into and cook in a jug; as, to jug a hare.

2. To commit to prison, to lock up. (Slang.) jug (2), v. i. [Etym. doubtful; cf. Icel. hjuka-to nurse, to cherish.] To nestle together; to collect, as partridges in a covey.

ja-ga, s. pl. [JUGUM.]

*juge, s. [JUDGE.]

A. Intransitive:

2. One who practices or performs tricks by sleight of hand; a conjuror; one skilied in legerdemain. "Nimble jugglers that deceive the eye."

Shakesp.: Comedy of Errors, i. 2 8. An impostor, a cheat, a deceitful fellow, a charlatan.

"O me, you juggler, you canker blossom!" Shakesp.: Midsummer Night's Dream, iii. 2 Júg'-gler-ess, s. [Eng. juggler; -ess.] A female who practices jugglery.

jug-gler-, *jog-ler-ie, s. [O. Fr. joglerie: Fr. jonglerie.] The art or performances of a juggler; [JUG. lng gling, *jug-ling, pr. par., a. & s. legerdemain; sleight of hand; trickery, imposture.

GLE, v.]

A. & B. As pr. par. & particip. adj.: (See the verb.)

C. As subst.: Jugglery; underhand practice. "By the jugglings of the greatest part of the clergy."Burnet Hist. Reformation (an. 1559).

Jug-gling-ly, adv. [Eng. juggling; -ly.] In a juggling, deceitful, or tricky manner. jug-gur, s. [Hind., &c.]

Ornith. Falco juggur, a large Indian falcon trained to fly at partridges, florikins, and even Jăg lăn-đã-çě-, lũg lăn-dě-æ, s.pl. [Lat. herons. Called also luggar. juglans (gonit. juglandis): fem. pl. adj. suff. -acea, ed.]

Bot.. Juglands; an order of Diclinous Exogens, alliance Quernales. It consists of trees with a watery or resinous juice, alternate pinnated exstipulate leaves, imperfect, monoscious flowers the male ones in catkins, the female ones in terminal clusters. Males having the calyx two, three, or six parted, adhering to a scale-like bract; stamens, three or more. Females having the calyx three to five divisions, deciduous or shriveling; adherent to the ovary with a minute limb, having corolla, generally none, but sometimes with minute petals; ovary two to four celled at the base, one celled at the apex: ovule one erect. Fruit, a onestone drupe, naked, or with an involucre. The order consists of fine trees, chiefly American and Indian. Genera, about four; known specios, twentyseven.

Jăg lăn dín, s. [For etym. sen supra.]. An extractive substance of medical and economic value, found in the husks of green walnuts-Juglans = a walnut, [Lat. juglan(s) jăg-lăn-dine, 8. regia. It is also called nucin. and suff. -ine.] An alkaloid found in green walnut leaves.

jug-lăndş, s. pl. [Lat. juglans (genit. juglandis).]

Bot.: The name given by Lindley to tho order Juglandaceae (q. v.).

bel, del. -sious = shús. -ble, -dle, &c. = sin, aş; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = £.

juglans

Jug-lăng, s. [Lat.=a walnut, from Jovis glans the nut of Jove.]

1. Bot. The typical genus of the order Juglandaceae. Males: calyx with five or six scales, with eighteen to thirty-six stamens. Females: calyx adhering to the ovary. Fruit with a fleshy husk, bursting irregularly. The rind of Juglans regia, the Walnut (q. v.), is acrid and purgative. J. ca thartica-the butter-nut, oil-nut, or white walnutan American species, is purgative. J. regia and nigra furnish a wood which, when polished, is of a rich deep brown color.

2. Palæobot.: The genus is believed to occur in

the Upper Cretaceous rocks of Europe.

jû-gu-lar, a. & s. [From Lat. jugulum=(1) the collar bone, (2) the part of the throat just above it, (3) the throat itself.]

A. As adjective: Anatomy:

1. Human: Of or belonging to the throat. Thus there is a jugular eminence, a jugular foramen, &c. 2. Compar.: Of or belonging to the lower throat. (Used of the ventral fins when placed in advance of the attachment of the pectorals.)

B. As subst.: One of the jugular veins.

"The wound was so deep and wide, that being cut through the gullet, wind-pipe, and both the jugulars, it reached to the vertebræ."-Evelyn: Memoirs (1683).

jugular-veins, s. pl.

Anat. Veins of the neck which return the blood from the head; they are three in number, the external, the anterior, and the internal jugular. jû-gu-lär -ēş, s. pl. [Masc. or fem. pl. of Mod. Lat. jugularis, from jugulum=the throat.]

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2. A drink composed of brandy, whisky, or other spirituous liquor, with sugar, pounded ice, and a flavoring of mint. Called also a mint-julep." "The little man stood tiptoe

and ordered at

last a mint-julep."-H. B. Stowe: Uncle Tom's Cabin, ch. viii.

II. Pharm.: A preparation of sugar with some
liquid, and used as a vehicle for any medicine.
Ja'-li-a, s. [Lat. fem. of Julius.]
Astron.: [ASTEROID, 89.]

taining to or originated by Julius Caesar.
Ja-li-an, a. [Lat. Julianus, from Julius.] Per-
Julian-calendar, s. [CALENDAR.]
Julian-epoch, s.

Chron.: The date of the Julian calendar.
Julian-period, s.

Chron.: A period of 7,980 years, produced by multiplying 19 (the lunar cycle) by 28 (the solar cycle), and 15 (the Roman induction). It began 4,713 years before the Christian era.

ja-lld i næ, jû-lid-i-na, s. pl. Latin julis, suff. -ince, or neut. -ina.]

jump

2. To make a confused noise.

"A boysterousse basse he bounsed out,
And jumbled on his strings."

Drant: Horace, bk. i., sat. &

jum-ble, s. [JUMBLE, v.]

1. Ord. Lang.: A confused mixture; a mass or collection mixed or thrown together confusedly and without order.

2. Confect.: A thin sweetbread, composed of flour, sugar, butter, and eggs, and flavored with lemon-peel or sweet almonds.

jum -ble-měnt, s. [Eng. jumble; -ment.]

1. The act of jumping or mixing confusedly together.

2. The state of being jumbled or thrown together confusedly; a confused mixture.

jům -blĕr, 8. [Eng. jumbl(e); er.] One who mixes or jumbles things together without order. jum-bling, pr. par., a. & 8. [JUMBLE, v.]

A. & B. As pr. par. & particip. adj.: (See the verb.)

C. As subst. The act of mixing or throwing together confusedly or without order. jum-bling-ly, adv. [Eng. jumbling; -ly.] In a jumbling or confused manner.

*jū -měnt, 8. [Fr., from Lat. jumentum, formerly jugumentum, from jugum a yoke; jungo=to join: Sp. jumento; Ital. giumento.] A beast of burden.

jump, jumpe, v. i. & t. [Sw. dial. gumpa=to spring; cogn, with Dan. gumpe to jolt; M. H. Ger. gumpen to jump; gumpeln to play the buffoon;

anterior to the pectoral.

*jû ́-gu-lāte, v. t. [Lat. jugulatus, pa. par. of jugulo to cut the throat; jugulum=the throat.] To kill by cutting the throat.

*jû-gu-la-tor, s. [Lat., from jugulatus, pa. par. of jugulo.] A cut-throat; a murderer. jû-gu-lō-çě-phǎl-ic, a.

[Lat. jugulum=the throat, and Gr. kephale=the head.]. Anat.: Of or belonging both to the head and the throat, as being connected with both. There is a jugulocephalic vein.

jû -gŭm (pl.jû'-ga), s. [Lat.=a yoke.] Botany:

1. Sing. A pair of leaflets placed opposite to each other on the common petiole of a pinnated

leaf.

2. Pl.: The ridges on the fruit of an umbelliferous plant.

jûiçe, *juse, s. [Fr. jus, from Lat. jus-broth, soup; cogn. with Sansc. yúsha=soup.]

1. Sing. The sap; the watery part of vegetable, or the fluid part of animal bodies.

2. Pl. (Succi): The expressed juices of a plant to be used medicinally, as those of the belladonna, &c. *jaiçe, v. t. [JUICE, 8.] To moisten, to wet, to soak.

*jûiçe-ful, a. [Eng. juice; -full).] Full of or abounding in juice; juicy.

jûiçe-less, a. [English juice; -less.] Without juice or sap; dry.

jûiç -I-ness, s. [Eng. juicy; -ness.] The quality or state of being juicy or abounding with juice; succulence.

jûi-çy, a. [Eng. juic(e); -y.] Abounding with juice; succulent.

"My juicy plums for thee forbear to grow." Jago: Goldfinches. *Juise, s. [JEWISE.]

jû -jûbe, jûjûb, s. [Lat. zizyphus.] 1. Bot.: Two fruits, those of Zizyphus vulgaris and Z. jujuba, plants belonging to the Rhamnace. 2. Confectionery: A lozenge or confection made of gum arabic or gelatine sweetened, generally spoken of as jujube paste.

jake (1), v. t. [Jook.] To bend or jerk, as the head.

*jake, v. i. [Etym. doubtful.] To perch upon anything, as birds.

ju-la-ceous, a. [Lat. julus a catkin, and suff. eous. Having or bearing ameuts or catkins; like

Ichthy. A sub-family of fishes, family Labridae. They have fewer than thirteen spines, and sometimes only eight or nine in the dorsal fin. It contains thirty-seven genera.

shreded vegetables, &c., in its composition. jū-li-enne, s. [Fr.] A kind of thin soup having jû-11-form, a. [Mod. Lat. Julus, and Lat. forma form, shape, appearance.]

1. Bot.: Formed like an amentum or catkin, as Bryum iulaceum.

2. Zool.: Formed like a millepede of the genus Iulus, or the family Iulidæ.

ja-lis, s. [Lat. a kind of rock-fish.]

Ichthy. The typical genus of the sub-family Julidine (q. v.). Julis vulgaris or Mediterranea is the Rainbow wrasse. It has been found on the coast of Cornwall.

Ja-lus, s. [IULUS.] Bot.: A catkin.

Julius, a name given to this month in honor of Jû-19', *juil, *juyl, *juylle, s. [From Latin The seventh month of the year, in which the sun Caius Julius Caesar, who was born in this month.] enters the sign Leo. It was formerly called Quintilis, or the fifth month, the year, according to the old Roman calendar, beginning in March. July-chi, s.

Entom.: A moth, Polia chi, one of the Hadenida. July-flower, s.

A. Intransitive: I. Literally:

1. To throw one's self in any direction by lifting the feet off the ground with a spring and alighting on them again; to leap, to skip. 2. To jolt, to shake.

"The noise of the prancing horses and of the jumping chariots."-Nahum iii. 2.

II. Figuratively: (Followed by with.) *1. To agree, to coincide, to tally, to accord.

"In short, it jumps with my humor." Shakesp.: Henry IV., Pt. I., i. 2 2. To agree in opinion; to accord. "Then they called a counsell, where they jumped with one general accord in this opinion."-P. Holland: Livius, p. 573.

II. Technically:

1. Forging:

Entom.: A moth of the family Larentida. jû -măr, jû mărt, s. [Origin unknown; perhaps an irregular deriv. from jument, with the intensitive art used in a bad sense. The Lang. gimere, gimeroû, according to Diez, suggests the Lat. chimera. (Littré.)]

Zool.: Onotaurus. An imaginary hybrid between bovine and equine species. According to Buffon (xiv. 248) these hybrids were mentioned by Columella, who was quoted by Gesner; but Blumenbach (ed. Bendyshe, p. 77) says, "I cannot find the men tion in the one, or the quotation in the other," and he considers Gesner (Hist. quad. vivap., pp. 19, 106, 799) was the first to mention jumars.'

jům -ble, *jum-bylle, *jom-bre, *jum-ber, *jum-per, v. t. & i. [A frequentative from jump (q.v.).]

A. Trans. To mix confusedly; to mix up in a confused mass; to throw or put together without order. (Generally followed by up or together.)

"Whiles they hastily were jumbled together, the fight by that time was begun in the right wing against Hannibal." -P. Holland: Livius, p. 957.

B. Intransitive:

1. To be mixed in a confused way; to meet or unite confusedly.

"They will all meet and jumble together into a perfect harmony."-Swift.

erly. (Applied to jumpers, tamping-bars, axes, &c.) [UPSETTING.]

(2) To attach by a butt-weld, in contradistinction to a lap-weld. A transverse piece attached by welding is said to be jumped on. If formed from a portion of the rest, it is said to be headed on.

(3) A gun-barrel made of a ribbon of iron, or lam inated iron and steel, coiled around a mandrel at a red heat, raised to a welding heat and placed on a cylindrical rod, which is struck heavily and vertically on the ground, is said to be jumped. The effect is to cause the edges of the ribbon to unite, a junction which is completed by the hammer on an anvil, the mandrel retaining its position. (Knight.) 2. Quarry.: To bore holes with a jumper (q. v.).

To jump a claim: To seize upon a mining claim or land in defiance of or during the absence of one who has a prior claim under the pre-emption laws, and in disregard of his rights.