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EXPLANATORY.

In the present Work the aim has been to give ALL the words in the English language now in use, with their several significations re-investigated, re-classified, arranged afresh, and illustrated by examples, a large number of them having been brought together by independent research.

In addition to these, a very large number of obsolete words have been introduced, which, it is hoped, will afford readers much assistance in the perusal of Old English authors. Obsolete spellings and significations of existing words have also been given, the latter chronologically arranged, so as, if possible, to show the process by which the present meaning has arisen. Obsolete words and significations are marked with an asterisk,*; those which have not dropped altogether out of use, but are only rarely found, with an obelisk, t.

Special attention has been given to scientific and technical terms.

COMPOUND WORDS in which complete adhesion has taken place between the two or more constituents have been arranged as independent words; while those still so loosely united as to be usually connected by hyphens, have been placed under the first word of the compound.

THE PRONUNCIATION is indicated by diacritical marks, a key to which will be found at the foot of the several pages. The division into syllables has been made solely with reference to pronunciation, and with no reference to the etymology of the word. In syllables wherein two or more vowels come together, not forming diphthongs, only that one of them which gives its sound to the syllable bears a diacritical mark, the others being treated as mute. Thus, in bread, sea, float, the a is mute, the syllables being pronounced as if spelled brěd, sẽ, flōt. Words of more than one syllable bear a mark upon the accented syllable, as âl ́-tẽr.

THE ETYMOLOGY will be found enclosed within brackets immediately following each word. To understand the plan adopted, let it be noted (1) that retrogression is made from modern languages to ancient; and (2) that when after a word there appears such a derivation as this-"In Fr. .... Sp. .... Port. .... Ital. .... from Lat. ....," the meaning is, not that it passed through Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and French before reaching English, but that there are or have been analogous words in French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian, all derived, like the English, from a Latin original.

The illustrations are intended not for the purpose of embellishment merely, but also to impart a conception of the objects represented clearer than any mere verbal definition could afford.

A. N. Anglo-Norman.

Arab. Arabic.

Aram. Aramaic.

Arm. Armorican.

A. S. Anglo-Saxon.

Assyr. Assyrian.

Bohe. Bohemian, or Czech.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS WORK.

Bret. Bas-Breton, or Celtic of Brit

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O. H. Ger. Old High German.

O. S. Old Saxon.

Pers. Persian.

Phoenic. Phoenician.

Pol. Polish.

Port. Portuguese.
Prov. Provençal.
Provinc. Provincial.
Russ. Russian.
Rabb. Rabbinical.
Sam. Samaritan.
Bansc. Sanscrit.

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C. G. S. Centimetre-gramme-second.

chem. chemistry.

chron. chronology.

cogn. cognate.

comm. commerce.

comp. comparative.

compos. composition.
conchol. conchology.

contr. contracted, or contraction.
crystallog. crystallography.

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etym. etymology.

ex. example.

f., or fem. feminine.

fig. figurative, figuratively.

fort. fortification.

freq. frequentative.
fr. from.

fut. future.

gen. general, generally.

gend. gender.

genit. gen tive.

geog. geography.
geol. geology.

geom. geometry.

gram. grammar.
her. heraldry.
hist. history.
hor. horology.
hortic. horticulture.
hydraul. hydraulics.
hydros. hydrostatics.
i. e. id est that is.
ichthy. ichthyology.
Ibid. ibidem the same.
imp. impersonal.
imper. imperative.
indic. indicative.
infin. infinitive.
intens. intensitive.
lang. language.
Linn. Linnæus.
lit. literal, literally.
mach. machinery.
m., or masc. masculine.
math. mathematics.
mech. mechanics.
med. medicine, medical.
met. metaphorically.
metal. metallurgy.
metaph. metaphysics.
meteorol. meteorology.
meton. metonymy.
mil., milit. military.

min., miner. mineralogy.
mod. modern.

myth. mythology.

N. North.

n., or neut. nenter.

naut. nautical.
nomin. nominative.
numis. numismatology.
obj. objective.

obs. obsolete.

ord. ordinary.

ornith. ornithology.
palæont. paleontology.
pass. passive.

path. pathology.
perf. perfect.

pers. person, personal.
persp. perspective.
phar. pharmacy.
phil. philosophy.
philol. philology.
phot. photography.
phren. phrenology.
phys. physiology.
pl., plur. plural.

poet. poetry, or poetical.

polit. econ. political economy.

poss. possessive.

pref. prefix.

pres. present.

pret. preterit.

prim. primary.

priv. privative.

prob. probable, probably.

pron. pronounced, pronunciation.

pros. prosody,

psychol. psychology.

pyrotech. pyrotechnics.

q. v. quod vide=which see.

rhet. rhetoric.

Scrip. Scripture.

sculp. sculpture.
sing. singular.

S. South.

sp. gr. specific gravity.
spec. special, specially.
suff. suffix.

sup. supine.

surg. surgery.

tech. technical.
theol. theology.
trig. trigonometry.
typog. typography.
var. variety.
viz. namely.
W. West.
zool. zoology.

Obsolete words.
Words rarely used.
Equivalent to, or signifying.
Nota bene take notice.

"A work of immense utility, a Dictionary, Encyclopædia, Atlas and Gazetteer"

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Assisted by over one hundred special contributors, among whom are the following
eminent specialists:

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MUSM

COPYRIGHT, 1894, BY OGILVIE PUBLISHING COMPANY.

COPYRIGHT, 1895, BY W. B. CONKEY COMPANY.

COPYRIGHT, 1897, BY R. S. PEALE AND J. A HILL.

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musm / MOLLUSK / RUHR
Gift
06/19/04

THE AMERICAN

ENCYCLOPAEDIC DICTIONARY.

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B. Intransitive:

1. To treat, to discourse. (Followed by of.) "Stephyn Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, preached at Paules Crosse, and there intreated of the Gospell of that daie."-Hall: Henry VIII. (an. 35.)

2. To beg, to entreat, to implore. (Foliowed by for.)

*in-treat-a-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2); Eng. treat, and suff. -able.] Implacable, inexorable.

*In-treat-ançe, *In-treat-aunçe, *in-treatměnt. [ENTREATANCE, etc.]

*In-treat-ful, a. [Eng. intreat; -ful(l).] Full of entreaties.

In-trench' (1), v. t. [Pref. in- (1), and English trench, s. (q. v.)]

1. To make furrows or hollows in.

"His face

Deep scars of thunder had intrenched, and care
Sat on his faded cheek." Milton: P. L., i. 601.

2. To surround or inclose with trenches, as in fortification; to fortify with intrenchments; as, to intrench a camp.

3. To lodge within intrenchments; to place in a strong and fortified position.

"Intrenched before the town both armies lie:
While night, with sable wings, involves the sky."
Dryden: Virgil's Eneid, xi. 7,378.

4. To protect or defend in any way.
*in-trench (2), v. i. [Pref. in. (1), and English
trench, v.] To trench; to encroach on that which
belongs to another. (Followed by on or upon.)

"We dare not on your privilege intrench, Or ask ye why ye like them? they are French." Dryden: Prol. to Arviragus and Philicia. *In-trench -ant, a. [Pref. in- (2), and English trenchant (q.v.).] Not to be cut; indivisible, invulnerable.

**As easy may'st thou the intrenchant air

With thy keen sword impress, as makes me bleed." Shakesp.: Macbeth, v 7. In-trench'-ment (1), s. [English intrench (1);

-ment.]

1. Literally:

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1. The act of intrenching. "Their method of intrenchment was of Latin origin."Macaulay: Prophecy of Capys. (Introd.)

2. A defensive work, consisting of a ditch or trench, and a parapet made from the excavated earth.

"Cæsar forced some of their strongest intrenchments; and then carried the war directly into the territories of Cassibelan."-Burke: Abridg. Eng. Hist., bk. i., ch. i. II. Fig.: Any defense or protection. -in-trench -měnt (2), s. [English intrench (2); -ment.] The act of trenching or encroaching on the property or rights of others; an encroachment. in-trěp-id, a. [Lat. intrepidus, from in-=not, and trepidus fearful, timid; Fr. intrépide; Ital. & Sp. intrepido.] Fearless, bold, brave, daring, undaunted, dauntless.

see BOLD.

"That high and serene intrepidity which is the virtue
of great commanders."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng, ch. xvi.
In-trep-id-ly, adv. [Eng. intrepid; -ly.] In an
intrepid, fearless, or dauntless manner.

"Orlando, determined to pursue his purpose, rushed
forward intrepidly with his lifted shield."-Hoole: Or-
lando Furioso, bk. xix. (Note 9.)

*in'-tric-a-ble, a. [Lat. intric(o) to entangle,
and Eng. -able.] Entangling, perplexing.
in'-tric-a-çy, s. [Eng. intrica(te); -cy.]

1. The quality or state of being intricate or
tangled; perplexity, complication, involution.
2. An intricate or perplexing situation; a diffi-
culty or perplexity.

"As perplexing that fable with very agreeable plots and
intricacies."-Addison: Spectator, No. 273.

For the difference between intricacy and com-
plexity, see COMPLEXITY.

in'-tric-ate, a. [Lat. intricatus, pa. par. of
intrico to perplex, to embarrass: in--in, and
trico-hindrances, wiles; Ital. intricato.]
1. Ord. Lang. Entangled, involved, complicated,
perplexing, obscure; difficult to unravel or under.

stand.

"The sense is intricate, 'tis only clear
What vowels and what consonants are there."
Dryden: Hind and Panther, ii. 385.
2. Bot. The same as ENTANGLED (q. v.).
*In-tri-cāte, v. t. [INTRICATE, a.] To involve,
to complicate, to perplex, to make obscure.
"This by-path of cunning doth 's embroil,
And intricate the passage of affairs."
Daniel: To Lord Henry Howard.

in-tric-ate-ly, adv. [Eng. intricate: -ly.] In
an intricate manner; with perplexity, complica
tion, or intricacy.
"By certain marks or notes intricately knotted."
Warburton: Divine Legation, bk. iv., § 4.

In'-tric-ate-ness, s. [Eng. intricate; -ness.]
The quality or state of being intricate, complicated,
or involved; intricacy.

in-tri-ca-tion, s. [Latin intricatus, pa. par. of intrico to entangle.] Entanglement, intricacy, complication.

In-trigue, s. [Fr. intrigue; Sp. intriga; Ital. intrigo.] [INTRIGUE, v.]

1. Intricacy, complication.

"Though this vicinity of ourselves to ourselves cannot give us the full prospect of all the intrigues of our nature, yet we have much more advantage to know ourselves, than to know other things without us."-Hale: Orig. of Mankind.

2. The act of intriguing or plotting by secret and
underhand ways or means; a plot or scheme of an
intricate or complicated nature, intended to effect
some object by secret arts.

"Busy meddlers with intrigues of state."
Pomfret: The Choice.

3. The plot of a play, romance, fable, &c.; a com-
plicated scheme of actions and events intended to
excite the interest of the reader or audience, and
make them look forward eagerly to the develop-
ment of the plot.

"As causes are the beginning of the action, the opposite
designs against that of the hero are the middle of it, and
form that difficulty or intrigue which makes up the great-
est part of the poem."-Pope. (Todd.)

4. Illicit intimacy between persons of different
sexes: a liaison; libertinism.
"Nor yet the swarms that occupy the brain,
Where dreams of dress, intrigue, and pleasure reign."
Cowper: Retirement, 642.

In-trigue, v. t. & i. [Old Fr. intriguer: Fr. in
triguer, from Lat. intrico-to entangle, to intricate
(q. v.); Sp. intrigar; Ital. intrigare.]

A. Trans.: To perplex; to render intricate.

B. Intrans.: To form, enter into, or carry on plots or schemes, usually of a complicated nature, with a view to effect some object by secret or underhand artifices; to plot, to scheme.

"The cardinal of York was not satisfied to be intriguing

for the popedom after his death."-Burnet: Hist. Reform.
(an. 1527.)

"He was intrepid, strong, fleet, patient of cold, of hunger, and of fatigue."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. xiii. For the difference between intrepid and bold, In-tre-pid-I-ty, s. [Fr. intrépidité, from intrépide: Ital. intrepidità.] The quality or state of intrigues; one who forms or enters into secret or being intrepid; fearlessness, boldness, courage.

in trig -uer, s. [Eng. intrigu(e); -er.] One who
underhand plots; a plotter; a schemer.

boy; pout, jowl; cat, cell, chorus, chin, bench; go, gem; thin, this;
zhun. -tious, -cious,
-tian
-sion shun; -tion, -şion
shan. tion,

"A gentleman of the Inns of Court, and a deep intriguer."-Tatler, No. 193.

in-trîg'-uĕr-y, s. [Eng. intrigue; -ry.] The act, art, or practice of intriguing.

*In-trîg -uĕss, s. [Eng. intrigu(e); -ess.] A scheming woman. was a compleat intrig

"The wife, for her part

uess."-North: Examen, p. 197.

Miss Edgeworth (Manoeuvring, ch. i.) regrets that "a word used in the days of Charles II., and still intelligible in our times, should have become obsolete."

In-trîg'-uing, pr. par., a. & s. [INTRIGUE, v.] A. & B. As pr. par. & particip. adj.: (See the verb.) C. As subst.: The act or practice of plotting; intrigue. in-trig-ulng-ly, adv. [Eng. intriguing; -ly.] In an intriguing, plotting, or scheming manner; with intrigues or secret plots.

In-trig-uish, a. [Eng. intrigu(e); -ish.] Connected with plots or intrigues. (North: Examen, p. 193.) *In-trinse, *In-trinçe', adj. [INTRINSIC.] Entangled, intricate, complicated. (Shakesp.: Lear, ii. 2.)

*in-trin-se-cate, *în-trin'-si-cate, a. [Latin intrinsecus; Ital. intrinsecato, intrinsicato.] [INTRINSIC.] Entangled, perplexed, complicated, intricate. (Shakesp.: Antony and Cleopatra, v. 2.)

In-trin-sic, in-trin-sic-al, *in-trin-se-cal, in-trin-sick, *in-tryn-cic-all, a. & s. [O. Fr. intrinseque, from intrinsecus=inward, from in-= in, into, and secus, from same root as sequor=Sp. & Port. intrinseco; Ital. intrinsico, intrinseco.] A. As adjective:

I. Ordinary Language:

*1. Inward, internal; also, domestic.

*2. Intimate, close, familiar.

3. Real, genuine, true, inherent, not accidental; as, the intrinsic value of gold or silver. *4. Intricate, complicated.

II. Technically:

Anat. (of muscles): Attached wholly to the bones of the limbs and their arches.

*B. As subst.: A genuine or essential quality. In-trin-si-căl'-I-ty, s. [Eng, intrinsical; -ity.] The quality or state of being intrinsical; essentiality.

In-trin'-sic-al-ly, *in-trin-sec-al-ly, adverb. [Eng. intrinsical; -ly.]

*1. Internally, within.

"Till it be thrust by some other body from without, or intrinsically moved by an immaterial self-active substance."-Bentley: Boyle Lectures.

2. Really, truly, in reality.

"Lumps of base metal, nominally worth near a million sterling, intrinsically worth about a sixtieth part of that sum, were in circulation."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng., ch. xii.

In-trin'-sic-al-ness, s. [Eng. intrinsical; -ness.] The quality or state of being intrinsical; intrinsicality.

in-tro-, pref. [Lat.] A Latin adverb, signifying within, used as a prefix to English words.

In-trō-çes ́-sion (sion as shồn), s. [Lat. intro-= within, and cessio-a going.]

Med.: A going or shrinking of the parts inward. fin trō-curved', a. [Pref. intro-, and English curved.

Bot.: The same as INTROFLEXED (q. v.).
In-tro-dü çe, v. t. [Lat. introduco, from intro-
within, and duco-to lead; Fr. introduire; Ital.
introdurre; Sp. introducir.]

1. To bring or lead in; to usher in.
"Introduced her to the parks and plays."
Pope: The Basset Table, 63.

2. To pass or put in; to insert; as, to introduce a
finger into a crevice.
sin, aş; expect,
-sious = shŭs.

Xenophon, exist. ph = f. -ble, -dle, &c. bel, del.

introducement

3. To insert, to interpolate.

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in some cases they are taken from other portions of "Anything that is afterward to be introduced in a Scripture, and occasionally from uninspired writers. more proper place."-Blair, vol. ii., Lect. 30.

4. To bring into use or practice.

"A custom or habit introduced by the necessity of trade among them."-Temple: United Provinces, vol. ii., Lect. 30. 5. To bring forward with preliminary or prefatory matter; to bring into notice; to make known; as, to introduce a subject with a preface.

6. To bring before the public by writing or exhibition; as, to introduce a character on the stage. 7. To make personally known; as, to introduce a gentleman to a lady.

8. To produce; to cause to exist; to induce. "Whatsoever introduces habits in children deserves the care and attention of their governors."-Locke: On

Education.

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In-tro-düç ́-er, s. [Eng. introduc(e); -er.] One who or that which introduces.

"The introducer of those divisions into English poetry." -Johnson: Proposal to Print the Works of Shakespeare. *in-tro-duct', v. t. [Lat. introductus, pa. par. of introduco to introduce (q. v.).] To bring in; to introduce. (Hacket: Life of Williams, i. 29.) In-tro-duc-tion, *in-tro-duc-ci-on, s. [French introduction, from Lat. introductionem, accus. of introductio; from introductus, pa. par. of introduco to introduce (q. v.); Sp. introduccion; Ital. introduzione.]

I. Ordinary Language:

1. The act of introducing, bringing, or leading in; the act of inserting; insertion.

2. The act of introducing or bringing into use, practice, or notice.

3. The act of making personally known to each other: the state of being made known personally to each other.

4. That part of a book, treatise, or discourse which precedes the main part, and in which the author gives a general account of its object, plan, or subject; a prefatory or preliminary discourse.

5. A treatise more or less elementary, on any branch of study; a treatise introductory to more elaborate or scientific works on the same subject; as, an introduction to geology.

II. Bib. Science: A department of Biblical science, the objects of which are stated by Prof. K. A. Credner, D. D., to be fivefold: (1) The origin of the individual books received into the sacred canon; (2) the history of the canon and the origin of the collection of Scripture books; (3) the history of the several translations, &c.; (4) the history of the text, and (5) the history of interpretation. It is divided into Introduction to the Old and Introduction to the New Testament.

in-tro-duc-tive, a. [Fr. introductif; from Lat. introductus, pa. par. of introduco-to introduce (q. v.).] Serving or tending to introduce; introducing or bringing forward; introductory.

In-tro-duc-tive-ly, adv. [Eng. introductive; ly. In a manner serving to introduce; introductorily.

în-tro-duc-tor, s. [Lat., from introductus, pa. par. of introduco to introduce (q. v.).] An introducer.

în-tro-duc-tõr-I-ly, adv. [Eng. introductory; -ly. In an introductory manner; by way of introduction.

in-tro-duc-tor-y, a. [Low Lat. introductorius, from introductus, pa. par. of introduco to introduce (q. v.); Sp. introductorio.] Serving to introduce; serving as an introduction to something further; previous, prefatory, preliminary.

In-tro-duc-tress, s. [Eng. introductor; -ess.] A female who introduces.

in-tro-flexed', a. [Pref. intro-, and Eng. flexed (q. v.).]

Bot.: Flexed or bent inward; curved inward; introcurved.

in-tro-gression (sion as shon), s. [Lat. introgressio, from introgressus, pa. par. of introgredior: intro--within, and gradior to go, to walk.] The act of going in or entering; entrance.

In-tro-It, in-tro-it-us, s. [Lat. introitus=a going in, from introeo to go in: intro-=within, and eo to go; Fr. introit.]

The old English word is office, which corresponds to the Latin officium, by which name the Introit is known in the Mozarabic, Carthusian, Dominican, and Carmelite missals. At High-mass and in a Missa Cantata the Introit is sung by the choir, as the priest commences the Mass.

2. In the Anglican Church: A short anthem, psalm, or hymn, sung while the minister proceeds to the table to commence the Communion service. For merly, in some English cathedrals, the Sanctus was sung as an Introit. This practice arose probably from the fact that the Communion Service soon after the Reformation ceased to be performed chorally, a proof of which is found in the fact that for nearly two centuries-namely, from 1660 to 1840-the Sanctus was never set to music except as an Introit, nor was the Gloria in excelsis set but as an anthem. in-trō-it-us, s. [INTROIT.]

In-tro-mis-sion (sion as shon), s. [Lat. intromissio, from intromissus, pa. par. of intromitto: intro- within, and mitto-to send.]

*I. Ordinary Language:

1. The act of sending in; the act of admitting; admission.

2. The act of introducing or inserting; insertion. II. Scots Law: The act of intermeddling with the property or effects of others, whether legally or without authority; also the dealing of a factor or agent with the money of his employer.

in-tro-mit, v. t. & i. [Lat. intromitto, from intro-=within, and mitto-to send.] *A. Transitive:

1. To send in, to let in, to admit.

intrust

2. To turn or direct to one's own heart or thoughts. in-trude', v. i. & t. [Lat. intrudo, from in--in, into, and trudo-to push, to thrust; Ital. intrudere.]

A. Intransitive:

1. To thrust or push one's self forward into any place or position; to push in; to force one's way. 2. Specif.: To thrust or push one's self forward into any place or position; to force one's self upon others; to enter or put one's self forward unwelcomely or without invitation; to obtrude. 3. To intervene; to be interposed.

"Where half the convex world intrudes between." Goldsmith: Deserted Village. 4. To encroach; to trench.

B. Reflex.: To push or thrust one's self forward. C. Transitive:

1. Ord. Lang.: To force or cast in; to push or thrust forward unwarrantably; as, to intrude one's conversation upon people.

2. Geol.: To force in, as a volcanic rock may into sedimentary strata. [INTRUSIVE.]

în-trûd'-ěd, a. [Eng. intrud(e); -ed.]

Geol.: Intrusive (q. v.).

In-trûd -er, s. [Eng. intrud(e); -er.] One who intrudes; one who thrusts himself in or enters where he is not wanted, or where he has no business.

"Hence, vain intruger! haste away,
Wash not with unhallowed brine
The footsteps of my Celia's shrine."
Carew: To my Rival.

A man is an intruder who is an unbidden guest at the table of another; he is an interloper when he joins any society in such manner as to obtain its are always offensive in the domestic circle; interlopers in trade are always regarded with an evil

2. To allow to enter; to be the medium by which privileges without sharing its burdens. Intruders anything enters.

B. Intranstive:

eye.

Scots Law: To intermeddle, to interfere.
"Where the said officer or officers may not lawfully intro- who intrudes.
mit or intermeddle."-Hackluyt: Voyages, i. 271.

in-tro-mit-tent, a. [Lat. intromittens, pr. par.
of intromitto.] Sending or conveying in or into.
In-tro-mit-ter, s. [Eng. intromit; -er.] One
who intromits, an intermeddler.

*in-tro-près-sión (sion as shồn), s. [Lat. in-
tro--within, and pressio a pressing, pressure; pres-
sus, pa. par. of presso to press (q. v.).] Pressure
acting within; internal pressure.

in-tro-re-çep-tion, s. [Pref. intro-, and Eng. reception (v.). The act of receiving within; admission within.

in-tror se, a.

[Lat. introrsum and introrsus, adverb=(1) toward the inside, inward, into, (2) within.]

Bot.: Turned toward the axis to which it appertains. (Used specif. of anthers when the line of dehiscence is on their inner side facing the pistil.) In-tro-spěct', v. t. [Lat. introspecto to look within: intro-=within, and specto to look.] To look into or within; to view the inside of.

tin-tro-spěc-tion, s. [Lat. introspectio, from introspectus, pa. par. of introspicio to look within: intro- within, and specio-to look.] The act of looking into or within; a view of the inside or interior; examination of one's own thoughts or feelings.

fin-tro-spěc ́-tion-ist, s. [Eng. introspection; ist. One given to introspection; one who studies the operations of his own mind.

fin -tro-spěc-tive, a. [Eng. introspect: ive.] Looking within; viewing inwardly; examining one's own thoughts or feelings.

*In-tro-sume', v. t. [Lat. intro--within, and sumo to take.] To take or receive in; to absorb. in-tro-sus-çep'-tion, s. [Pref. intro-, and Eng. susception (q. v.).1

*1. Ord. Lang.: The act of taking or receiving in or within.

2. Anat.: The same as INTUSSUSCEPTION (q. v.). *In-tro-ve-ni-ent, a. [Lat. intro--within, and veniens, pr. par, of venio to come.] Coming in or between; entering.

în-trô-vē -nl-ŭm, s. [Pref. intro- (q. v.), and Lat. vena a vein.]

Bot.: The obscuration of the venation by the abnormally developed parenchyma, as in Hoya, &c. In-tro-ver-sion, s. [Lat. intro--within, and versio a turning, from versus, pa. par. of verto=to turn.] The act of introverting; the state of being

introverted.

In-tra-dress, s. [Eng. intruder; -ess.] A female jin-trunk', v. t. [Prof. in-(1), and Eng. trunk (q.v.).] To encase, to enwrap, to inclose. In-trû -şion, s. [Fr., from Lat. intrusus, pa. par. of intrudo-to intrude (q. v.).]

I. Ordinary Language:

1. The act of intruding or thrusting one's self forward unwarrantably and unwelcomely where one is not wanted.

2. The act of encroaching or infringing; an encroachment.

II. Technically:

1. Geol.: The operation of forcing through or into sedimentary strata. (Used of volcanic rocks.) [INTRUSIVE-ROCKS.]

2. Law: An unlawful entry into or upon lands and tenements void of a possessor, by one who has no right to the same.

3. Scotch Ch.: The settlement of a minister in a the consent of the congregation. church or congregation against the will or without

The term was frequently used during the ten years' ecclesiastical controversy which culminated in the disruption of the Scotch Church in 1843. *In-trû'-şion-al, a. [Eng. intrusion; -al.] Pertaining to intrusion; noting intrusion.

In-trû-şion-ist, s. [Eng. intrusion; -ist.] One who favors the intrusion or settlement of a minister in a church or congregation contrary to the will or without the consent of the congregation.

In-trû-sive, a. [Lat. intrusus, pa. par. of intrudo to intrude (q. v.).] Tending or apt to intrude; thrusting or entering without invitation or welcome; obtrusive.

intrusive-rocks, s. pl.

Geol.: Rocks of igneous origin which have forced their way through crevices or rents in sedimentary strata, or have broken them up.

Intrusive sheets of eruptive rock may be distinguished from true lava-flows which have been subsequently overlaid conformably by sedimentary strata, by the fact that the rocks, both above and below the intrusive sheets, are altered at the contacts, while in the case of lava-flows the rocks over which they ran have been altered, but the deposits above them show no trace of metamorphism.

In-tra-sive-ly, adv. [Eng. intrusive; -ly.] In an intrusive or intruding manner.

în-trû -sive-ness, s. [Eng. intrusive; -ness.] The quality or state of being intrusive.

In-trust, *ĕn-trust, v. t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. trust (q.v.).J

1. (Of things): To give in trust; to commit or confide to the charge of a person; to commit with confidence. (Followed by to before the person charged.)

1. In the Roman Church: Words recited by the
priest in saying Mass, after the Confiteor, as soon
as he has ascended the altar. The custom of recit-
ing the Introit is of early origin, and has been
attributed to Gregory the Great. The words are
usually from some psalm, formerly recited entire,
and have an antiphon, and are followed by a Gloria;
fate, făt, färe, amidst, whāt, fâll, father; wē, wět, hëre, camel, her, thêre;

tin-tro-vert', v. t. [Latin intro-=within, and verto-to turn.] 1. To turn in or inward.

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