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Jurisdiction of the supreme court.

Trials by jury,

And where held.

Treason.

No corruption of blood.

isters, and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more States; between a State and citizens of another State; between citizens of different States; between citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different States, and between a State, or the citizens thereof, and foreign States citizens or subjects.

In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.

The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed: but when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have di rected.

SECTION III.

Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.

The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason; but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted.

ARTICLE IV.

SECTION I.

eccredited.

Full faith and credit shall be given in eachActs of late State to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings, shall be proved, and the effect thereof.

SECTION II.

The citizens of each State shall be entitled to Privileges of citizenship. all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.

Fugitives from

A person charged in any State with treason,mes to be felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, delivered up. and be found in another State, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime.

to be delivered

No person held to service or labor in one State Fugitive slaves under the laws thereof, escaping into another,up. shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor; but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due.

SECTION III.

New States may be admitted by the CongressNow States. into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State, nor any State be formed by the junction. of two or more States or parts of States, without the consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress.

C

Territory and sther property

The Congress shall have power to dispose of, of U. States. and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular State.

Republican form of government.

Protection of
States.

Amendments

of this Constitution.

SECTION IV.

The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the Legislature, or of the executive, (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence.

ARTICLE V.

The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution; or, on the application of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided, That no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no State, without its consent. shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Sen

ate.

ARTICLE VI.

Debts of formor

All debts contracted and engagements enteredgovernment into, before the adoptior of this Constitution, shall recognized. be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the confederation.

tutes the su

This Constitution, and the laws of the United What consti States which shall be made in pursuance thereof;preme law. and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every State shall be bound thereby; anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding.

officers.

The Senators and Representatives before men-Oath of public tioned, and the members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by oath or affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious test shall everNo religious be required as a qualification to any office or public' trust uuder the United States.

ARTICLE VII.

tost.

The ratification of the conventions of nine Ratification. States, shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution, between the States so ratify ing the same.

Done in Convention, by the unanimous consent of
the States present, the seventeenth day of Sep-
tember, in the year of our Lord one thousand sev-
en hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Inde-
pendence of the United States, of America, the
twelfth. In witness whereof, we have hereunto
subscribed cur names.

GEORGE WASHINGTON,
President, and Deputy from Virginia.

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MONDAY, September 17, 1787.

Resolved, That the preceding Constitution be laid before the United States in Congress assembled, and that it is the opinion of this Convention that it should afterwards be submitted to a convention of delegates, chosen in each State by the recule

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STONE 28 AGA Monvelucas of ninc States shall have ratified

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