some.

mediately before the wind. 589. Pectus. See on I. 481. —591 Illuserit. See on II. 581 for the force of the fut. perf. — 593. Alii For alii not preceded by alii, see Caes. B. G. I. 8. — 595. Mentem... mutat turns my brain. A momentary return to calmness. 596. Facta impia; referring probably to Dido's own faithlessness to the memory of Sychaeus. - 597. Decuit; sc. facta impia tangere te. - 598. Quem; sc. ejus before quem, or consider dextra fidesque equivalent to vir fidelis. — 599. Humeris. See on II. 708. — 600. Abreptum divellere. See on I. 69. — 603. Fuerat; for fuisset. See on G. II. 133. Fuisset. Gr. 516. II. 1. A. & S. 260, R. 3.-604. Quem metui; a more direct way of putting the question, "whom should I have feared?" So v. 19, we have potui when we might have expected potuissem. Castra; transferred to naval matters, as in III. 519. — 605, 606. Implessem... extinxem. Gr. 234 and 3. A. & S. 162. 7 (a) and (c). Super = insuper. Dedissem; sc. in ignes. Cf. II. 566. — 607. Sol is invoked as knowing all that is done on the earth. So sidera, v. 520. 608. Interpres - the medium. As Juno Pronuba, she had presided over the union of hearts, and so could impartially judge between them. Conscia witness. Cf. v. 167. — 609, Nocturnis... triviis at the cross-roads by night. -610. Dirae ultrices. Cf. v. 473. → 611. Meritum -numen turn against my ills the (wrathful) power which they have deserved. — 614. Fata Jovis. See on III. 376. Hic haeret = (and) this limit (i. e. decree) is fixed. — 615. At at least, yet. -622. Tum= in the next place. -623. Haec ... munera = these (i. e. such) funeral offerings; i. e. the news of these things. See on v. 387. — 625. Exoriare aliquis... ultor= arise thou, some avenger, Hannibal is supposed to be meant. - 626. Sequare. Gr. 500 and 1. A. & S. 264. 5.-627. Dabunt se= dabuntur. - 630. Partes - omnes. See on vv. 285, 286. — 633. Antiqua. See on v. 458. Cinis ater; the natural identification -634. Mihi; with siste.

of the human dust with the dust of earth.

635. Properet. Gr. 493. 2. A. & S. 262. 4. - 636. Monstrata

...

Gr.

enjoined; i. e. by the priestess. Ducat; in its sacrificial sense. Cf. VI. 153. 637. Sic; emphatic: Dido's object being to gain time. Veniat; same as properet. — 637. Quae - paravi quac rite paravi et incepi. — 640. Dardanii . capitis; like infandum caput, v. 613. Rogum; with capitis. - 642. Coeptis immanibus. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. So morte, v. 644. · 644. Genas. 380. A. & S. 234. II. — 645. She had been in her palace-tower, v. 586, from which she now descends. The pile was in the impluvium. Cf. v. 494. 647. Non ususa gift not sought for such a use. 648. Hic. See on I. 728-649. Lacrimis et mente = for tears and thought. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. — 650. Novissima,

Ferro

=

=

A. & S. 54.

= ultima. – 654. Magna... imago; probably including the notion of size greater than life (see on II. 773), as well as that of queenly majesty. Mei. Gr. 398. 3. A. & S. 211, R. 3 (b), fine print. — 656. Poenas satisfaction; i. e. I have punished. See I. 360 foll. 659. Os. See on II. 490. Gr. 380. A. & S. 234. II. - 660. Sic — umbras. Cf. Dryden: “Yet e'en this death with pleasure I receive: On any terms, 't is better than to live." Juvat ire of a pleasure-journey, II. 27. — 662. Dardanus; contemptuous. —663. in ferrum. Gr. 379. 5. A. & S. 225. IV. R. 2. It may come under Gr. 414. 4. A. & S. 247. 3. —664. Comites; her female attendants.665. It; from the comites. - 666. Fama; personified, as in vv. 173, 298. · -667, Femineo. Gr. 398. 2. A. & S. 211, R. 4 (a). See on G. I. 437.670. Tyros. Gr. 46. 671. Culmina tecta. Cf. V. 459. Volvantur. See on II. 383. - 675. Hoc illud... fuit was this the thing you had in view? Cf. III. 558.676. Iste. Gr. 450. A. & S. 207, R. 25.-677. Quidquerar. The effect of the question is how she shall best express her sense of her desertion.-678. Vocasses vocare debebas, utinam me vocasses. The construction may be explained by supposing a suppressed condition: if I had had my will, you would have invited me to share your fate. - 679. Tulisset. See on II. 554, 600. — 680. Struxi; sc. rogum. — 681. Sic. See on II. 644. Crudelis; with ego. — 682. Extinxti. See on v. 606. — 683. Date -lymphis; a rhetorical inversion, the water being represented as craving for the wounds which it is to wash. Cf. III. 61, dare · -austros. -684. Abluam. Gr. 493. 2. A. & S. 262, R. 4. Super = =remaining. See on III. 489. — 685. Legam. Gr. 487. A. & S. 260, R. 6. Evaserat. See on II. 458. — 692. Reperta = when it was found. - 695. Quae artus to separate the struggling soul from the limbs (that were) joined (with it). — 696. Fato is to be understood of a natural, merita morte of a violent death provoked by some action on the sufferer's part. — 698. Crinem; from the analogy of sacrifices, where a few hairs are plucked from the forehead of the victim as part of the offering (see VI. 245, 246), a dying person being regarded as a victim to the powers below. -701. Trahens... adverso sole = drawing from the opposite sun. -702. Adstitit. See on G. I. 330. Diti. Gr. 391. A. & S. 222. 3.

-

IN the first half of the Aeneid it would almost seem as if Virgil had intentionally relieved those portions of his narrative which possess the most absorbing interest with others of a more level and less exciting kind. The detailed account of the agonies of the one night of Troy's capture was succeeded by a rapid sketch of the events of seven years of travel; and now we pass from the spectacle of Dido's frantic love and (as a modern reader will regard it) Aeneas's faithlessness to a description of the games celebrated by the Trojan hero in Sicily on the anniversary of his father's death. This serves to conduct us from the tragedy of the Fourth Book to the mysterious solemnities of the Sixth. Aeneas does not pass at once from the terrible conflict of love and duty to the initiation which is reserved for the chosen favorites of Heaven, but is shown to us as the pious and beneficent prince, reverentially dutiful to his father's memory, and kind and liberal to his followers and friends, — encouraging the ambition of his own men and returning the courtesies of the Sicilians by a display in which it is his honor to be the dispenser of honors to others.

ARGUMENT.

AENEAS, leaving Carthage, sets sail for Italy, but by the violence of a tempest is a second time driven on the coast of Sicily, where, assisted by Acestes, he celebrates games at the tomb of his father Anchises, on the anniversary of his death (1-603). In the meantime the Trojan women, instigated by Iris, the messenger of Juno, set fire to the ships, of which four are burned, the others being miraculously preserved by Jupiter (604-699). Anchises appears to Aeneas in a vision on the following night, and gives him advice and direction with regard to his future course (700-740). Aeneas founds the town of Acesta and leaves, as colonists, many of the matrons, and the old men unfit for active service in war, and himself again puts to sea with his fleet for Latium (741-778). In this voyage Neptune renders the sea propitious, and, at length, after his many wanderings, Aeneas reaches Italy, having, however, lost his pilot Palinurus when near the Hesperian coast (779-871).

1. Medium... tenebat... iter; meaning simply that he was well on his way.-2. Certus unwavering; as an arrow going straight to its mark is called certa sagitta. Aquilone. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. -4. Accenderit. Gr. 501. I. A. & S. 266. 3. — 5.

Amore. Gr. 431. A. & S. 257.-6. Notum:

=

the knowledge; a

use of the neuter participle often found elsewhere. It is one of the subjects of ducunt. Gr. 580. A. & S. 274, R. 5 (6).

=

=

=

-7. Augurium

= presage, conjectures. Pectora animos. -8-11. See on III. 192-195.-12. Ipse. Things were so bad that even the pilot, etc. -14. Deinde; belonging not to the part. but to the verb. See on II. 391. For the transposition of deinde see on I. 195. — 15. Colligere arma to reef the sails. — 16. Obliquat-ventum = and turns the swollen sail obliquely to the wind. —17. Auctor as guarantee.-18. Spondeat...sperem. Gr. 509. A. & S. 261. 2. Hoc... coelo hac tempestate. - 19. Transversa. See on E. III. 8.-20. In — aër. It was the opinion of the ancients that clouds were produced by condensed air.-21. Contrą; with both verbs. Tantum sufficimus = have we as much power (as is wanted). Cf. Tanto tractu, G. II. 153. · 24. Fraterna Erycis=fratris Erycis. Eryx was son of Venus and Butes. See on I. 370.-25. Servata = (already) observed; i. e. in their previous voyage to Sicily.-27. Cerno. Gr. 467. 2. A. & S. 145. I. 2. 28. Sit. Gr. 486. II. A. & S. 260, R. 5.-29. Quove=or (can there be any) whither. Optem. Gr. 525. A. & S. 265. — 30. Acesten. See on I. 195. vertuntur. Cf. I. 158. —35. Vertice: from the top. -36. Adventum-rates. Hendiadys.—37. In bystidis = Libycae. — 38. Crimiso-flumine river (god) Crimisus: a river of Sicily. Gr. 425. 3. 1). A. & S. 246. The common construction is concipere de or ex aliquo. — 39. Vete. parentum; i. e. his mother's Trojan ancestry. -40. Gratatur reduces; sc. esse. 42. Primo...oriente = at the rising of the sun. See on III. 588. — 44. Tumuli; i. e. a mound made for the occasion. 45. A—divum; because Dardanus was the son of Jupiter. 47. Ex quo (sc. tempore) = since. -50. Sic di voluistis; a formula of resignation. -51. Gaetulis = Libycis. See on IV. 40. Agerem I were spending. — 52. Deprensus prised; i. e. by the arrival of the day at an inopportune time. Et couples Mycenae with the Argolic sea as distinguished from Aeneas's African perils (Gaetulis Syrtibus). — 53. Ordine. See on III. 548. Pompas funeral processions. 54. Suis: appropriate. — 55. Ultro: moreover. Ipsius virtually ipsos.—56. Numine. See on II. 777.59. Poscamus ventos let us ask (him) for winds;

rum...

=

=

=

=

-

i. e. favorable winds. - 60. Urbe. Gr. 431. A. & S. 257. Velit, Gr. 493. 2. A. & S. 262, R. 4.

250. I. i. e. first in order. Ponam certamina. See on G. II. 530. · Cursu. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. So viribus. - 68. Jaculo. Gr. 429. A. & S. 250. 1. Incedit melior= is more skilful. Aut

=

... seu are here treated as equivalents. -69. Fidit has confidence, dares.-71. Ore favete. As the sacred rites at the tomb of Anchises are about to begin, Aeneas enjoins a solemn silence. Cingite ramis; a part of the ceremonial.-72. Velat. See on II. 249; III. 174. Materna... myrto. See on G. I. 28.77. Baccho. Gr. 428. A. & S. 211, R. 6. So lacte and sanguine. 80. Iterum again (hail). Recepti... paternae of my father rescued ; i. e. from the flames of Troy. -81. Nequidquam; because he was to lose him after all. — 82. Fatalia. See on IV. 355. — 83. Ausonium. See on III. 171. Quicumque est; since thus far he has only heard of it. — 84. Adytis is meant to indicate the sanctity of the tomb.-87. Cui. See on I. 448. Auro. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. 89. Mille colores. See on IV. 701. -90. Agmine. Gr. 414. 3. A. & S. 247. 2. - 92. Dapes; the offerings on the altars. - 93. Depasta=tasted. It is explained by libavit. · 94. Hoc. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. Instaurat; because of the suspension of the ceremonies occasioned by the appearance of the serpent. -96. Binas; for duo. -99. Acheronte remissos sent back from the lower world; the shade being assumed to be present to partake of the funeral offerings. 100. Quae copia: - each according to his ability. 102. Alii. See on IV. 592. Fusi. See on I. 214.105. Phaethontis of the sun-god. Luce. Gr. 414. 3. A. & S. 247. 2.—108. Visuri. Gr. 578. V. A. & S. 274, R. 6 (a). Certare. See on E. VII. 5. Parati. Gr. 438. 6. A. & S. 205, R. 3 (1). 109. Circo the concourse of people.—110. Tripodes. Gr. 363. A. & S. 204. So coronae, palmae, arma, vestes, and talenta. — 111. Palmae. See on Hor. C. I. 1. 5. Pretium =praemium; an appositive of palmae. Victoribus may be taken as the dat. of the possessor after some form of the verb sum understood. -114. Remis. Gr. 428. A. & S. 211, R. 6. So mole, v. 118.-116. Agitimpels. Acri remige; i. e. by the aid of. See on I. 564.-117. Mox 118. Gyas; sc. agit. Urbis opus; for urbis instar: the size of a city. Triplici... versu= with a triple tier of oars. 120. Terno . . . ordine; for tribus ordinibus. See on I. 182. — 123. Cluenti. Gr. 45. 5. 2). A. & S. 52.125. Olim. See on G. II. 403. 127. Tranquillo = in a calm. Gr. 426. 1. A. & S. 253, N. 1. Unda. Gr. 422. 1. A. & S. 254, R. 3.—128. Campus. Gr. 363. A. & S. 204. So statio. Apricis basking in the sun. Statio= standing-place. — 130. Unde that from thence. Gr. 500. A. & S. 264. 5 and R. 2. 132. Sorte-legunt; because it was an object to secure the place which, as nearest to the goal, involved the shortest turn. - 133. Ductores; the commanders as distinguished from the pilots (rectores), v. 161.—134. Velatur. See on III. 174.—137. Haurit

=

soon afterwards.

--